ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Monica Elena CRUNȚEANU, Gina FÎNTÎNERU

Rural Local Action Groups are funded under LEADER through the Rural Development Programmes of the Member States over the last 30 years in order to cover two categories of needs: mainly, for financially supporting the best projects in their own territories that meet local needs, and secondly for ensuring their own running and animation costs. In the literature there are numerous papers dealing with the main allocation of funding, analysed at European, national or regional level, but very few articles that analyse the second component of financing. The paper presents an analysis of the situation of running and animation expenses carried out by the Romanian LAGs during the period 2017 - 2021 and, in the context of the elaboration of new programmatic documents for the next financing period, proposes variants of simplification and reorganization of budget chapters, that leads not only to administrative burden reduction, but also to a better local strategy implementation.

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CRUNTEANU M.E., FINTINERU G. 2022, FUNCTIONING OF LOCAL ACTION GROUPS – FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND SIMPLIFICATION PROPOSALS. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 165-176.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Cristina TINDECHE, Alina MARCUTA, Liviu MARCUTA, Adelaida HONTUS, Carmen ANGELESCU

The paper aimed to analyze the education level in the EU rural areas and identified the gaps exiting between different member states compare to the EU average according to ISCED 2011classification mainly for the population aged 15-64 years. The Eurostat data were processed determining the differences in percentage points registered in the year 2021. The results showed that, in more than 50% EU member states, the share of the rural population is over the EU mean of 22.3%. With 44.9% and 44.7%, Slovakia and Romania could be considered rural countries. The demographic changes in the rural areas have had a deep influence on enrollment and future labor force reserve. The early school-leaving rate is the highest in the rural areas, while tertiary education has lower percentages, on the last position being situated Bulgaria and Romania (below10%). The EU rural population aged 15-64 years has a higher share than the EU average of 25.5% for "Less primary, primary and lower secondary education (level 0-2)" in only 9 countries: Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Malta, Bulgaria, Romania, Denmark and Hungary. Compared to the EU mean of 74.5% for "Upper secondary, post secondary non-tertiary education (level 3-8)", a lower level was registered in only in 9 countries: Hungary, Denmark, Romania, Bulgaria, Malta, Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal. The EU average for "Upper secondary and post secondary non-tertiary education (level 3 and 4)" accounted for 53% and this rate was higher in only 7 states: Czechia, Slovakia, Poland, Croatia, Romania, Hungary and Germany. For "Tertiary education (levels 5-8)", the EU-27 average is 21.4% and a higher rate was found only in 14 countries: Ireland, Belgium Luxemburg, Slovenia, Sweden, Cyprus, France, Estonia, Lithuania, Malta, Spain, Netherlands, Finland, Austria. The large variation of education level in the rural areas from a country to another has a deep impact on economic and social development. For this reason, besides the EU strategy, each country has to adapt its policy and strategy to the local situation and needs. Education and work force crises in the rural areas should be solved by a better infrastructure, more and highly competent teaching staff, a modern endowment in rural schools and a competence oriented curricula, extend of IT skills and digitalization, creation of partnerships and networks, exchange of experience and good practices, educational platforms and internet connections to ensure the permanent interlinks in the community and in the territory, and a proper financing for the field of education from the budget and access of the EU financial support provided by CAP 2021-2027, European Regional development Fund (ERDF), European Social Fund (ESF), EaSIF- European and Social Innovation Fund, ERASMUS Programme and Horizon 2020.

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POPESCU A., TINDECHE C., MARCUTA A., MARCUTA L., HONTUS A., ANGELESCU C. 2022, GAPS IN THE EDUCATION LEVEL BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 531-546.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Minko ILIEV, Biser BOZHANSKI, Мagdalena PETKOVA, Tatyana BOZHANSKA

Foliar fertilizing of meadow grass stand of type Chrusopogon gryllus L. type and pasture grass stand of Nardus stricta L. type with humate fertilizer, such as Biostim (400 ml/da) increases the crude protein content in dry matter by 34.2% and 31.3%, respectively. The highest energy and fodder nutritional value is the fodder mass of the variants treated with a dose of 400 ml/da (for Chrusopogon gryllus L.) and 200 and 300 ml/da (for Nardus stricta L.). The amount of gross energy in meadow grass stands is 1.0% lower than in pastures. The efficiency of the applied biofertilizer is most pronounced in the variants with 100 ml/da dose, where the amount of dry matter and crude protein reaches 808.80 kg and 79.55 kg - for meadow and 509.60 kg and 28.79 kg - for pasture grasslands. There is no difference in the total costs (7.87 BGN/da) regarding the application of foliar fertilizers in pasture and meadow grass stands. The total revenue, total profit, profitability and critical level of the yield from the conducted agrotechnical measure in the meadow grass stands are higher by 19.9%, 25.4%, 27.7% and 92.1% respectively compared to those of the pastures, but at a lower cost price.

