Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 2
Written by Dorina BONEA

Wheat provides the food and nutritional support necessary for human life; therefore the process of wheat breeding is very important to meet the growing demand for cultivars with better agronomic traits. Over time, breeders have tried various breeding techniques to improve desired traits, but these techniques have proven to be time-consuming and labor-intensive. To overcome these problems, scientists have developed new genome editing techniques to accelerate and facilitate crops improvement. The methodology used in this paper focused on processing, analyzing and providing updated information on genome-editing applications for wheat using data from the EU-SAGE platform. To date (January 20, 2024), 43 applications for the CRISPR/Cas technique, 3 for the BE technique and a single application for the TALEN technique have been registered on this platform. The USA is second, after China, in the application of genome editing techniques to wheat. All new wheat genotypes obtained through these applications do not contain foreign DNA, meeting the conditions for regulatory acceptance and ratification of several countries. These include important traits for both farmers and consumers, thereby contributing to increasing global efforts for sustainable agricultural development.

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