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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Oana COCA, Gavril ȘTEFAN, Marilena MIRONIUC

Innovation in agriculture occurs in response to the requirements of increasing the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, given the intensification of social and political pressures on combating the climate changes effects and ensuring food safety. Through innovation in agriculture is seeking for new solutions to increase the performance of economic entities in this domain and also to ensure sustainable development of the agricultural domain. The conducted research involved, first, a theoretical approach based on reviewing the specialized literature, which allowed, later, devising an empirical study on the relationship innovation - performance in agriculture, at the European Union level (EU-28). To answer the research question, in the study there were used the following data analysis methods: multiple linear regression analysis, correlation analysis, comparative analysis. The main results of the study show that, in most countries, agriculture has recorded performance gains. The highest levels of performance were recorded in those countries characterized by a high rate of investment in research - development and education of agricultural entrepreneurs. From the analysis of statistical relationships between indicators appears a positive influence of innovation on the performance of agriculture. Also, the results show that improving the economic performance is inversely related to the improvement of the environmental performance of agricultural entities, whereas the adoption of measures to minimize the consumptions of inputs does not ensure economic performance as it should be.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Ioana PORUMB, Florin RUSSU, Emanuela FILIP

Production is, perhaps, the most complex trait and, in comparison with other quantitative traits, itis the hardest to evaluate in the early generations of selection, which is primarily due to the highstate of heterozygosity and to the great number of major and minor genes implied in the heredityof this trait. The research undergone reached the conclusion that, in their turn, the elements of production possess a complex heredity. To estimate the effects of heredity gene involved in quantitative characters, yield component, it was used for genetic analysis model proposed by Hayman (1958) and applied by Gamble (1962). In this regard, the averages of the traits from the parental populations and from the geneticpopulations from the lineages were analysed, the following being estimated: additive geneticeffects (a), dominant (d) and the epistatic interactions of the type additive x additive (aa), additivex dominant (ad), dominant x dominant (dd), involved in the heredity of the analysed traits.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Daniela DANA, Irina-Adriana CHIURCIU, Valentina VOICU

The analysis aims to discover what methods can be applied such that the average of winter wheat production per ha would grow. The main objective of this study was to establish the mineral nutrition status of winter wheat in relation with the soil and climatic conditions in the SC Agrotehnic PAULESTI experimental plots. In order to evaluate the mineral nutrition status of plant, the macronutrients have been carried out when the plant, Renan cultivar, reached 4-5 cm height. The obtained data have been interpreted in relation with the optimum ranges of mineral content in dry matter mentioned in the specialty literature. Also, on the basis of soil data, the mineral fertilisation and lime recommendations have been established.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Mihai Alexandru CHIȚEA, Ion DONA

The present paper approaches the evaluation of competitiveness at macro regional level, compared to national level, focusing on Macro-region 1. The methodology is based on a model for the evaluation of the competitiveness of rural areas developed in Croatia, which was adapted to national specificities referring to available statistical data and structure of relevant indices. The preliminary results highlight a macro-regional competitiveness level lower than the national average, due, mainly, to the results obtained by the agricultural and specialization and innovation sectors. The paper represents a follow up of previous researches in the field of territorial competitiveness’s evaluation at county and regional level.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Ovidiu Toma ALBU, Manea DRAGHICI

potential, anthropic, natural, tourism

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Iulia GRADINARU (CRISTEA), Dorina MOCUTA

Through its programs, the EU seeks to mitigate the situation by allocations especially for small and medium farms, those with conditions disfavoring, constraints and even the cessation of certain allowances for holding very large, stimulating young farmers setting up new farms medium sized organization of small farmers in the marketing structures of production, etc. That the great latifundia largely own land on lease and concession and thus land ownership is maintained by the rural population, can be a basic to improve the situation. The purpose of the paper is point out some considerations about agriculture in EU, CAP (common agricultural policy) farm structure using the data provided by Eurostat Database. The EU cohesion policy could be a significant driving engine of economic growth, being supported by the objectives of Europe 2020 Strategy and to obtain the commitment of the member states as regards the application of necessary reforms.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Docas Lola ALABI, Michael FAMAKINWA, Sunday Idowu OGUNJIMI