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ILIEV M., BOZHANSKI B., PETKOVA M., BOZHANSKA T. 2022, IMPACT OF FOLIAR ORGANIC FERTILIZING ON THE QUALITY OF FODDER FROM NATURAL MEADOW AND PASTURE GRASS STAND . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 321-328.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Rihanat Funsho ASAFA, Wasiu Babatunde AKANBI, Abiola Elizabeth OJELEYE

Growth and yield of watermelon are significantly influenced by spacing and variety. To quantify these effects, field experiments were conducted from August to November 2016 in Ogbomoso and Sepeteri, Oyo State, Nigeria. The treatments consisted of four watermelon cultivars (Sugar baby, Kaolack, Grey belle and Collos F1) and five spacings (1.0 × 0.5 m, 1.0 × 0.75 m, 1.0 × 1.0 m, 1.0 × 1.5 m and 1.0 × 2.0 m). Data collection on reproductive and fruit yield attributes. Results showed that the growth parameters of the crop grown at Sepeteri were significantly better while those grown at Ogbomoso had higher fruit yield/yield parameters. In both locations, spacing significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the fruit yield parameters for all the varieties. In Collos F1, vine line, number of secondary vines, leaves, flowers and rotten fruits were the highest while the number of fruits/plot and fruit yield (t/ha) were significantly higher in Kaolack cultivar. Spacing however had no significant influence on growth parameters but significantly affected number of fruits/plot and fruit yield/ha. In Ogbomoso, Kaolack sown at 1.0 x 0.75 m had highest fruit yield (41.7 t/ha) while the least (9.3 t/ha) was obtained from Sugar baby sown at 1.0 x 0.5m. Similarly, in Sepeteri, Kaolack sown at 1.0 x 0.75 m produced the highest fruit yield (19.4 t/ha) while the least (5.0 t/ha) was obtained from Collos F1 at 1.0 x 1.5 m. Planting Kaolack at spacing 1.0 x 0.75 m in both Ogbomoso and Sepeteri was the best agronomic practices for achieving the best fruit yield.

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ASAFA R.F., AKANBI W.B., OJELEYE A.E. 2022, IMPACT OF PLANT SPACING ON THE GROWTH AND FRUIT YIELD OF WATERMELON VARIETIES IN SOUTH-WEST NIGERIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 35-42.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Mary Cris F. PLEÑOS

This research study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on abaca farming, a fiber crop in the Philippines. To accomplish the study's aims, both descriptive analysis and mean comparisons by paired t-test were performed. Based on the results, abaca farmers have seen a decrease in their farm incomes as transportation expenses and agricultural input prices have risen. To cope with the pandemic, various coping techniques such as borrowing money, selling of assets, and usage of savings are being practiced. To help revive the agricultural portion of the abaca industry, loans exclusive for abaca growers must be made accessible.

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PLENOS M.C.F. 2022, IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ABACA FARM HOUSEHOLDS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 487-492.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Cristina Maria STERIE, Dalila Gabriela STOICA, Andreea Daniela GIUCĂ, Ana URSU, Laurențiu Ionuț PETRE

Romania plays an important role in the whole of EU agriculture, being a major player in the cereals, oilseeds and vegetables market. In 2020, Romania ranked first in sunflower production, fifth in wheat production and seventh in potato production. The research aims to determine the distribution of import and export values for wheat, potato and sunflower crops, sales prices and the security of the position of the crops studied in Romania. By calculating the Gini coefficient, the degree of concentration for wheat import showed a high value, while for wheat export it showed a low value. For potato cultivation, the values of imports in 2020 were evenly distributed due to the lower concentration of the coefficient, while for exports, the degree of concentration was higher. For imports and exports, the Gini coefficient shows an even concentration range.

