ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Jessa H. RUALES, Moises Neil V. SERIÑO, Therese C. RATILLA, Jacob G. CUIZON, Wendy C. ENERLAN

Small scale coconut farmers are facing unprecedented challenges when attempting to increase productivity because of the occurrence of extreme weather events and changing climatic conditions. This paper investigates the practices adopted by coconut farmers in response to climate variability and assesses the agricultural practice using an investment lens to evaluate its profitability and potential for scaling up. We use farmers’ survey data complemented with focus group discussion and key informant interviews. Results show that investing in coconut banana intercropping and the use of improved coconut variety are among the potential options that the farmers can adopt. The comparison of these climate smart agricultural practices to conventional coconut farming shows positive incremental benefit and the financial analysis yields positive net present value and higher internal rate of return. These suggest that the adoption of climate smart agricultural practices generates higher farm productivity compared to the conventional farming system. This implies that there is a high potential for improving coconut productivity through scaling up of these feasible options that small-scale farmers can adopt. Considering the capacities of local farming communities, there is a broad scope for government and non-government organizations in enhancing the role of climate smart agricultural practices in coconut farming.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Jude CHIKEZIE, Olaoluwa Ayodeji ADEBAYO, E. Olushola ADEDEJI, Olabode L. OMOTAYO, Deji A. JOSHUA, Gbemiga T. KOLAWOLE, John ONIHUNWA

Job satisfaction is an aggregate of employees’ consideration on the sort of work they accomplish, the tasks that make up their activities and work conditions. This study surveyed the job satisfaction of employees in private tourism organizations in Osun State, Nigeria. The technique used in selecting two hundred and eighty six employees in the study area was achieved by using the multistage sampling method. Primary data were picked up on employees’ job satisfaction via a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and mean score were used for to analyse the data. Major employees’ intrinsic (motivator) factors identified were: responsibility (x̅ = 4.31), the work itself (x̅ = 4.15) and recognition (x̅ = 4.13) while major employees’ extrinsic (hygiene) factors identified were: security (x̅ = 4.2), quality of supervision (x̅ = 4.2) and relationship with peers (x̅ = 4.12). The result showed that there was a substantial difference (F = 15.973, p <0.05) in the job satisfaction of employees through the segments of the private tourism organizations. The study established that the job satisfaction of employees are not the similar crosswise the private tourism organizations in the study area. It was suggested that the studied organizations should create better opportunities for personal growth of employees in their organization by ensuring that their work load is manageable.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Ancuţa BĂRBIERU

Lavinia F is a winter pea (Pisum Sativum L.) cultivar created at National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea (NARDI), egistered in 2020 and obtained through sexual hybridization and selected by pedigree method from Dorica/Checo hybrid population. The new ntry is of aphyla type, with an early vegetation period, of 213-216 days. Is was released based on superior agronomic adaptation, winter ardiness and tolerance to harsh winter condition. The plant height ranges between 70 and 90 cm, with a good resistance to lodging, better esistance to diseases, drought and pests. The flower color is white, with spherical, smooth grains and yellow pericarp. It is a high yield ariety with an improved level of quality. A good yield potential was estimated in newly developed Lavinia F cultivar 4210 kg/ha in 2018 and 017 kg/ha in 2019, in Ludus. The Thousand Grains Weight (TGW) of the winter pea cultivar analysed during 2018-2019 varied between 204 g ( ogealac) and 235 g (Luduș) in 2018, and in 2019 between 166 g (Negresti) and 229 g (Inand). The objective of the present study was to escribe a new culture in Romania, which is sowed in autumn, namely Lavinia F the new cultivar of winter pea. The results presented in this paper show that the first cultivar of winter pea is adapted to climate conditions in Romania and will be a new hallenge for farmers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Daniela SIMTION

Claims related to investments may be a source of tax evasion by granting a loan to a daughter company (in which the parent company holds a majority interest rate) with a higher or lower interest * depending on the need to transfer value between companies, by the limit of expenses allowed by the tax law, as well as other interests, such as the need to cover the interest expenses from the financial and other incomes of the debtor company. Starting from the above, a very large number of value transfer strategies can be conceived between companies belonging to the same holding (a company that holds the majority interest in several companies). This paper refers to the classic case of tax evasion through loans between companies of the same holding company, including those in the agricultural field.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Felix Odemero ACHOJA

Cases of loan diversion among small scale poultry farmer borrowers in Nigeria have occupied central position in both scientific and public debates in recent times. The study examines the evidence of loan diversion as it affects the productivity of poultry farms and the need for extension financial literacy advisory services in Nigeria. Two hundred and forty respondents were randomly selected using multiple stage method. Quantitative and qualitative data were primarily obtained using questionnaire. Parametric and non-parametric statistical tools were used to analyze data. The finding of the study revealed that the surveyed poultry farmers were male (70.42%) with an average age of 46 years, married and operated small scale farms. A good number of the surveyed farmers (86.67%) had obtained loan and diverted varying amounts of the loans. The test of hypothesis indicates that loan diversion exerts a negative and significant effect on poultry agribusiness growth (P< 0.05). Loan diversion is a significant determinant of loan default rate of poultry agribusiness (P< 0.05). The study recommends that poultry farmers should be made to access extension financial literacy advisory services. They should utilize loans for the intended purpose of enhancing poultry productivity and wealth creation in Nigeria.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Filiz BASAGAOGLU

In this research, smoothing methods and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method for predicting producer milk prices in Turkey is implemented. Holt-Winters multiplicative (HWM) method and Holt-Winters additive (HWA) method are included in the exponential smoothing methods. Producer milk prices data belong to January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2019 period and gathered from the Turkish Statistical Institute. According to the given results, OLS method is fitted the data and has good root mean square error (RMSE) and determination coefficients (R2).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Florin SALA

