Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Cleiton Pereira DE SOUZA, Elena BONCIU

Genetic markers represent different forms of the same gene that control mutant phenotypic expression and allow individual quantification of genes. One of the basic criteria in the molecular markers usage is the molecular polymorphic capacity of plant genetic material. This paper aimed to distinguish and generalize some of the relevant results regarding the applications of different molecular markers in plants bioengineering. Thus, the paper describes the main categories of markers used in plant bioengineering, with topical examples of their utility in modern plant breeding programs. The used methods included searching of the various databases (Web of Science, Google Scholar, The Food and Agriculture Organization, The International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications) and identification some relevant results. From this point of view, the results indicate the immense opportunity of molecular markers in the individual study of plants, without conditioning the stage of their development. Some of the practical applications of molecular markers in plant genetic programming relate to the investigation of the diversity of genetic material; precise location of genes; germplasm certification, etc. Molecular markers applications generate an explosive growth of vital information for genetic research, the natural consequence being the rapid advancement of basic and applied knowledge. However, correct and objective information to the general public is an important step in making it easier to accept innovations in plant bioengineering and enables progress in agriculture.

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