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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Mariana DUMITRU

This paper starts from the conviction that one of the main environmental problems of today’s society is the continuously increasing production of organic wastes. In many countries, sustainable waste management have become major political priorities in order to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and to avoid, as much as possible, global climate changes. This problem becomes more and more present in our country too. Production of biogas through anaerobic digestion of animal manure and slurries as well as of a wide range of digestible organic wastes, converts these substrates into renewable energy and offers a natural fertiliser for agriculture. That is why we consider that biogas plants will be more and more used in the future. In this paper we show the different stages which must be operated in a biogas plant and the problems which can be met in each of them.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Solomon Kodjo DARKEY, B.M. DZOEMKU, E.L. OKORLEY, N.A. GYIMAH, F.A.BLUWEY

The number of urban poor is rapidly increasing as urban population grows. Urban vegetable production is therefore a response to the available market demand and the challenges of unemployment and food insecurity resulting from the urbanisation. The study examined the contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers’ livelihoods in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ashanti Region of Ghana. Descriptive survey design was used for the study. Based on a simple random sampling technique, 300 urban vegetable farmers were selected and interviewed. Cronbach alpha coefficient values showed high reliability and consistency of the farmers’ livelihood subscales. The study that the contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers’ livelihoods differed significantly regarding different livelihood subscales (ANOVA). Post-hoc multiple comparisons test (Dunnett’s T3) result revealed that the contribution of urban vegetable production to farmers’ mean livelihoods was generally ‘low’. However, it contributed ‘moderately high’ to their natural and physical capitals. The strength of association between farmers’ mean livelihood subscales also showed that urban vegetable production impacted differently and significantly on their livelihoods. It is recommended that Farmer Based Organisations (FBOs) should be formed to help empower and protect farmers’ from the exploitation of prospective buyers. It would also help address common challenges confronting members including high input cost, lack of credit facilities and inadequate marketing avenues.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Romulus IAGĂRU, Cristina ANTTILA, Pompilica IAGĂRU

The particularly complex and timeless issue of rural development, of rural community respectively, is based on two fundamental elements which are in close interdependence: the source that can generate sustainable resource development and rural residents representing both the action and the consume factor, being the beneficiaries of development. To identify the potential problems of sustainable resources and human cells in order to develop policy options to guide the development and diversification of agricultural and non-agricultural activities in rural areas, there were used strategic analysis methods, recommended by the literature in the domain. Thus, the results obtained are summarized in this paper that contributes to a better targeting of rural development policy measures to flattening economic and social disparities manifested in the rural areas in different regions, and between urban areas and rural areas of a country, generated by the varying endowment with natural resources, physical, human, financial capital.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Ionela Mituko VLAD, Toma Adrian DINU, Silviu BECIU

The paper was focused on the sector of trade and meat consumption in Romania. Data are presented at national level and covers a period of 10 years; they come from the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Institute of Statistics of Romania. We presented an analysis of the trade in live animals, according to Romania's main trading partners, the dynamics of household consumption of three types of meat and we present a detailed analysis of the three most important sectors in the trade with live animals. The methodology has also included the study of seasonality of total import and export of live animals and separate of Live cattle trade sector. The findings were that, although the trade in live animals in Romania shows a positive balance, looked in detail, the sector has a significant imbalance between the different categories of animals. So, we could appreciate the fact that the positive balance of the entire trade in live animals is, in fact, supported only by exports of cattle, the other directions having a slight contribution. In terms of seasonality, we identified for imports, positive seasonal deviations in the 2nd quarter and for exports in the 3rd and the 4th quarter.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Marián KOTRLA, Martin PRČÍK

Nitra region is evaluated based on the analysis of land use ecological stability in the present article, which is significant for its development, particularly in terms of increasing potential for tourism. The coefficient of ecological stability (CES) was used to evaluate the ecological stability of the region as a relatively simple ecological indicator for quality of life determination in the region. Three basic methods were used of calculating CES according to the methodology Míchal (1982), Löw et al. (1984) and Miklós (1986). The districts of Nitra region differs by natural conditions from each other. There are represented three types of natural areas: foothill (Zlaté Moravce), upland (Nitra, Levice, Topoľčany) and lowland area (Šaľa, Nové Zámky, Komárom). The highest value of CES was in the district of Zlaté Moravce. A higher value of CES was in the district of Topoľčany. The lowest value of CES was evaluated in the district of Šaľa, where do absent ecologically stable elements. Nitra region is classifies as an area of low to median ecological stability, which is critical to the improvement and development of the region need to make eco-stabilizing elements and eco-stabilizing management measures. On the basis of country originality can be expressed the impact of human activity on the landscape and its features. Originality coefficient of the cultural landscape for individual districts of Nitra region is following: Komárno and Levice - 0.16; Nitra - 0.17; Nové Zámky - 0.15; Šaľa - 0.07; Topoľčany - 0.56; Zlaté Moravce - 1.49. Slovakia is in terms of the authenticity of cultural landscapes evaluated coefficient of 2.01. Based on the analysis it can be concluded heterogeneity in the origin of cultural landscapes in the Nitra region.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Irina RUSAKOVA, Natalia SHABARDINA

