Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 25 ISSUE 3
Written by Simona-Beatrice MANOLACHE, Silvius STANCIU

The paper analyzes the dynamics of human resources in rural Romania from 2021 to 2023, highlighting major trends and associated socio-economic implications. Key aspects examined include the evolution of the resident population, household structures, labor force, access to the internet, and adult participation in education, focusing on differences between urban and rural areas. The findings indicate a general decline in the total population; however, the rural population experienced a modest increase, suggesting internal migration from urban areas is likely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The structure of rural households remained relatively stable, with a slight increase in the average number of members in certain social categories. Research results showed that employment rates and active participation in the labor market in rural areas have decreased. In contrast, the unemployment rate remained relatively high, amidst economic challenges and a lack of job opportunities for the population. Access to the internet has significantly increased in rural areas, partially narrowing the gap compared to urban areas. Participation in non-formal and informal education was higher in urban areas than in rural ones, reflecting the unequal access of the population to educational opportunities. From a socio-economic perspective, the study suggests the need for public policies that address regional disparities, support job creation, and facilitate access to education and digital infrastructure in rural areas. Implementing concrete measures is essential to reduce the gaps between rural and urban areas and to stimulate sustainable development in rural Romania.

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