ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Ivan PRYMAK, Yriy FEDORUK, Mykola GRABOVSKYI, Mykola LOZINSKYI, Tatiana LOZINSKA, Nataliia PRYSIAZHNIUK, Igor POKOTYLO, Nataliia FEDORUK, Inna PANCHENKO, Taras PANCHENKO

The efficiency of four systems of basic soil tillage and four systems of crop fertilization of five-field crop rotation was studied. Areas of cultivation options were systematically placed in one tier, and fertilizers – in four tiers in a row. Plowing was carried out with a plow, tillage with a deep cultivator, and shallow plowing with a heavy disc harrow. The highest yields of soybeans, winter wheat and corn were under mouldboard, and sunflower and spring barley – under mouldboardless tillage in crop rotation. Under systematic mouldboardless and disk tillage in crop rotation, the yield of all crops decreased significantly, and with increasing fertilizer rates, the difference between these cultivation options and control increased. Crop rotation productivity was almost at the same level under mouldboard and mouldboardless tillage; under the other studied options it was significantly lower. In terms of economic and energy efficiency, under differentiated cultivation the advantage was with the application of 12 tons of manure per hectare of arable land + N95P82K72. In terms of crop rotation productivity, mouldboard and differentiated tillage were equivalent, and in terms of economic and energy efficiency, the latter exceeded control. For all four variants of tillage in crop rotation, the highest energy efficiency coefficient was recorded for the annual application of 12 tons of manure per hectare of arable land + N95P82K72.

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PRYMAK I., FEDORUK Y., GRABOVSKYI M., LOZINSKYI M., LOZINSKA T., PRYSIAZHNIUK N., POKOTYLO I., FEDORUK N., PANCHENKO I., PANCHENKO T. 2022, PRODUCTIVITY, ECONOMIC AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF SHORT CROP ROTATION UNDER DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF BASIC TILLAGE AND FERTILIZATION IN THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 617-626.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Anca TULBURE

In view of obtaining high-grade and competitive products, food industry manufacturers, as well as others, place the client, the consumer, at the top of the quality pyramid. The application of the Customer Orientation principle is essential. For the product “gingerbread”, the subject of this work, textural analysis is used as a survey method, to improve the quality of the product. Gingerbread manufacturers, aiming to satisfy the clients’ requirements, study the behaviour of the products developed by using various ingredients, in different proportions, with various maturation times and with water activities originating from different moisture levels of the product. Such values are intended to particularize the product and to assign it better quality and preservability during the validity term. Thus, in this survey, wheat flour was replaced with rye flour in different percentages, and the dough obtained was left to mature for 30, and respectively 150 minutes. The textural properties of the finished product were analysed, having an impact on the consumer, namely hardness, strength, and resilience. These parameters subject to analysis can be considered quality indicators for gingerbread. It was determined that the replacement of wheat flour with rye flour to a certain percentage leads to minimum toughness of the product. Corelations were made with maturation times, as well as with the moisture of the product. Maturation processes are complex, and the effects of the various factors considered are contradictory.

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TULBURE A. 2022, QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR THE PRODUCT GINGERBREAD, A STUDY REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF RYE FLOUR ON THE PRODUCT’S TEXTURAL CHARACTERISTICS . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 767-772.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Anca TULBURE, Cristina-Anca DANCIU

Quality management reflects on the product gingerbread by applying the Customer Orientation and the Continuous Improvement principles, also by analysing and developing the product in terms of the influence exerted by the various quantities of ingredients and the use of dough maturation.The presented study made corelations between the physical and chemical parameters of the finished products and the rheological characteristics of doughs. Dough with varying wheat and rye flour ratios were made, being left to mature for 30 and respectively 150 minutes. Corelations were made between the specific volume of the product and the rheological characteristics of the doughs. The dough’s consistency measured with the farinograph after 10 minutes of mixing and the widening percentage of the gingerbread in the baking process were corelated. The variation of the dough’s volume during maturation was studied after 30 minutes of maturation, respectively 150 minutes of maturation. The results obtain inform with regard to the influence that the rye flour ratio has on the distortion of the product during baking, on the consistency of the dough and on the specific volume.

