ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 4
Written by Maria-Mihaela ANTOFIE, Camelia SAND SAVA

By adopting the Nagoya Protocol, the international community is responding to the 3rd objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It refers to the fair and equitable sharing of benefits resulting from the biodiversity use and it is the intention of the parties to the CBD to creates innovative financial mechanisms working for its conservation. For the regional level the EU adopted the Regulation (CE) no. 511/2014 for providing the harmonizing framework in the implementation of the Protocol. For the year 2017, 15 Member States' reported to the Secretariat of the CBD on the state of implementation of the Protocol on voluntary basis. The purpose of this article is to identify best practices in managing new topics for Romania in this field, such as synthetic biology, digital sequence information, biopiracy related to patenting, traditional knowledge and local communities for further development in agriculture. These subjects have also been addressed during the meeting of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA 22) which take place in 2018. Relevant stakeholders for Romania were identified and they should to be involved in the general debate on these subjects. The national consultancy is of outmost importance for developing the legislative framework in Romania by taking into account the financial costs of implying the full implementation of the Nagoya Protocol.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 3
Written by Debby Moody SUMANTI, Imas Siti SETIASIH, Roostita L.BALIA, Agung KARUNIAWAN, Hendronoto Arnoldus W. LENGKEY

Composite flour from banana corm, sweet potato, and black soybean has rich nutrition content and contains bioactive compounds, which potentially benefficial for human health if consumed in proper amount. It is important to know composite flour properties prior apply to food product. The objective of this research was to determine the bioactive compounds and functional properties of composite flour that can be applied for functional food products. The method used was an experimental method by descriptive analysis with two replications. Composite flour made by mixture of 55 part banana corm flour, 45 part of sweet potato flour and black soybean flour added as much 20 percent of the weight of banana corm and sweet potato flours. The result showed that the composite flour had bioactive compounds which contained 9.09 g/ 100g of total phenols, 1.62 g/ 100g of tannins, 171.35 mg/ 100g of isoflavones, and IC50 979.64 ppm of antioxidant activity (very weak). The amylograph characteristic pasting involves initial temperature of gelatinization 76.620C, 1304.5 cP of peak viscosity, 930.0 cP of hot pasta viscosity, 1267.5 cP of cold pasta viscosity, 374.5 cP of breakdown viscosity and 337.50 cP of setback viscosity. Therefore, the composite flour from banana corm, sweet potato, and black soybean has rich nutritions to be used as functional food.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 3
Written by Martin KNIEPERT, Gina FINTINERU

Blockchain became known as the technology underlying the cryptocurrency bitcoin. While here this technology has received quite controversial attention, its proponents expect much more promising applications in other fields. One of these concerns food-chain management, where it is said to have the potential to revolutionise it. This paper looks at this case from an institutional economic perspective. For this, it first clarifies how a straight application of this technology matches basic microeconomic thinking, as restricted to private goods and prices, and thus also the market optimism associated with it. The paper then analyses the role of institutions in the food system as it has so far been organised and how this institutional setting might be changed in order to incorporate this new technology while safeguarding the objective of an overall economic optimum. In order to sketch out some ways in which these conceptual considerations might actually be put to the test, a cursory introduction is given to some options relating to the situation in Romania. Some orientation might thereby be provided for further work.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 2
Written by Yaşar ÖZVAROL, Yıldız BOLAT

Trawling is an important fishing method used by the fishermen in the Turkey. Bottom trawling fisheries in this part of Mediterranean are essentially multispecies. Commercial fishing vessels use 44 mm diamond shaped mesh for trawl cod-end s in the Mediterranean Coast of Turkey. The trawl nets (cod-end) of the fishery retain a lot of juvenile individuals, which has negative effects on the population of fish species. Currently fishing boats use very low selectivity gears. Because of this reason, fishing ground is predominantly overfished. Although there are many selectivity studies carried out in the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, selectivity experiments results have not used into practice for management of fisheries yet.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 4
Written by Camelia SAND SAVA, Maria-Mihaela ANTOFIE

Romania is a European Union (EU) country with a biological diversity in situ as well as ex-situ due to collections of microorganisms, plant and animal species. However, due to this peculiarity for Romania the implementation of the 3 rd objective of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), remain a great challenge. In 2014, the “Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity” (Nagoya Protocol), entered into force. Romania signed the Protocol and if ratifying it for the future, will have the chance to implement the 3rd objective of the CBD. Moreover, this activity may be further supported when Romania will comply with the Regulation (CE) no. 511/2014. The purpose of this article is to analyze our country institutional capacity’s needs for harmonizing at the general level the implementation of this Regulation. Attention is paid to peculiarities of the country to implement Article 4 of the Regulation, on user compliance measures. The conclusions of this study support the idea that Romania has the capacity to implement and enforce this Regulation. All national authorities must join together for further developing required national procedures. Relevant for Romania are procedures development that are related to access to genetic resources as well as for defining traditional knowledge to users of the third countries. Recommendations are made on access to human resources and for developing innovative financial mechanisms.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 3
Written by Tsvetana HARIZANOVA-METODIEVA, Tatiana IVANOVA, Verginia GAIDARSKA

