ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper aimed to analyze the dynamics of maize production in Romania and the influence of cultivated area and maize yield on this output, using the empirical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics for the period 2007-2015. The analysis is based on various methods like the chained substitution of factors, and fixed indices, coefficient of correlation and determination, and regression function. In the analyzed period, the cultivated area with maize increased by 3.12 % reaching 2,604 thousand tons in 2015. Romania potential to produce maize is about 12,000 thousand tons, placing the country among the top producers in the EU-28. Maize is the most important cereal crop contributing by 47 % to cereal production. In 2015, maize yield accounted for 3,449 kg/ha being by 126 % higher than in 2007, but tge performance is still very low compared to other EU countries. The main changes in maize production were determined by average maize production (r = 0.968 and R2= 0.9386), and in a weak measure by cultivated surface (r = 0.080 and R2=0.0065. The same aspect relationships were confirmed by the regression functions between these indicators. As a conclusion, maize yield is the key factor increasing production. Maize culture is cultivated in an intensive production system in Romania. Farmers should be on the factors supporting production growth as follows: to use high value certificated maize seeds from hybrids with a higher production potential, to apply the corresponding agricultural works according to the modern technologies, to take into account the need of crop rotation, to assure the corresponding plant density per unit of surface, the adequate doses of fertilizers, to take care of pest control, to assure irrigation and also to assure the insurance of maize culture against climate phenomena. Maize production is important for internal consumption and also for export.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Anișoara DUMA COPCEA, Radu ILEA, Casiana MIHUȚ

The paper aimed to analyze the mechanization of grain maize harvesting using self propelled combines. The John Deere combine of the W series are highly powered, easy to maintain, effective from the point of view of fuel consumption, and available for a wide range of crops and working conditions. The main technical and functional features of John Deere combines of the W series are: Quick cutting, low height sowing platform. Working width between 4.3-10.7 m. Thresher equipped with a beater with 10 beating rails (Ø = 650 mm) ensuring full threshing and low grain breaking percentage. The shaker has a large separation area conferring full recovery of kernels and grains from the straws. The separation system is fed by helix converters avoiding the gliding of matter when harvesting on slope lands. Maize harvesting needs a large amount of labour and it needs to be done in the shortest time, particularly on the plots on which we cultivate winter cereals. There are three phases of ripening in the process of formation and maturation: Milk ripening; Yellow ripening; Full ripening with below 30% moisture. The calculus and making up of grain maize harvesting aggregates led to the conclusion that to ensure maximum working capacity and minimum fuel consumption, the combines must be ensured with the proper means of transport of the crop. The number of transportation should be correlated with hourly productivity and crop transport distances.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Anișoara DUMA COPCEA, Radu ILEA, Casiana MIHUȚ

This paper presents the mechanisation technology of medium soil ploughing 30 cm deep in the soil given that the ploughing area is 100 ha (1000 m x 1000 m) and that the ploughing aggregate is made up of a Deutz Fahr 150 tractor and a LemkenEuropal – 4 reversible born plough. After choosing the movement direction, we identify the turning areas at the ends of the plot. At the beginning, the turning area is market by poles, and then we plough 6-8 cm deep. These marks point to the transport and working position of the plough. The turning areas are worked after the plot is ploughed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Hemen Emmanuel JIJINGI, Paul Osu SIMEON

This paper briefly introduces mechanization and its application to agriculture. One of the main problems facing agricultural mechanization in Benue State is the adoption of mechanization strategies. These are often done by governments and international agencies that do not pay enough attention to the interest of small farmers and to the process of technology change. Other pertinent problems include prevalence of small fragmented farm holdings, high cost of hiring tractors for land/bush clearing; lack of classified data and information on the suitability; adaptability and performance of commercially available agricultural equipment as related to types and conditions of soils, crops and livestock; poor monitoring; inadequate repair and maintenance facilities; difficulties in obtaining spare parts; insufficient trained machinery operators; inadequate research programmes; poor credit facilities; poor maintenance culture; absence of incentives for indigenous design and manufacture of equipment and inadequate infrastructural facilities such an pipe bone water; poor road networks and electricity. The paper examines the actions of government and collaborating international agencies. The work is a scholarly inquiry using secondary data and personal visits of the researcher to Benue State owned Tractor Hiring Units. The result reveals several inadequacies which have promoted failures and meaningless attempt at mechanization in agriculture. The paper concluded that there is need for proper combination of hand tools technology, animal draught technology and mechanical power technology that are moderate enough to be supported by indigenous design, development and manufacture of the most needed tools, machinery and equipment and their spare parts.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Romeo Catalin CRETU, Petrica STEFAN, Dragoş-Marian MATEI

Romania is part of the most important countries in the field of viticulture and wine production. According to statistics our country lies in the fifth place in Europe (after Spain, France, Italy, Portugal) and 11th place in the world (after the four countries mentioned above and the USA, China, Argentina, Chile, Turkey and Iran) [5],[21]. The vine is mentioned in documents on this area since Dacians times. Major ancient historians wrote about wines from this part of world. The leader himself of the greatest Thracian state ever mentioned, Burebista, stopped cultivating vines due the problems created by the effect of the wine over his people. Linking these things: rich wine history and especially the tradition existing in all areas of the country where the vine is cultivated, we have a consistent picture of this beautiful and noble activities.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Daniela CREŢU