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TULBURE A., DANCIU C.A. 2022, QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR THE PRODUCT GINGERBREAD, CORELATIONS BETWEEN THE PRODUCT’S PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND THE RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DOUGHS . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 761-766.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Gulay OZKAN, Ismail Bulent GURBUZ

Rural tourism has an increasing share of the country's tourism income and significantly contributes to the rural economy. Intensive research has been conducted on how Covid-19 affects the tourism industry and the challenges and opportunities the sector face. Although the rise of rural tourism is frequently highlighted post-Covid-19, research examining the satisfaction levels of visitors involved in rural tourism is almost nonexistent. The study's main aim is to determine customers' satisfaction levels from rural activities in and around the İznik District of Bursa province and to recommend improvement. We obtained data from a structured survey conducted with 408 people who visited İznik at least once. SPSS 23 program was also used to analyze the data obtained. Results show that visitors' satisfaction with nature and the environment is above average, and their satisfaction with the services provided is below average. The most critical dissatisfaction was the increasing environmental pollution, the loss of natural beauty, the local government's inability to do the necessary cleaning and maintenance work, and the lack of introductory information in places with historical and natural characteristics. Participants wanted to stay in caravans and tents rather than hotels and suggested expanding and improving those facilities. They suggested that local textures are preserved, and more local food and beverages are offered. The suggestion shows that visitors demand integrating more with nature, local life and historical texture.

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OZKAN G., GURBUZ I.B. 2023, QUIET AND BLESSED: RURAL TOURISM EXPERIENCE AND VISITOR SATISFACTION IN THE SHADOW OF COVID-19 AND BEYOND. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 531-544.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Emanuela LUNGU, Maria-Magdalena TUREK-RAHOVEANU

Pedoclimatic elements and smart technology act simultaneously on the biological processes of agricultural crops and on the level of harvest, which requires the study of their correlation to determine the continuous influence of these factors in obtaining the planned levels of production. In Romania, annually, over 2.1 million hectares of wheat are cultivated, with annual productions of over 10 million tons, placing wheat crops in the first place as economic importance. Knowing the management of natural resources in quantitative terms is especially valuable when we talk about their sustainable use. Our evaluation includes in this paper the relationship between the pedoclimatic resources of South-Eastern Romania and the zoning of wheat varieties in order to obtain superior quantitative and qualitative productions. The last 11 agricultural years are analyzed, both in terms of the influence of global warming and in terms of wheat zoning to obtain sustainable production to highlight the genetic potential of the varieties under the conditions of the Brailei Plain. A stability of the varieties Glosa, Miranda, Litera (varieties over 15 years old) was observed, but not least of the new ones created by the National Research and Development Institute from Fundulea such as: Pitar, Ursita, Adelina, Izvor.

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LUNGU E., TUREK-RAHOVEANU M.M. 2023, RESEARCH ON AGROECOLOGICAL ZONING FOR WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) IN SOUTH-EASTERN ROMANIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 363-372.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Anișoara DUMA COPCEA, Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB, Casiana MIHUȚ, Lucian NIȚĂ, Simona NIȚĂ, Teodor MATEOC, Adalbert OKROS, Natalia MOCANU

The aim of this work is weed control by cutting, pulling from the ground and covering with a thin layer of ground, where they can regenerate. The good preparation of the germination bed allows the seed to be covered with a well-aerated, heated soil layer and stand on a more stable and favourably humid soil. The lack of weeds and vegetable residues on the surface of the soil and on the depth of the germination bed gives it the appropriate quality to be sown. The preparation works of the germination bed were carried out at the "December 3, 1990" commercial company from Periam, Timiș County, Romania. The main methods utilized to optimize the use of agricultural aggregates are mathematical programming, direct calculus solutions, and operating nomograms. The purpose of the secondary works performed after ploughing consists in the crushing of soil clogs and of structural soil macro-aggregates in order to carry out the sowing. For the execution of the mechanised scarification works, the preparation of the germination bed and of maize sowing, the types of tractors are chosen according to the technological process of the works and to the biological properties of the crops, depending on the following indicators: light, gauge, size of equipment, plot size, energy consumption of agricultural machines, state of the land, humidity, and manoeuvrability. Soil works have been an integral part of agriculture since the beginnings of farming and they have served several important goals: the preparation of the germination bed, the reduction of soil compaction to increase aeration and allow the root system to develop optimally, the reduction of weeding, the incorporation of fertilizers and amendments, and the management of plant debris. Following the study, we can conclude that the optimization of the use of agricultural aggregates in operation contributes to the reduction of the production expenses, of the specific fuel and material consumption, and of the labour requirement.

