ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Khairul Hisyam KAMARUDIN, Mohamad Fadhli RASHID

This paper examines the factors of smallholders’ persistence in the rural area of Malaysia based on a case study of rice farming community in Parit 6 (East) village in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Information for this paper are derived from in-depth interviews with key informants and series of field observation conducted in July and August 2017. The findings from the fieldwork highlights four major factors for smallholders’ persistence which are strongly associated with strong and influential internal and external support systems including; (1) strong engagement and supports from various government agencies which include systematic distribution of subsidy and development grants, and development of irrigation infrastructure, (2) legality of land ownership, (3) farmers’ ability in utilizing capital to expand local economic and improve quality of life and, (4) diversification of economic activities through farming and non-farming projects. The paper could offer valuable insights particularly in understanding some of the underlying factors for smallholders’ persistence and sustainability particularly in the case of rice farming community in rural areas.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Olaoluwa Ayodeji ADEBAYO, Oluwakemi Enitan FAPOJUWO, Ebunlola OMOLE, Hafsah Laraba MOHAMMED, Deji JOSHUA, Jude CHIKEZIE

Individual job satisfaction enhancement alongside gender differences determination could lead to improvements and innovations which is often linked to organisational commitment, turnover intentions and absenteeism in the workplace. This study examined the gender differences and job satisfaction of the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria employees, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 226 (160 male and 66 female) employees in the study organisation. Primary data were obtained on respondents’ personal characteristics and job satisfaction through the use of a structured questionnaire. Job satisfaction was constructed around Herzberg’s motivation theory and measured through employee perceptions of extrinsic and intrinsic job characteristics. Percentages, means and Paired-Samples T-Test were used for data analysis. Results showed that the mean age of the employees, their household size, work experience and annual income were 40 years, 4 persons, 9 years and ₦1,272,635 respectively while 87.2% of them were married. The findings revealed that age (t = -3.53), household size (t = -2.83), income (t = -6.65), extrinsic (hygiene factor) motivation (t = 3.05) and job satisfaction (t = 1.81) significantly vary (p < 0.05) between female and male employees in the organisation. The study concluded that with respect to the gender status of the employees, the organisation should consider employees’ personal characteristics, motivation factors and job satisfaction attributes by the way they are derived to realize predictable positive organisational results as gender has to do with one’s enthusiasm and fulfilment.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Ornella MIKUS, Ramona FRANIC, Tajana RADIC, Tihana KOVACICEK

The integration process of candidate and potential candidate countries for the EU causes confusion and scepticism among different stakeholders, which often leads to missing out on accession opportunities. Although NMS are able to achieve economic growth by joining the EU, membership success also depends on the initial agricultural structure, local and national policy, pre-accession and post-accession measures, education, vocational training, development of the non-farm rural economy and institutional environment. Croatia, as the newest EU member state, has been experiencing certain issues in the implementation of CAP measures. Using thematic references dealing with the issues of the CAP and harmonization of NMS and conducting interviews among stakeholders in Croatia through focus groups during the pre-accession and membership period, the goals of this paper were to determine: (1) the understanding of the CAP principles and adjustments of national agricultural policies (2) the effects of policy results on national agriculture and further expectations (3) the state of policy learning and dialogue. These results could serve agricultural policy scholars as contribution to the analysis of integration policies and decision makers to avoid misunderstandings when implementing new agricultural policy measures.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Leontii KHMELNYCHYI, Victoria VECHORKA, Anatolyi SALOHUB, Serhii KHMELNYCHYI, Igor RUBTSOV

