Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 4
Written by Oksana TSURKAN, Svetlana BURYKINA, Galina SUKHORUKOVA, Yaroslav BILANCHYN, Alla PIATKOVA, Tamara LEAH

The study analyses the changes of the fractional composition of potassium of the main soils of southern Ukraine – ordinary chernozem and southern chernozem under influence of irrigation and fertilization systems. The research was conducted in two stationary experiments, laid on chernozem ordinary (11-year of crop rotation) and on chernozem south (3-year multifactorial experiment). It is established that under the influence of irrigation in ordinary chernozem the sum of groups of potentially available potassium in a layer of 0-30 cm increases by 40.3 and 57.5% in comparison with rainfed conditions. The content of exchangeable potassium in chernozem usually varies considerably depending on the soil moisture (r = - 0.80). The norm of fertilizers – manure 200 t/ha + N200P200K60, introduced under the basic cultivation of the first crop rotation, in the aftermath after 11th year provides a positive balance of exchangeable potassium in ordinary chernozem even with a decrease in the initial content in 2.1 times. In the southern chernozem, the total amount of potentially available potassium is much lower than in chernozem ordinary: 19.0% in the layer 0-30 cm and from 45.5 to 52.6% with a depth of 120 cm. The distribution of the depth and direction of irrigation and fertilizer systems are similar to those of ordinary chernozem.

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