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DUMA COPCEA A., MATEOC-SIRB N., MIHUT C., NITA L., NITA S., MATEOC T., OKROS A., MOCANU N. 2022, RESEARCH ON INCREASING WORK EFFICIENCY IN THE MECHANISATION OF GERMINATION BED PREPARATION WORKS . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 209-216.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Ozlem TURAN, Ozgecan KADAGAN, Ismail Bulent GURBUZ

The main purpose in agricultural production is to get the highest yield from the unit area. The prerequisite for obtaining high efficiency is the right fertilizer consumption. The basic element of obtaining the highest income from production is balanced fertilization. Factors such as the type, amount and time of use of the fertilizer directly affects yield. Thus, in order for the producer to use fertilization in a balanced method, it is necessary to give the soil an appropriate amount and type of fertilizer by making a soil analysis. This research aims to determine the tendencies of the producers in Bursa to have soil analysis performed. For this purpose, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 388 producers. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted with SPSS 25.0. 38.9% of the producers are between the ages of 36-45. Educational status is only literate at the rate of 66.8%. According to the test results, 82.2% of the producers do not use soil analysis for their lands. It is seen that the producers who have soil analysis have the analysis done to learn the fertilizer need of the crop they will plant the most and they trust the results of the analysis. It has also been observed that the producers do not have sufficient information about soil analysis. This is due to the low level of education of the producers. The increase in the trainings that will raise the awareness of the producers and free soil analysis will encourage the producers to analyze. The main thing is that this factor, which directly affects production, such as soil analysis, should be made compulsory for all producers.

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TURAN O., KADAGAN O., GURBUZ I.B. 2023, RESEARCH ON THE ADOPTION OF SOIL ANALYSIS APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL ENTITIES. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 853-860.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Nela DRAGOMIR, George Claudiu TOMA, Violeta Alexandra ION, Andreea BARBU, Aurora DOBRIN, Andrei MOT, Viorica LAGUNOVSCHI-LUCHIAN

A vegetable with a high nutritional value and with a low cost of cultivation makes the pumpkin a coveted candidate as a functional ingredient in obtaining bakery products with a special destination. The aim of the work was to carry out a study on the introduction of pumpkin flesh (Cucurbita maxima), obtained in an ecological system, in the production of gluten-free products intended for people with metabolic or allergic problems. Fresh and baked pumpkin pulp was analyzed from a chemical and biochemical point of view. The demand for vegetable ingredients that add value to a food product has increased a lot recently. Also, the demand for bakery products is increasing, especially for products specific to a certain segment of vulnerable consumers. The obtained results showed that protein content for Cucurbita maxima pumpkin flesh is 23.06% for the fresh version and 15.51% for the baked version; and the fiber content of the analyzed samples is 10.794% for the pumpkin pulp and 7.623% for the baked pumpkin pulp. Regarding total phenolic, values of phenolic compounds found in our research, are 36.03 mg/100g for pumpkin flesh and 40.40mg/100g for pumpkin flesh. A high of value total phenolic compounds will have a major impact on bakery products.