The study investigated the basic problems confronting the growth of non-farm household-based enterprises among male and female rural entrepreneurs in Osun state, Nigeria and examined the potential prospects of these enterprises to the development of rural economy. Snow ball sampling procedure was employed to select 100 male and 100 female entrepreneurs for the study from four LGAs of the state. Data were described with frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviation while ANOVA was used for inferential purpose. The results show that 55% and 59% of male and female respectively engaged in processing of agricultural produce. The mean ages for male and female entrepreneurs were 44.47 and 45.92 years respectively; the mean household sizes were 6 and 5 persons while the mean monthly net income was N16, 878 and N17,638 for male and female respectively. Identified constraints included shortage of capital (mean=2.36; 2.53), inadequate managerial skill (mean=1.67; 1.83), increasing demand for imported goods (mean=1.62; 1.50) while potential prospects include; serving as income source during agricultural off seasons (mean=4.67; 4.78), employment generation (mean=4.67; 4.78) and poverty alleviation (mean=4.40; 4.34) for male and female respectively. ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in the constraints faced by male and female entrepreneurs and no significant difference in the prospects of the enterprises among male and female respondents. Based on the findings, the study concluded that despite the fact that these enterprises were faced with multiple challenges, they hold great prospects for economic transformation of both male and female entrepreneurs. Opportunities for the growth of these enterprises exist in employing strategies like strong linkage of the entrepreneurs to financial institutions, low interest rate, public re-orientation for indigenous products, provision of adequate infrastructural facilities and entrepreneurial education for skill acquisition. It therefore recommended a holistic intervention of all relevant institutions including finance, education and the government to assist these small business owners to scale up their operation from the subsistence level, thereby enhancing rural entrepreneurship development.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Andriy KYRYLCHUK

Investigations of geographic and bio-lithogenic features of genesis and dissemination of rendzinas in Western region of Ukraine have been conducted. Given soils are intrazonal bio-lithological soils, formed in periodical wash and wash type water regimes, mainly under mixed and broad-leaved forests canopy, with well-developed herbaceous cover on eluvium-diluvium products of chalk, cretaceous marl, and marl, and Upper Baden limestone weathering. It has been stated that the largest overall extension areas of Rendzinas are concentrated in Turiys’k-Rorzhyshchens’k natural area, Volynian Polisya region, Polisya territory. It has been found that rendzinas lie on elevated relief elements (denudation plains, floodplain rivers, watersheds, limestone and chalky remnants, steep and declivous river sloping) where quaternary deposits are washed out and eluvium-diluvium crust of cretaceous marl weathering appear on the surface. Complexity and mosaic of rendzinas bedding in soil cover structure determine optimization character of given soils rational usage in Western Ukrainian region.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Joseph Chimere ONWUMERE, Chinonso Henry ENE, Gideon Chukwunyere NNAMERENWA

Consolidation policy in the Nigerian banking institution is a reform strategy recently adopted by CBN to reposition the banking sector. Consolidation gave birth to merger and acquisition of banks. These were done to achieve improved financial efficiency, forestall operational hardships and expansion bottlenecks. It is against this backdrop that the paper made a trend analysis in government credit to agribusiness, banks’ credit to agribusiness, agribusiness output and number of agribusiness enterprises that accessed the credit through Agricultural Credit Guaranteed Scheme Fund (ACGSF). Data were collected from the published annual reports and accounts of the CBN and were subsequently analyzed applying trend analyses such as exponential trend analysis and quadratic trend analysis through Eview (Econometrical view) packages for management sciences. It was found that government credit allocation, value of banks’ credit allocation to agribusiness, agribusiness output and number of agribusinesses that accessed the credit was higher during the post- merger and acquisitions consolidation policy era than the pre-mergers and acquisitions consolidation policy era. The study concluded that post-merger and acquisition consolidation policy in the Nigerian banking institutions was higher than the pre-merger and acquisition consolidation policy era. The study recommends that banks should be more aggressive in their profit drive for improved financial position to reap the benefit of post- merger and acquisition consolidation bid.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Paul Osu SIMEON, Hemen Emmanuel JIJINGI, D.I. ADAMU

The farming population in the rural areas of Nigeria is in continuous decline due to ageing and the rural-urban migration of the youth in search of education and modernity for a presumably better life style. The governments at national, states and local government areas levels have ill-conceived and ill-operated many agricultural mechanization schemes/programmes extended only to arable crops production and complete exclusion of livestock production, though with the right intentions of mitigating the effects of the scare of drudgery associated with tillage, cereal grains threshing, etc and also for the expansion of production in agriculture. The scare of hard labour is not helped by absence of modern amenities in the rural areas. The “skeletal” appellation is due to the schemes’ great limitation to very narrow aspect of farm mechanization and coincidentally, this study has been limited to South of Taraba State which lies within the Guinea Savannah geographical area of Nigeria. The method adopted is use of structured questionnaire administered by paid agricultural extension agents who were able to have good interactions with the farmers and governments’ machinery service centres (Tractor Hire Units) operators/managers. Descriptive analysis was adopted for the discussion. The outcome reveals a negligible impact of less than 6 % admitted by only 4.6 % of the respondents; and great dissatisfaction among farmers, greed and incompetence among operators as well as bad technical quality plus inappropriate and incomplete machines and implements provided by the governments. This paper highlights points missed by government as well as the areas of abuses due to corrupt tendencies and usual Nigerian factor. The paper ends with call on the government to change the ways the programmes are pursued so as to improve on the situation in view of the food supply and climate change threats to humanity and its possessions.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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