ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 3
Written by Elena SOARE, Irina - Adriana CHIURCIU

This research has surprised the evolution of the lamb and mutton market in the European Union during 2011-2016. In this research, reference has been made to the evolution of this market for the period 2018-2025. In order to carry out the present research, a number of representative indicators for the lamb & mutton market were analyzed. Of the specific indicators of this market we mention: the sheep flocks in the European Union; the production of lamb & mutton; total consumption of lamb & mutton; net exports of lamb & mutton, etc. The indicators analyzed have evolved differently from one year to the next in the European Union. In terms of meat consumption in the European Union, the first place is the pork, with over 39 kg / inhabitant. On the opposite side we find the consumption of lamb & mutton, with over 2.5 kg / inhabitant. A less beneficial aspect for the lamb & mutton market is that, at EU level, imports of lamb & mutton are clearly superior to exports. In this research we used statistical data taken from international specialized sites.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper objective was to assess the genetic merit for milk and meat production using a sample of 16 Romanian Friesian bulls and a BLUP simplified model as well as the contemporary comparison method. The bulls' 730 daughters (half-sisters) registered during the 305 days first lactation 3,034.89 kg milk with 22.86 % variation coefficient, 3.79 % fat with 6.06 % variation and 115.72 kg fat with 23.49 % variation. The 249 sons (half-brothers) recorded 138.05 kg atthe age of 6 months with 19.31 % variation coefficient, 293.41kg at the age of 12 months with 4.33 % variation, and 881.97 g/day daily gain with 3.14% variation. The heritability was 0.505 for milk yield, 0.741 for fat %, 0.567 for milk fat, 0.524 for the weight at 6 months, 0.642 for the weight at 12 months and 0.372 for daily gain. The genotypic correlations have been -0.245 between milk yield and fat % and 0.465 between milk and fat yield, -0.287 between the weight at 6 months and 12 months and 0.850 between the weight at 12 months and daily gain. Breeding value varied from 637.6 and -68.1 for milk yield and between 26.26 and -2.07 for milk fat. The breeding value precision ranged between 92 and 58 in case of milk traits. Breeding value varied between 48.6 and - 27.8 for the weight at 12 months and between 168.2 and 2.2. for daily gain. The accuracy of the breeding value for meat traits ranged between 76 and 60. Rank correlations between bull ranking for milk traits were 0.377** between milk fat and fat %, 0.974** between milk yield and fat yield. Rank correlations between bull ranking for meat traits were 0.766** between the weight at 6 months and at 12 months and 0.847** between the weight at 12 months and daily gain. The rank correlation between bull hierarchy by BLUP and contemporary comparison was 0.563 significantly for P=0.05 and P=0.01. As a conclusion, the high accuracy of BLUP model recommends it to be used for breeding value assessment. The position occupied by bulls in their ranking by BLUP was similar in some cases with the one set up by contemporary comparison. Some Friesian bulls could improve both milk and meat production but most of them have the best impact on the growth of milk yield.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper aimed to test the normality of the distribution of the variables using Pearson's central moment coefficients. The data were referring to the milk and meat production characters collected from 5,817 individuals, offspring from 106 Frisian bulls under breeding value estimation. The variables were used both in terms of metric characters and logarithmic characters. In case of milk production and reproduction traits, the use of logarithmic characters was useless, and the values of the Beta coefficients showed a distribution relatively closer to the normal one. In case of meat production characters, both the use of metric and logarithmic characters reflected that the distribution of variables was not a normal one, on the contrary it was sharply vaulted. As a conclusion, it is important to check the normality of the variables distribution in order to avoid the errors of calculation by eliminating the extreme values in case of the skewed distribution.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 4
Written by Mariana BURCEA

The biological properties of the soil are important because they are closely related to soil physico-chemical properties and plants’ health. Thus, the diversity of species, their number and their functions are indicators sensitive to changes in soil properties due to agricultural practices. From a biological point of view, improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil creates favourable conditions for the activity of the microorganisms and for the growth of the plant roots. Soil breathing is one of the soil's properties, determined by the plant roots’ activity and microorganisms living in the soil, an activity that is appreciated by the carbon dioxide production (CO2 emission) from the organisms that live in the soil. The research calls into question the soil breathing process under two crops, wheat and corn, following the impact of various soil technological processes on this respiration potential, on experimental variations such as conventional tillage, superficial tilling, disc harrowing and no tillage soil. From research in the field, soil breathing rates vary significantly between major plant biomasses, suggesting that the type of vegetation influences the rate of soil respiration.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 4
Written by Ivanka LULCHEVA, Krasimir ALEKSANDROV

Rural tourism in Bulgaria is a relatively fast growing and newly-established alternative form of tourism. In recent years, there has been a positive tendency towards increase of the interest in practicing this type of tourism, increase of the number of tourists who have visited rural regions and have used its services, as well as towards diversifying the elements of the offered tourism product. A prerequisite for the sustainable development of rural tourism in Bulgaria and, in particular, in the research territory in the Eastern Rhodopes, is the abundant resource available to our country; already existing or newly established rural regions/villages which contain the main elements of rural tourism – natural and ecological conditions; specific culture, art, folklore; attractive traditions (customs, rituals); authentic cuisine; agricultural and other specific activities. Village holiday market is growing at precisely the time when the future of many rural areas is uncertain due to changes in agricultural policy or the increasing attractiveness of urban life. Rural tourism seems to be among the most suitable tools to revive the dying rural regions, such as the villages and municipalities in the Eastern Rhodopes, as well as to provide opportunities for economic and social development of the regions.The aim of this research is to analyze the tourist services offered as well as the consumer demand for rural tourism in the Eastern Rhodopes. The main methods used in the present study are the inquiry method, the method of analysis and synthesis. The survey was conducted during the period 30.10.2016 - 30.04.2017 and it included 16 questions. 190 questionnaires were correctly filled in and returned. Based on the results achieved in this research we have made some conclusions that may be of great use to the parties concerned, who live in the municipalities in the Eastern Rhodopes, to help them develop the territory as a destination for rural tourism, as well as to the owners and managers of rural tourism facilities to offer a more qualitative, comprehensive and competitive tourism product.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 4
Written by Mircea Adrian GRIGORAS

