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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Waheed M. ASHAGIDIGBI

The study was conducted in Modoinding District in the villages of Palelon, Makaaroyen and Linelean. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of pests and diseases and their populations. Insect sampling using the diagonal slice method where in each plot there are 5 subplots, 4 at the end and 1 in the middle, each subplot is 4m x 2m wide. Samples were collected by sweeping using 10 nets of insect swings. Insect samples were anesthetized with ethyl acetate and put in bottles containing alcohol and labeled. Samples are taken to the laboratory to identify and calculate the population. Insect sampling was carried out at the age of the plant 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84 days after planting. Plant disease sampling also used diagonal slice method, each subplot was 2m x 2m with 22 plants per subplot. Sampling of plants affected by disease is carried out on plants aged 35, 42, 49 days after. Found as many as 27 types of identified insects known as pests, predators and parasitoids. The dominant insects found and the population average is Empoasca sp. 49 individual, Lygus sp. 16.44 individual, Leptorna sp. 15.89 individual, Acrididae 11.44 individual, Nezara sp. 11.22 individual, Epilachna sp. 10.89 individual, Bactrocera sp. 10.78 individual, Phthorimaea sp 10.17 individual. Identified plant diseases are dry spots Alternaria solani, fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia solanacearu. The incidence of the disease found is not too significant where the numbers are relatively small. Bacterial wilt disease was found as much as 7.5%, fusarium wilt 4.54% and dry spots 3.61%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Zarewa Muhammad NALAMI, Musa IBRAHIM, Shu’aibu Ahmed USMAN

Tourism represents in Romania one of the economic sectors with real possibilities for long-term development, also being a means of creating and improving the image of our country abroad. A dominant feature of tourism activity is seasonality, which must be taken into account when proposing and formulating marketing policies. This is also one of the difficulties faced by tourism companies. In order to be able to make forecasts but also lay the foundations for strategies of evolution and sustainable development of a tourist area, it is necessary to take into account all the environmental characteristics of the area in which it is desired to carry out a tourist activity, but also the evolution of its components. Seasonality in tourism can be influenced by various factors such as: the natural ones (the change of seasons or climate), the periodicity of cultural activities and manifestations, but also the organizational factors related to the periods of holidays, holidays, holidays. The main purpose of this paper was to determine the seasonality of the tourist demand and implicitly its degree of concentration throughout Tulcea County, taking into consideration the period 2010-2018. The study of the phenomenon of concentrating the tourist activity in certain months and implicitly the need to attenuate the seasonality curve in the tourist reception structures is a way to understand the evolution of the tourist activity over a period of time. The identification of the tendency of this curve for the following periods can lead to the elaboration of solutions that can eliminate the factors that influence the seasonality of the tourist activity.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Norrytha Lineke WUNTU, Max TULUNG, Jantje PELEALU, Bernat TULUNG

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Glusi Ladyani MERISTICA, Jajang GUMILAR, Kusmajadi SURADI

The purpose of this paper was to find a useful correlation between the costs and the size of the economic unit involved in the agricultural input supply. This relationship was analysed in the current paper in order to verify if the the practical situation on the agricultural input market in Romania allows to perform economies of scale, according to the conditions in which the economic units are operating. The research methodology consisted of analysing the first 10 firms that are agricultural input suppliers, in correlation with another 15 firms of smaller size than the first ones. The sampling was not representative for the agricultural input supply in Romania, but it allowed to highlight the impact of economies of scale on the value of costs and the management of improving and stabilizing the position on the market of these economic actors. The obtained results showed that the agricultural input suppliers take advantage of economies of scale, but they choose to use these advantages towards securing some benefits for clients (agricultural farms), in order to maximize their market share and to consolidate their brand image.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Elena STOIAN, Valentin ȘERBAN

The paper analyzed the EU-28 oil seeds sector in terms of cultivated area, production and yield for rape and turnip rape, sunflower and soybean, based on the data provided by Eurostat for the period 2008-2018. Growth rate, index method, descriptive statistics, correlations and regression equations were used to identify the trends and connections between these indicators. In 2018, the EU-28 cultivated 11.8 million ha with oil seeds crops, of which 58% rape, 33.8% sunflower and 8 % soybean. Seeds production reached 35 million tonnes, being by 30 % higher than in 2008. The average yield accounted for 3.2 t/ha in case of rape, 2.4 t/ha sunflower and 2.8 t/ha soybean seeds. The main producers of rape seeds are France, Germany, Poland, United Kingdom and Romania, and in case of sunflower are Romania, Bulgaria, Italy and France. The correlations and regression models indicated that for increasing production, yield improvement of sunflower and rape and also cultivated surface of soybean to increase. The lack of incentives for oil seeds producers in the EU and the higher payments for protein crops in order to balance the protein deficit on the EU market and reduce imports, will affect oilseeds for sure producers and production. As a result, it is expected as soybean to be cultivated on larger surfaces and sunflower cultivated area to decline.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Simona SPÂNU, Marin FLOREA