Estimation of changes of a biological condition (status) soddy-podzolic sandy soil under the influence of use of mineral fertilizers and biological resources (straw of a winter wheat and stubble green manure, separately and in a combination) was an objective of this research. Among the investigated kinds of fertilizers the strongest influence on the mortmass and mortmass carbon, number, activity of soil microflora and the content of soil microbial biomass have rendered straw in a combination with , postharverst green manure (intermediate culture), at the expense of increase in an input of the easily accessible for soil microflora organic matter. In this research mineral fertilizers without additives of organic materials essentially have not affected microbiаl activity

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Dionisie Marian TURCU

The work aims to highlight the niche forms of tourism (active tourism and ecotourism), showing similarities and differences between them. However it argues the need to introduce the occupation of rural tourism entertainer, showing the main tasks incumbent upon it to organize leisure tourists. The research was conducted by studying the latest articles in the field and by consulting specific websites.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Tatyana ANISIMOVA

In field experiences on soddy-podzolic sandy soil of Meshchersky lowland high agroeconomic efficiency of an adaptive link of a crop rotation with, grown up on grain, a potato and barley is established, at entering winter wheat straw under lupine . Straw in a combination with lupine has proved to be a perspective reserve of reproduction of fertility of soils without participation of nitrogen of mineral fertilizers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Condrea DRAGANESCU

The world modern animal production, like the whole actual civilization is a product of the Europe of the last five centuries. The European animal production was the effect of an territorial expansion and dispute, cultural development, urbanization and industrialization under the conditions of the market economy, and also of the direct intervention of the states, especially in the 19th century. The extension of the European civilization at world level has brought Europe a danger besides profit. The underdeveloped area of the globe has become competitive and risked the position of leader and even the security. In front of the danger, the European countries joined their forces and in order to assure their food and political security, they established a Common Agricultural Policy ( Treatise of Rome, 1957). This policy offered Europe the opportunity to recover its supremacy and food security, but the strong subsidization, which was the basis of the decisions regarding institutional restructuration, and the increase of production led to non competitive production cost. As a result, it was imposed nowadays a new PAC restructuration in the sense to reduce subsidies. "The enigma and historical miracle", the Romanian nation, has reappeared as a state after a long period of historical anonymity, determined by the new masters and immigrants or natives in the ex Eastern Roman empire. The tradition, the ecological and political conditions made as the actual and ex motherland of the Romanians to become a pastoral area, extended on a large territory, marked by four sheep breeds, their creation and ownership. The Romanians have been, therefore, outside of Europe, the founder and profiteer of the new civilization created by it. The political circumstances in the last 50 years favourized a "terrorist" modernization of agriculture, a remarkable animal production, mainly in poultry and pig farming. This progress collapsed at the same time with the terror and Romania remained an underdeveloped country in the EU, disadvantaged by the new competition and PAC. At present, it is imposed:(a)revitalization and sustainable development of the intensive industrial farms;(b)revitalization of the pastoral production systems;(c)development of the organic agriculture systems and temporary maintenance of the subzistence farms; (d)rural development and the preservation of the old Romanian village civilization; (e)development of the scientific life in animal husbandry and a new antitrust system;(f)the right selection, training, promotion and use of the human values.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Ľubica RUMANOVSKÁ

The aim of the scientific paper was to find correlation between total utilized agricultural land and leased farmland by agricultural holdings in Slovakia. The evaluation was realized by using the method of regression analysis to verify the hypotheses and correlation. Based on the research we can conclude that was confirmed by 48% correlation between the total utilized land and acreage of leased land only by small individual farmers. Based on the research we came to the conclusion that, the correlation between the area of agricultural land leased from individuals and the amount of the rent for one hectare is quite strong, accounting for 60%.In Slovakia the agricultural holdings and farmers are farming on leased land and the fact is that the rent is relatively low. Amount of rent for agricultural land in Slovakia in 2012 ranged from 6.50 to 120.00 EUR.ha-1. The low amount of rent for agricultural land in Slovakia compared to EU countries is directly related to a lower level of agricultural production and also revenues, up about 30 to 40% per hectare of agricultural land. By comparing the rent per 1 ha of agricultural land in Slovakia with selected EU countries shows that in Slovakia is the rent 14 to 55 times lower. We can assume that the interest in rent of agricultural land will have a growing trend due to revenue arising from the implementation of direct payments under the CAP of the EU.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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