The aim of the research was to estimate cash flows from operating activities of dairy cattle farms in Bulgaria and to compare their effectiveness. In order to achieve the aim, in 2016, information was collected by questionnaires from 2 dairy farms located in Northern Bulgaria. The first farm had 16 cows in the main herd, and the second farm had 120 cows respectively. A number of indicators had been studied: farm size (number of animals, arable land and pasture in decares), animal feed, milk production, number of calves born and fattened, cleaning technologies used in the farms, animal health, cash flows by categories. An estimate of the cash flows from operating activities of the dairy cattle farms had been developed. The estimate was based on the collected information and on the basis of own calculations. The farm with 120 cows in the main herd achieved higher effectiveness than the farm with the smaller herd, although the farm with 16 cows managed 50 decares more arable land, achieved higher average milk yield (7,000 l vs. 6,000 l) and received subsidies. Workforce involved with cattle operations in the first farm was used less effectively compared with that in the second farm: a cattleman tended for an average of 8 cows in the main herd in the first farm and for 30 cows in the second farm.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 1
Written by Similoluwa ADEWOLE, Adegboyega OMOWOLE

The main objective of this study was to carry out an economic analysis of bread production (using cassava flour) in Akure South Local Government, Ondo State, Nigeria. It ascertained the socio-economic characteristic of the bread producers, estimated costs, returns and profitability in the use of cassava flour for making bread in the study area. Primary data were collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire administered to fifty respondents. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis and multiple regression analysis. Result showed that production of bread were dominated by male with (73.5%) flour processors and (26.5%) of female processors. Analysis of costs and returns revealed that bread production is profitable in the study area (mean profit of N1,546,657 per month). The estimated functions were in terms of the statistical significance of multiple determinants (R2) 0.998 as indicated by F-value, the significance of the co-efficient of and the magnitude of standard errors. An increase in age will lead to a further increase in the revenue of the producers. The coefficient of educational level is negative and this implies that a decrease in the educational level leads to an increase in the revenue of producers. The coefficient of years of experience was positive and it connotes a corresponding increase in revenue as years of experience rises, the coefficient of purchasing cost was positive and this connotes that the revenue of the producers increased with an increase in purchasing cost as they tend to hike their prices.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 1
Written by Silviu BECIU, Stefan MANN, Georgiana Armenița ARGHIROIU

The paper aims to make an assessment related to the Romanian mountain areas, insisting on the aspects in connection with the population from the rural areas and the evolution of the value chains in these areas. The research method is rather empiric, based on the recent evolutions related with the population and the food chain supply from the mountain areas. Most of the data are provided by the recently established Romanian Agency for the Mountain Area and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development from Romania. The discussions are focused on how this mountain area evolved in the last years, in relation to the needs of its inhabitants. The paper is developing the idea of the mountain as a marketing argument. The results indicates that many aspects related with the mountain areas are not supported by the field studies and the researches in this field are a necessity.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 4
Written by Vida DABKIENĖ

The aim of this paper is to disclose the main changes and trends of Lithuanian grain production. Using quantitative statistical methods, the paper proposes an economic analysis of grain production changes in the period 2004-2015. This analysis revealed that the importance of grain sector in terms of the share of gross agricultural output has increased in Lithuania. Over the analysed period the yielding capacity of grain and the area under crops went on increasing. These in turn lead to an increase of the usable production by 2.2 times, the beginning stocks by 54% and self-sufficiency level reached 318%. In 2015 just 31% of the usable production has been used for domestic needs, as compare to 2004, decreased by more than 50 percentage points. Over the period exports of grain increased significantly by 6.2 times. This confirmed the improved competitiveness of the grain sector. The Common Agricultural Policy direct payment scheme was favourable to grain farms, as the farm net income per family work unit gained by family farms specialist in cereals, oilseeds and protein crops was even by 2.0 times higher than the average in all farms. In order to ensure the income these farms need to use internal or/and external risk management measures.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 15 ISSUE 4
Written by Krzysztof WASIELEWSKI

The aim of this article is to present the significance of higher education for changes in the Polish countryside. These transformation are - directly or indirectly - related to changes assigned to the value of education, as well as to structural changes in the entire system of higher education in Poland. Popularization and greater accessibility to higher education has undoubtedly affected rural youth and rural areas themselves to a high degree. The rural areas that until recently had been marginalised were given an opportunity to 'catch up' in terms of educational and civilization progress. It was all possible certainly not only due to institutional changes in education system but also as a result of changes in the mentality of rural inhabitants, opening to new cultural trends and values - and last but not least - substantial aid from the European Union targeted at rural areas. The countryside has undoubtedly used this opportunity

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Vol. 24 - Issue 4

Page 11 of 68

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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