In this paper it is showed how to implement the single entry accounting system with a case study in a P.F.A. (authorized natural person) in Călăraşi county, which has as main activity: “Growing of cereals (except rice), of vegetables and plants producing oil seeds” - CAEN code - 0111, which organizes and manages the single entry accounting in compliance with the regulations in force on accounting and complements the journal of receipts and payments, the inventory book and other accounting documents foreseen by the legislation in force on the activity of PFA. It is presented the circuit and how to register and use the financial accounting forms, with concrete data from accounting record of PFA taken into consideration in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of this accounting system, compared with the double entry accounting which requires the application of the regulations valid to economic operators, until and including the level of balance without preparing annual financial statements. Although, according to the new accounting regulations, the natural persons having incomes subject to taxation from agricultural activities, forestry and fisheries, can organize double entry accounting on their option, the analyzed PFA proposed to maintain single entry accounting.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Adel ELMETWALLI, Shimaa SALAH

The goal of this research is to analyze images of strawberry fruits and related the results with chemical properties under using different applications of gibberellic acid and citrate potassium. The work was carried on spring 2016 at private farm in Tanta ELgharbia governorate, Egypt. The chemical properties such as the total soluble solid and anthocyanin was determined under different treatments and related with images indices. The ENVI software package was used to analyze the images of orange fruits and three bands, RGB, (red, green, blue) were derived for each image until obtaining the R, G, B colors then color indices Red/ Green ratio (R/G), hue, intensity (I). The results showed that there are significant correlation with some chemical and color indicators. The results obtained in this research demonstrated that hue, intensity and R/G ratio indices gives understanding about and total soluble solid and anthocyanin.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Raluca FERNEA (ISTOAN), Daniela Lucia MANEA, Daniela Roxana TĂMAȘ-GAVREA, Olimpiu Ioan MIRON

The research was based on the identification of several products from industrial plants made for the constructions sector and able to satisfy the needs of supporting the farming sector and a sustainable economy. Building friendly environmentally materials today are only possible if the products are based on renewable resources. The natural resources will help the construction industry to reduce the pollution and to be more eco-friendly. Trying to develop new materials the present paper is focus on hemp products. The first part present the raw materials used for the new composite products based on hemp and polyvinyl acetate and the second part of the paper show the results obtain for sound absorption coefficient, reaction to fire and mechanical strengths. The hemp products will have a positive impact on the environment reducing the emission of CO2 and also will help to preserve natural resources.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Aliona ȘARGO, Elena TIMOFTI

In economic science, economic growth represented a prime topic because by solving the problems in this area it was hoped to achieve the strengthening of the state and increase of its wealth and welfare. All this led to the establishment in the economic field, of an important segment of research, namely, the theory of economic growth that is required to develop rules for optimal use of limited resources, as well as means of achieving nation’s welfare. As in other sectors of the national economy, a series of indicators are present in agriculture that directs the economic growth of the sector, but that can not be monitored in order to ensure a stable economic growth. The state can control such factors as the volume of investments in agriculture, subsidies, customs duties on agricultural products and bank interest, while parameters of external agricultural markets and climatic natural conditions can neither be controlled nor directed by the authorities. But in spite of this, there are a number of important factors by which the state can contribute to the economic growth of the agricultural sector and the country as a whole.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 1
Written by Radiana-Maria TAMBA-BEREHOIU, Luminiţa VIŞAN, Mira TURTOI, Vasilica SIMION, Ciprian Nicolae POPA

The paper aimed to analyze the quality of some minced meat assortments, namely: pork minced meat, beef minced meat, pork-beef minced meat mixture and traditional sausages paste, which are often sold on the Romanian market. Moisture (%), fat (%), easily hydrolysable nitrogen (NH3), total nitrogen (% protein), collagen content (%) and the C/P (collagen/protein) ratio were analyzed during experiments. Differences with varying degrees of significance were identified between quality parameters of minced meat assortments (Student test). Significant differences were found between the samples of minced meat and traditional sausages paste, regarding humidity (%), fat (%), easily hydrolysable nitrogen (NH3) and total nitrogen (protein%).Traditional sausages paste has significantly elevated values of fat (%) and easily hydrolysable nitrogen (%) when compared with pork minced meat (3.369**, 16.010***), beef minced meat (9.255***, 16.979***) and pork-beef minced meat mixture (7.277***, 17.364***); instead, it has the lowest protein content when compared with pork minced meat (6.677***), beef minced meat (13.174***) and pork-beef minced meat mixture (5.983***). We find that all the formed significant correlations have particularized minced meat assortments, because of the fact that some of the assortments did not show significant correlations between the same quality parameters, for example in the pork – beef minced meat mixture, where fat correlated to collagen (r = -0.621*) and to C/P ratio (r = 0.731**), easily hydrolyzable nitrogen (NH3) correlated to C/P ratio (r = 0.538*) and also protein correlated to collagen (r = 0.604*). All observed correlations, with varying degrees of significance, constituted peculiarities of minced meat assortments taken for analysis.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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