The heritability of linear type traits and phenotypic correlations between them and milk yield of cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White (URW) and Black-and-White (UBW) dairy breeds was evaluated. Cows firstborn were estimated on the 100-point scale by such group traits: dairy type, body, limbs, udder and final score. 18 individual descriptive traits have been taken into account on a 9-point scale. By reliable significance confirmed sufficient degree of genetic determination group and most descriptive linear traits of URW cows (h2 = 0.288-0.426 and h2 = 0.1610.422) and UBW (h2 = 0.262-0.453 and h2 = 0.128-0.434) testifying about feasibility and efficiency of mass selection dairy cattle by conformation. A reliable level (P <0.001) of positive correlation was determined between traits of dairy type URW and UBW (r = 0.412 and 0.468), body (r = 0.433 and 0.487) and udder (r = 0.453 and 0.474) and milk yield for 305 days of lactation. A reliable positive correlation was found between the final score and the yield value (r = 0.465 and 0.494). Lower correlation was found between limb condition and milk yield in URW and UBW cows, respectively (r = 0.122; P <0.01 and r = 0.205; P <0.001). Positive genetic association with milk yield was determined by the following descriptive traits of the type in URW and UBW, respectively: height (r = 0.312 and 0.278), body depth (r = 0.288 and 0.404), angularity (r = 0.504 and 0.486), rump width ( r = 0.252 and 0.374), pelvic limb posture (r = 0.354 and 0.384), front udder attachment (r = 0.466 and 0.455), rear udder attachment height (r = 0.325 and 0.373), central ligament (r = 0.278 and 0.267) and locomotion (r = 0.286 and 0.275). A negative and reliable correlation was found between the trait of fatness (BCS) and yield, which was -0.366 and -0.389, respectively (P <0.001). Reliable correlation variability of group and most descriptive conformation traits with milk yield for the first lactation confirmed the possibility of unilateral breeding of dairy cattle by type.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Silviu BECIU, Georgiana Armenița ARGHIROIU, Răzvan PANAIT

This paper was focused on the study of one of the main driver of Regional Development in Romania, the REGIO program, being analysed the efficiency of its implementation in all the Romanian Regions of Development. The study was made from the point of view of the projects that were accessed within the Romanian counties that belongs to one region or another. The method was based on REGIO data analysis, and the results indicated significant regional disparities and various mobilization at the county and regional level in EU fund accessing which justify the GDP growing trends within the regions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Silviu Ionuţ BEIA, Mariana BRAN, Romeo Catalin Creţu, Iulian ALECU, Violeta Elena BEIA, Silviu Viorel ANDREI

The African swine fever (ASF) represents one of the most dangerous infectious diseases of swines, with often acute manifestations and high morbidity. It is widely known that the disease has become common among domestic pigs and also that there are no effective vaccines or treatments to fight the virus. Despite the fact that this issue benefits from an increased interest in the established international literature, as well as at the level of the European Union legislation, in Romania there is a reduced degree of academic, as well as legislative attention in this regard. Especially in the context of the outbreaks in Romania and in Bulgaria in the current year, there is a need for increased awareness at both levels, which should be reflected in new, substantive legislative measures to keep the phenomenon under control. The paper considers a comparative analysis between the EU legislation on the ASFV and that of Romania, in order to outline both the areas of improvement of the Romanian legislation and the influences on the rural economy. The present undertaking concludes with a series of personal reflections in this regard, pointing to future prospects for public policies in order to limit the spread of African swine fever virus.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Marianna VASILCHENKO, Ivan SANDU

Creating a highly productive export-oriented agricultural sector of the economy and increasing the efficiency of agricultural production in agriculture is possible on the basis of stimulating innovation and investment. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of investment resources on the activation of innovative processes on the example of the livestock industry and to develop recommendations for increasing the innovation and investment activity of agriculture in the context of the formation of an export-oriented economy. The author’s paradigm of increasing innovation and investment activity in the agricultural sector of the economy is formed on the basis of the concept of NIS, diffusion of innovations, as well as theories of structural transformation of the economy. As a result of the analysis and evaluation of the innovation and investment development of agriculture, tendencies have been identified for increasing innovative activity and the imbalance between the existing innovative potential and the effectiveness of its use. Differentiation of regions by the level of provision with investments in fixed assets in agriculture was carried out, interregional differences were revealed. The developed author's methodology for assessing the level of innovation of the livestock industry in the Russian regions will allow us to formulate approaches to improving the structural investment policy. The practical significance of the results of the study is to develop a scheme for the development of organizational and economic support for increasing innovation activity in the context of the formation of an export-oriented agricultural sector of the economy.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Adriana MOREA, Roxana VIDICAN, Ioana CRIȘAN, Mirela CIREBEA