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STERIE C.M., STOICA D.G., GIUCA A.D., URSU A., PETRE L.I. 2022, IMPORT AND EXPORT OF WHEAT, SUNFLOWER AND POTATO IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING FOOD SECURITY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 705-712.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper aimed to analyze income inequality in the EU-27 countries in the period 2014-2021 based on Eurostat data and methodology involving specific indicators. Dynamic analysis, regression equations, R2, growth or decline rates, classifications, comparisons, and graphical and tabled illustration of the results were the main procedures for data processing. In the most member states it was noticed a reduction of disparities, grace to the measures taken by each country to improve income of the citizens by social transfers. In the Euro area, income level is higher than in EU-27 and income disparities are smaller. In 2021, the EU-27 median disposable income accounted for Euro 18,369 by +21.6% higher than in 2014. In the Euro area, it reached Euro 20,776 (+19.4%). The highest median disposable income exceeds Euro 25,000 in Luxemburg, Denmark, Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium, Sweden, Finland and Germany, while the lowest level is in Romania Euro 4,832. In 2021, Gini coefficient of equalized disposable income was 30.1 in the EU-27 and 30.5 in the Euro area, showing a slight decline of income inequality. While Lithuania and Latvia are the countries with the highest income disparity, Slovenia, Belgium and Czechia have a lower income inequality. Income by quantiles reached Euro 12,790 in the EU-27 and Euro 14,622 in the Euro area. Luxemburg, Ireland, Austria and Netherlands registered the highest income by quantiles, while Latvia, Croatia, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania the lowest one. Income quintile share ratio S80/S20 for disposable income, reached 4.97 in the EU-27 and 5.02 in the Euro area. It increased in France, Italy, Latvia, Luxemburg, Malta, Netherlands and declined in all the other countries. Despite of a relative reduction in income inequality during the analyzed period, the process has to continue for ensuring the goal 10 of the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development. For this reason, researchers and policy makers have to look for new strategies to improve income and increase the living standard of the population and assure the sustainable development of all the member states.

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POPESCU A. 2022, INCOME INEQUALITY IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 547-560.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Nataliia ZELISKO, Oksana BULYK, Andriy KOLODIY

The article is devoted to issues of foreign investment in Ukraine, since the effective implementation of investment activity is important for the development of the Ukrainian economy at the present stage and increasing the competitiveness of enterprises, necessary for its integration into the European socio-economic space The development trends in foreign investment to agriculture have been analysed. Gradual deterioration of the prerequisites for the development of agricultural foreign investments has been found by studying the trends of foreign investment to agriculture on the basis of statistical analysis of the dynamics of indicators of the amount of attracted foreign direct investment, their share in gross value added, gross agricultural income, labour productivity in agricultural production, and others. The investment attractive factors contributing to the expansion of investment ties of Ukraine, namely, the presence of rich natural resources and production capacities are analyzed; developed infrastructure; relatively cheap and skilled labor; large capacious and almost competitive unlimited domestic market for most commodity items; scientific potential, etc. The threats of foreign investment for the host country are identified.

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ZELISKO N., BULYK O., KOLODIY A. 2022, INVESTMENTS IN AGRICULTURE OF UKRAINE. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 819-824.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Teodora STOEVA, Violeta DIRIMANOVA

Land relations are public relations arising on the basis of land use as an indispensable means of production in the agricultural sector. The purpose of this article is to analyze the challenges and trends in Bulgarian agriculture which is characterized by great intensity and dynamics. In the research of land relations, scientific approach is applied as well as the following methodological approaches: systematic, complex, structural, comparative and value-measuring. The methodical framework of this article provides a summary overview of the main changes in the agricultural policy and the structure of land relations in Bulgaria. For the purposes of the research different information sources have been used - scientific journals, publications by Bulgarian authors, as well as the author's own research.

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STOEVA T., DIRIMANOVA V. 2022, LAND RELATIONS IN BULGARIA - CHALLENGES AND TRENDS. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 719-724.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Mirela STANCIU, Iuliana ANTONIE

The paper aimed to analyze the dynamics of livestock and milk and meat production in the top five EU countries growing sheep and goats: Spain, Romania, Greece, France and Italy. The empirical data from Eurostat and Faostat for the period 2012-2021 were processed using usual methods and procedures like fixed basis and structural indices, trend regression equation, determination coefficient and points method. The comparison between these five countries pointed out the decline of sheep number in four countries, except Romania and the decrease in goats number in Greece and Spain, but an increase in Romania, France and Italy. Ewe milk production increased in three countries, except Spain where it remained relatively constant and Romania where it declined. Goat milk production raised in three countries, except Greece and Romania. Sheep meat output increased in France and Spain, but in the other countries went down, while goat meat output increased only in Spain, the other four states recording a decline. In the year 2021,these five countries all together counted 46.1 million sheep, representing 76.% of the EU sheep livestock, and also they had 9.4 million goats, meaning 82.1% of the EU goats livestock. In 2020, all these countries produced 2.73 million tonnes sheep milk and 1.87 million tonnes goat milk, accounting for 1.7% and respectively 1.16% in the EU milk output. These counties also contributed by 85% to the EU sheep and goat meat production. This reflects the importance of small ruminants in the EU animal livestock and production. These species have to help the EU for greening agriculture, as they could valorize natural resources from the mountains and less favored areas and also could be grown in organic farming system, assuring jobs and income to the local population, food security and at the same time contributing to the biodiversity preservation and production of renewable energy.

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POPESCU A., STANCIU M., ANTONIE I. 2022, LIVESTOCK AND MILK AND MEAT PRODUCTION IN THE TOP FIVE EU COUNTRIES REARING SHEEP AND GOATS, 2012-2021 . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 515-530.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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