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DRAGOMIR N., TOMA G.C., ION V.A., BARBU A., DOBRIN A., MOT A., LAGUNOVSCHI-LUCHIAN V. 2022, RESEARCH ON THE CHEMICAL AND BIOACTIVE EVALUATION OF ORGANIC PUMPKIN PULP (CUCURBITA MAXIMA) . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 199-208.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Irina-Adriana CHIURCIU, Elena SOARE, Paula STOICEA, Carina-Andreea DOBRE, Adina Magdalena IORGA, Aurelia-Vasilica BĂLAN

This research captures the changes that took place on the global beef market, for the period 2015-2020. The most representative indicators presented and analyzed are: total cattle herds worldwide; beef and veal production obtained worldwide; beef and veal consumption recorded worldwide; imports and exports recorded worldwide for beef meat. Beef contains a series of proteins, minerals, vitamins, fats and amino acids that recommend it for consumption, because it contributes to maintaining the population health. In 2020, Americas achieved 48.6% of the production of meat of cattle with the bone, fresh or chilled. The most significant consumption per inhabitant of beef and veal was highlighted in Argentina of 36.9 kilograms, in 2020. For the year 2029, the largest consumer of beef and veal is expected to remain also Argentina, with only 36.0 kilograms/capita. The basis of this research was, on the one hand, the statistical data taken from the FAOSTAT website, and on the other hand, the data retrieved from various specialized materials and sites.

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CHIURCIU I.A., SOARE E., STOICEA P., DOBRE C.A., IORGA A.M., BALAN A.V. 2022, RESEARCH ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE GLOBAL BEEF MARKET IN THE PERIOD 2015-2020 . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 169-176.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Otilia COTUNA, Mirela PARASCHIVU, Veronica SĂRĂȚEANU, Marinel Nicolae HORABLAGA, Andi CIOBANU, Klaudia KINCEL, Anca Ofelia PANDA, Ramona ȘTEF

Phomopsis mali Roberts (Phomopsis fruit tree canker) is a fungus that infects the fruit tree trunks, branches and sprigs. There were described more than 60 species of Phomopsis. Every of the species is identified in general after the size of the conidia and after the host from which was isolated, the precise identification being sometimes difficult. Phomopsis is a fungus that can produce serious damages in production because it affects the fruitful sprigs. On the other hand, in case of massive attacks it can lead to the fruit trees decline. In the young orchards cultivated in ecologic super-intensive system, the young trees can die in the case of severe infections. The purpose of this research was to identify the Phomopsis fungus in an ecologic super-intensive apple orchard from Arad County (western Romania), in the first two years after the plantation. The biological material used was consisting in six samples sets (sprigs, stems, branches and roots) collected from four apple varieties (Primiera/M9, Crimson Crisp/M9, Golden Orange/M9 and GoldRush/M9). The identification of the disease and of the pathogen was done using visual and laboratory methods. In laboratory was identified the fungus with the humid chamber method and by placement of diseased tissue samples on culture medium followed by incubation at 23 - 24oC for seven days. The branches, sprigs and stems were analysed at stereomicroscope too. Under the cracked bark were identified numerous pycnidia of black colour and pear shaped, specific to the Phomopsis mali fungus. There were noticed young and old fructifications, the old ones were from the previous year or even from the precedent years. The obtained results after the visual analysis of the trees in the orchard and after the laboratory analyses highlighted the presence of the fungus Phomopsis mali. There were highlighted at the microscope the alpha and beta conidia, typical for this fungus. In the orchard all the trees were presenting symptoms specific to the Phomopsis fruit tree canker. The trees covered with numerous canker lesions were died. At the assessment time the dead trees rate on varieties was the following: Primiera – 16.5%, Crimson Crisp – 1.7%, Golden Orange – 16.1%, and Gold Rush – 17.2%. From all the analysed apple varieties only Crimson Crisp had reacted well to the attack of the Phomopsis mali fungus.

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COTUNA O., PARASCHIVU M., SARATEANU V., HORABLAGA M.N., CIOBANU A., KINCEL K., PANDA A.O., STEF R. 2022, RESEARCH REGARDING THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE FUNGUS PHOMOPSIS MALI ROBERTS (PHOMOPSIS FRUIT TREE CANKER) IN A TWO YEARS OLD ECOLOGICAL APPLE ORCHARD - CASE STUDY . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 177-184.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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