The study analyzed the interdependence relationship of the production with the physiological indices in vines, under conditions of differentiated fertilization (organic, mineral and foliar fertilizers). The study was carried out within the Fruit and Vine Research Center of BUSAMV Timisoara, 2011-2012 period. Biological material was represented by the 'Silvania' grape variety. Organic fertilizers (manure), complex fertilizers (NPK, 1:1:1), and foliar fertilizers (Fertitel, Cropmax, Waterfert, Calcium chloride) were used. By applying fertilizing resources, 12 experimental variants (T2 - T13) were obtained, and a control variant T1 (Ct) was used. Physiological indices (leaf area - LA, chlorophyll content - Chl), yield per plant (Ypl) and yield per ha (Yha) were determined. The interdependence relationship between LA and Chl was described by a polynomial relation of degree 2, under conditions of R2=0.899, p<<0.001. Regression analysis led to obtaining some models of variation of Ypl depending on LA (R2=0.913, p<<0.001), Ypl according to Chl (R2=0.929, p<<0.001), Yha depending on LA (R2=0.907, p<<0.001), and Yha depending on Chl respectively (R2=0.934, p<<0.001). Multiple regression analysis led to models that described the Ypl and Yha variation depending on the two physiological indices as simultaneous action. Models of the type y = f(x,y) were obtained, under statistical safety conditions (R2=0.998, p<<0.001 for Ypl, and for Yha). Within PCA, PC1 explained 96.806% of variance, and PC2 explained 1.6334% of variance. Cluster analysis led to the grouping of variants under statistical safety conditions (Coph.corr. = 0.843).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Florin SALA

The production variation in relation to fertilizers with N and PK was analyzed. The study was conducted on rapeseed. Four levels of fertilization with PK (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg a.s. ha-1) and three levels of fertilization with N were performed (0, 70, 140 kg a.s. ha-1). The combination of doses resulted in 12 experimental variants, which ensured the differentiated nutrition of the plants. Production ranged from 986.88 kg ha-1 (V1), and 3,167.33 kg ha-1 (V9). The variation of production was described by a function of type Y = f (N, PK), in conditions of statistical certainty (R2=0.976, p<0.001). From the analysis of the values of the production increase given by N and PK, it was found that, with the increase of N doses, in the studied interval, the contribution of PK to the production increase was more and higher. Regarding PCA, PC1 explained 99.244% of variance, and PC2 explained 0.65613% of variance. The PCA diagram highlighted the distribution of the considered variants, in relation to the attributes of the experiment, N, PK and Y. The cluster analysis facilitated the grouping of variants based on Euclidean distances, in conditions of statistical safety, Coph. corr. = 0.762. Based on similarity and distance indices (SDI) the highest degree of similarity was identified between variants V2 and V12 (SDI = 11.49), followed by variants V8 and V11 (SDI = 31.71), and variants V6 and V7, respectively (SDI = 100.6).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Asaad DERBALA, Adel HELAL, Amina ALBEBANY

The dissimilarity in the engineering characteristics of white mold which leads a difficulty in soybean seeds separating , this difference in the engineering characteristics of the white mold constructions differ according to the degree of infection and the period of storage, which results in irregularly from wide range in shaped white mold constructions which leads to the separation efficiency decreases and repetition of the separation processes. The aim of the study is to decide the engineering properties of American soybean seeds and white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) imported from the USA to Egypt. The experimental work was carried out until 2018 in the Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt. The engineering properties can be used in the design and development of handling, transportation, storage and separation equipment. Seed dimensions were tested at moisture levels between 8.85 and 12.30% (wet basis). The results showed that by changing the moisture content the average dimensions of the soybean seeds were changed, respectively, from 5.39 mm to 5.96 mm, and the width from 4.76 mm to 5.16 mm. Thickness changes from 3.98mm to 4.38mm. The size is 55.8 to 71.93mm3, the average geometric diameter is from 4.66 to 5.05mm. Arithmetic average diameter from 4.7 to 5.10 mm. Sphericity decreased from 86.94 to 85.10%. Also, the surface area changed from 68.29 to 80.17 mm 2. On the other hand, the dimensions of the hardening of the white mold ranged according to the place imported, with the length ranging from 5.85 to 20.31 mm, the width from 1.32 to 4.39 mm, the thickness from 0.88 to 3.07 mm, and the size from 9.75 to 75.19 mm3, the mean geometric diameter from 2.64 to 5.22 mm, the arithmetic mean of diameter from 3.02 to 8.07 mm and spherical diameter from 15.98 to 58.81%. Also, the surface ranged from 22 to 85.85 mm 2. These results showed that the difference between the physical properties of soybeans and white rot is not strong in terms of length, width and thickness in this case, which impedes the separation processes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Valentina TRETIAK, Valeriy LYASHYNSKYY, Nataliia TRETIAK, Nataliіa KAPINOS

The article is devoted to the study of non-traditional agricultural land use, as the basis for rural development due to increased capitalization and socialization of land use. As a result, we analyzed the efficiency of agricultural land use in selected European countries and in Ukraine. A comparison of the added value created per area unit with the value of agricultural land is also presented, which noted that the capitalization and socialization of agricultural land use depends on the proportion of high-margin crops in the structure of crops production area. The authors present indicators of the effectiveness of the use of agricultural lands of Ukraine by agricultural enterprises, farms and households in monetary value. This allowed us to state that it is important for farmers and households to cultivate high margin crops, including niche ones. Since such crops, as a rule, are quite resource-intensive in cultivation and their production for large-scale farms is costly, and for small farms it is profitable, because it not only increases the profitability of land use, but also its value.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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