In last few years agritourism sector in Romania showed a constant expansion and number of arrivals in agritourist accommodation units exceeded for the first time 1 million in 2018. Romanians still represent majority of customers accounting for more than 90% of tourists while foreigners accounted for only around 8%. Majority of foreign tourist were from EU countries by nationality were Hungarians, Germans, French, Polish and Italians. Data indicate that largest number of foreigners visited farms from macroregion I of development which corresponds to Transylvania and Crișana historical areas. Within this macroregion, Romanians preferred agritourist accommodations from county Brașov while foreign tourists showed preference for the ones from Harghita and Sibiu. Five counties display consistent positive trend between studied interval both for native and foreign tourists: Bihor, Cluj, Alba, Harghita and Covasna. Diversification of recreational and leisure possibilities provided on farms as well as outsourcing digital advertising could enhance the success of this enterprise.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Olga SARBU, Liliana CIMPOIES

Human capital and labor are important factors for economic growth and social progress. Labor growth is one of the core components of economic growth. For any society, ensuring the fullest and most productive employment of the labor force is economic policy’s major objective. Being a derivative market, the labor market fully reflects the national economy successes or failures. The instability of the economic indicators, the diminution of the population’s standard of living and quality of life lead to a regress in the labor market. This situation is reflected in the dynamics of the employment indicators. The aim of this study is to analyze the underutilization of the labor force in the Republic of Moldova as a social and economic problem. This research is based on the analysis of the current legislative, normative acts in the Republic of Moldova. The analytical indicators calculations were made based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS), National Agency for Labor Force Employment (NALFE). The study was carried out through a systemic approach, being applied the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis, synthesis, systematic methods and static analysis.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 1
Written by Maria BĂLA, Florin SALA

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of biostimulators and growth substrates on rooting of cuttings, in order to improve the vegetative propagation through cuttings in Hibiscus rosa sinensis L.. Three varieties of Hibiscus (red flowers - R, yellow flowers - Y, and orange flowers - O), two growth biostimulators (Radistim - R, and Atonic - A) and four rooting substrates were used (sand - S1, sand:perlite - S2, sand:peat - S3, sand:peat: perlite - S4). From the combination of the three variables (biological material, biostimulators, and rooting substrates) resulted in 24 experimental variants. Cluster analysis facilitated for each studied hibiscus genotype obtaining a dendrogram in statistical safety conditions, depending on the favorable response given in quality indices of vegetative propagation, as rooting and root length. In the case of the red hibiscus variety, there was a high affinity between R.S2.R (LSD0.5%) and R.S4.A (LSD5%), and between R.S3.R (LSD5%) and R.S3.A (LSD5%) variants, under conditions of Coph.corr = 0.899. In the case of the yellow hibiscus variety, a high affinity was found between Y.S4.R (LSD5%) and Y.S4.A (0.1%), and between Y.S2.R (LSD0.5%) and Y.S2.A (LSD5%) variants, in conditions of Coph.corr = 0.809. In the case of the orange hibiscus variety, there was a high affinity between O.S4.R (LSD0.5%) and O.S4.A (0.5%), respectively between O.S2.R ad O.S2.A (LSD0.5%) variants, under conditions of Coph.corr = 0.859. By PCA analisys, PC1 explained 76.122% of variance and PC2 explained 23.878% of variance, and was obtained a distribution chart and a breakdown of variants in relation to the quality indices of the rooting process.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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