The paper has the purpose to analyze the trends in the animal production in Romania. The empirical data were collected from the National Institute of Statistics for the period 2007-2016. Using the trend method, and indices method, it was presented the evolution of animal production value, and it share in the value of agricultural production, livestock by species, animal production: meat, milk, eggs, honey, the position of Romania in the EU-28 livestock and animal production, average consumption of animal products per inhabitant, price at farm gate and basic prices for products of animal origin, average acquisition prices for animal products and average price of animal products in the agro-food market. Animal production value declined by 30 % accounting for Lei 23.8 billion in 2016, with a share of 33.8 % in the value of agricultural production. The livestock declined in case of bovines, pigs and poultry, but increased in case of sheep, goats and bee families. The quantitative animal production decreased regarding total live weight at slaughter in case of bovines and pigs, it increased in case of poultry and remained stable in case of sheep and goats. Milk production declined, egg production remained stable and honey production increased. While meat production had a slight increase per inhabitant, meat consumption declined. Both milk production per inhabitant and milk consumption decreased. Both producer price at farm gate and the basic price for the products of animal origin registered a growth in the analyzed period, they are not enough high to cover production costs mainly in dairy and pig farms, despite of the allotted subsidies. This situation reflected a descending trend in animal production with a negative impact on the farmers' income, market offer, demand/offer ratio. Romania is not competitive in the sector of animal production with other EU countries and remains a net importing country of animal products.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 4
Written by George MOISE

Precision agriculture is a new agricultural concept relying on the existence of new variables in the field. Modern technologies are used, such as global positioning (GPS and DGPS), sensors, satellites or aerial images, and information management tools (GIS) to assess and understand some variation of an agricultural crop. The information collected for this type of agriculture can be used to more accurately assess the optimal density of seed, fertilizer use is estimated to culture and more specifically during the harvest. This type of agriculture is trying to avoid the application of inefficient practices to a crop, regardless of soil, climatic conditions, and can help to better assess the phytosanitary status of crops and changes in different stages of vegetation. Crop Circle is an equipment of last generation and can be used successfully in this direction, for this type of agricultural practice.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 15 ISSUE 4
Written by Camelia MĂNESCU, Ada-Flavia CRISTINA, Teodor MATEOC, Gheorghe Sebastian SÂRB, Alin POPESCU, Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB

Lately, the forest surface was reduced from about 19 million hectares, as it was in the distant past, to 6.4 million hectares, while the Romanian geographical environment is increasingly subject to natural and anthropogenic harzards. Regarding the distribution of the forests by main landforms, there is a major imbalance, were is noticed a striking deficit of woodlands in the plains. Given the unbalanced distribution of the green coverage of Romania, in the context of climate changes, the authorspoint out that is of great importance to establish protective forest curtains. The authors highlight the need of reconstruction of the country's land patrimony, mainly through reforestation, by establishing more protective forest curtains. Thus, we consider that the need and desirability of setting the forest protective curtains on the Romania’s surface, are two particularly important factors in the sustainable development of the rural communities, for which RDP 2014-2020, through the funds allocated for the Measure M8 - 105 mil. Euro, is helping to achieve these objectives.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper aimed to apply the discriminant analysis using Altman Z' Score model in order to predict bankruptcy risk of the agricultural companies, using a study case regarding three representative companies dealing with dairy farming in Ilfov County of Romania. The results discriminated the companies according to their financial statement and ratios and mainly Z Score values. The company F1 proved the most difficult financial statement being classified in the Distress zone every year ( Z'=1.003 in the year 2011, 1.098 in the year 2012 and 0.971 in the year 2013). For this reason, this company is bankrupt. The company F2 was situated in the "Grey zone" every year, because the financial situation is not so good, but it i able to pay a part of its debts. However, it is in danger to fail in the future, if measures to recover are not taken in time. (Z'=1.436 in the year 2011, 1.269 in the year 2012 and 1.343 in the year 2013). The company F3 registered a different situation from a year to another. In the first two years, 2011 and 2012, it was facing a difficult financial statement being placed in the "Distress zone". In the year 2013, the financial statement has recovered due to the measures taken by managers and it passed in the "Safe zone", characterized by a good financial situation and solvency, enabling it to pay all its debts.(Z'=1.126 in the year 2011, 0.928 in the year 2012 and 3.189 in the year 2013). The agricultural companies dealing with dairy farming have a low profitability, and the degree of bankruptcy risk is high. For this reason, managers have to keep under control the financial indicators any moment and take urgent measures to recover by the end of the year as their company not to fail.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 2
Written by Marius BOIȚǍ, Gheorghe PRIBEANU, Ionela Mihaela MILUTIN

Agricultural tourism, any other sphere of the science of tourism activity is subordinated both to the environment and food reserves, being its “raw material", its scope and activity. This study seeks to identify and assess the potential of bio-resources and of bio-productivity in order to develop rural tourism; for the completion of modern indicators of territorial capital; development of eco-bio tourism packages in Western Romania. Our research has focused on identifying the traditional bio-resources and developing a strategy for promoting and implementing in rural tourism, on the identification and evaluation of bio-productivity in order to develop rural tourism in Western Romania. Through this study, we were able to capture current and future main sides of the agricultural tourism in a territorial system.

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Vol. 24 - Issue 4

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