We have proposed to use the inverse matrix method when calculating the value of the lease right of an agricultural land plot in the context of a methodological approach based on comparing the sale prices of such rights at land auctions for similar land plots. The reflection its use for the determination of rental rights when comparing their sales prices at land auctions using the system of linear algebraic equations provides the application of the quantitative and qualitative analyses to measure differences between comparison elements. The proposed method allows taking into account the qualitative characteristics of the objects of comparison, such as the land plot shape or the presence of restrictions and burdens on its use.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Nelė JURKĖNAITĖ, Dimitrios PAPARAS

The purpose of the paper was to identify the competence level in internet usage among agricultural extension workers is required for assessing effective information dissemination between agricultural extension workers and farmers in Delta and Edo States in Nigeria. This will be useful in improving the productivity of farmers. To solve the proposed topic, it was a paired t-test was used to determine the difference in the competence of agricultural extension in Delta and Edo States, Nigeria. We find that significant difference (t= 6.968 p≤ 0.05) exists in the competence between agricultural extension workers in Delta (Mean =26.59) and Edo States (Mean = 35.48) at p≤0.05. Respondents recorded high competence level only in searching for research based information with a mean of 2.69 and 3.10 for respondents in Delta and Edo States, respectively. Unstable power supply, unavailability of internet facilities in offices and poor connectivity among others were most significant constraints that hinder the usage of internet related activities. The limited number of agricultural extension workers in the study areas was a major limitation. The few extension workers were difficult to locate and this make data collection unnecessarily time consuming. Agricultural extension workers may find internet useful in sourcing and processing information. However, their competence level in the use of internet in Nigeria is unknown.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Cristinel CONSTANDACHE, Lucian DINCĂ

Harvested wheat is a complex ecosystem with a rich enzymatic activity, located in the germ, contaminated with microorganisms and potentially infested with insects. Wheat quality assurance during storage represents a set of technical measures which are applied to direct the physical-chemical and biological processes within the mass of grains, to the purpose of maintaining them under good conditions, with minimum quality and quantity losses. This work presents a study on the influence of common wheat (Triticum aestivum, ssp. vulgare) belonging to the Romanian variety Dropia, intended for the obtaining food-grade flour. The prophylactic treatments were conducted using groups from the T+ toxicity group (K-obiol EC 25), in view of preserving the wheat under optimal conditions. The obtained results prove the efficiency of the post-harvest prophylactic treatments, which contribute to the preservation of wheat quality during extended storage. The applied treatment ensured protection from pests and, according to the determinations, it did not significantly change the initial values of the quality indicators for the stored wheat.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Cristina SIMEANU, Radu-Adrian MORARU, Benone PĂSĂRIN, Daniel SIMEANU, Dan BODESCU

The present study highlights aspects regarding the evolution of the table grape market in Romania, between 20142018. Table grapes are appreciated on the one hand, because of the pleasant taste, and on the other hand for the therapeutic value offered by them. At the national level the areas cultivated with vines specialized in table varieties are much smaller, compared to the areas cultivated with vines specialized in varieties for wine. In this study, a series of indicators were analyzed, such as: the total area occupied by vineyards in bearing; the surface of vineyards specialized in table varieties; total table grapes production; average prices for table grapes; consumption of table grapes; valoric imports and exports. The statistical data analyzed in the present study were provided mainly by the National Institute of Statistics.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Sugiah SUGIAH, Roostita L. BALIA, Gemilang L. UTAMA

The constantly increasing world population, climate change, water depletion and soil degradation challenges the agriculture of the 21st century. Despite the fact that people practice farming for millennia, classical production methods are becoming less effective in the current conditions of growing demand. Thereby digital and communication technologies are designed to assist farmers to turn agriculture into high-tech industry. The introduction of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles is one of the most progressive and perspective trends in the agricultural sector. In addition to improving of efficiency, productivity and rationalization of the production processes, the technology is expected to bring a wide share of jobs opportunities. Drones are used for monitoring of the fields which may contribute to digitalization of agriculture. The high-quality of data collection and processing, engage the further development of the aircrafts, allowing them to become more multitasking in the future.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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