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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Petrică ŞTEFAN, Sorin BIBICIOIU, Silviu GHEORGHE

The laws governing the activity of guesthouses did not pass. Within a study carried out by the Romanian Association of Eco-tourism analyzing the problems of owners and managers of guesthouses and their opinion regarding the laws in the field, owners of guesthouses have only awarded a 4.80 score to the laws ruling the activity in this field. The results of the study have been officially released during Bucharest Tourism Fair within a seminar taking place on March 15th, 2013. The study showed that tourism direct legislation does not represent a problem for guesthouses, but adjacent fields such as sanitary, veterinary, fire fighting or labour procedures stand as a brake for the development of the guesthouses sector.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Mihai BERCA, Roxana HOROIAŞ

Until 1995, the Avena fatua (odos) wasn’t even known as a weed in Burnas Plain wheat crop. Starting with the beginning of the first decade of the millennium, also fostered by the climate change process, Avena fatua has been slowly, but surely, installed in the area. By 2010 it reached almost 50 plants/m2 on wheat after wheat and about 90 plants/m2 in 3 years wheat monoculture. Over the past three years, the specie’s density has logarithmically increased up to 600 plants/m2 on wheat after wheat and to almost 900 plants/m2 in 3 years wheat monoculture. The surfaces identified by us have exceeded 1500 ha, while the yield losses reach up to 100%. In these conditions, the rape-wheat simple crop rotation reduces weed infestation and keeps it slightly variable between 5-10 plants/m2, well below the economic threshold of tolerance. At the same time, substantive amendments in weed’s biology and ecology were observed, it becoming therophytes - hemitherophytes due to climate change. Can talk about a weed infestation of the crop with biannual and annual forms. Between all the chemical methods used so far, very good results were obtained with the Pallas 75 WG product, at a dose of 150 g/ha, even without safener.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Gheorghe Sebastian SÂRB, Teodor MATEOC, Nicoleta MATEOC SIRB, Anişoara DUMA-COPCEA, Ioan GRAD, Gabriel ŞUSTER

The environmental protection represents an important subject in international debates, being accentuated by the alert rhythm of economic development and the higher demands of the current consumer generations. In general, it can be claimed that the most developed countries are producing the largest quantities of waste and pollutants and are consuming large quantities of energy and natural resources. The impact these countries have upon the natural environment is strong and destructive. Therefore, it can be remarked that the industrialization level is inversely proportional with the environmental state, which is getting worse by the year: reduced timbered areas, agricultural soil degradation, a thinner ozone layer, numerous extinct plant and animal species, accentuated greenhouse effect, etc. Affecting the natural environment has severe repercussions upon the quality of life, manifesting itself through water, soil and atmospheric pollution. These are the reasons why the authors of this paper are analysing, in the present study, the problems concerning the environmental protection and life quality.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Radiana TAMBA-BEREHOIU, Diana M. VISOVAN, Ciprian–Nicolae POPA

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the presence of antibiotic residues in honey sold for human consumption. Specific objectives relates to the determination of residues of streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin in 18 samples of different types of honey, such as: acacia honey, linden honey and polyfloral honey. Honey was purchased from Bacau County, in 2012, from the following localities: Moineşti, Onesti and Bacău. Antibiotic residues were determined with the RIA - Charm II test. The results revealed the existence of streptomycin residues in all samples of analyzed honey, above the permissible limits (40 ppb), except linden honey samples from Bacău. Tetracycline residues were found in all samples, the limits were exceeded only for acacia honey from Moineşti and linden honey from Oneşti. Erythromycin residues have not exceeded the limits admitted to any sample, but they showed great variability. In conclusion, at the county level, all types of honey often contain residues of antibiotics, although European rules on consumer safety forbid adding them for prevention. The danger of toxicity is evidenced by the existence of several types of antibiotics in the same batch of honey, regardless of their concentration, due to their potential synergistic effect.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Harby MOSTAFA, Naoya FUJIMOTO, Juniji KOIDE, Naoko OKA

Increasing the environmental stresses on water resources are causing countries to reconsider various mechanisms to improve water use efficiency. This is especially true for irrigation agriculture, a major consumer of water. The physical and hydraulic characteristics of the irrigation distribution system often form a major limit. Also the implementations of irrigation water fees are sensitive to physical, social, and religious beliefs, making it necessary to design allocation mechanisms accordingly. The purpose of this work is to study the water pricing mechanisms to improve cost recovery for irrigation and drainage facilities under the Islamic law and its impact on water saving. The study tries to find out if there is an irrigation water pricing system that better meets the social, economical, and environmental needs. Also the research tries to highlight Egypt's experience in dealing with the cost recovery in irrigated agriculture. the main findings to agree with Islamic law that cost recovery for irrigation and drainage services would be limited to those infrastructures that are used solely for direct irrigation and drainage and should ensure that at least the full operation and maintenance costs are recovered, because they reflect the service costs of providing farmers with irrigation water and ensuring acceptable drainage. When the pressure of demand on water resources is high and competition exists between uses of water, quota systems are imposed on agriculture. To get high cost-recovery rates, farmers should not only agree on the costs to be recovered but also see the fees collected are used to maintain and improve “their” system.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Emil MARINESCU

The work seeks to underscore its correlative aspect of business initiatives and labor force training from Olt County rural areas. The high schools and alumni structure analysis for the agricultural and veterinary profile of Olt County, shows a variation in the number of agricultural high schools, but an annual discrepancy between the students enrolled number and the graduates number. Simultaneously, from the holdings dimension analysis, it can be seen the accented character of a subsistence agriculture. In the analysis performed it may also be indicated the farming business manifestation / rural areas. Through all these, it can be synthesized the fact that business development in agriculture is related to the need to monitor the total business entrepreneurs evolution, along with their training level.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Alexandru Costin CÎRSTEA, Victor MANOLE, Raluca – Georgiana LĂDARU, Ioan Radu PETRARIU

This paper is a study that has as main objective the diagnosis of fruits and vegetables sector in Romania and identifies realistic and feasible measures and actions to reduce the negative effects of the financial crisis, manifested in this sector. This paper is structured in two parts. The first part of the paper is intended to describe fruit and vegetable chain, being a detailed analysis of the current situation of fruits and vegetables sector in Romania, showing the effects of the crisis in this sector. The second part proposes a series of realistic and feasible measures and actions for risk reduction and recovery in the sector affected by the manifestation of the economic crisis.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Elena LASCAR

The concept of development means all forms and methods of socio-economic development, and it is based first of all on ensuring a balance between these socio-economic systems and the elements of natural capital. Călăraşi county is situated in the South-East part of the country and of the Romanian Plain, on the left shore of the Danube. It has a surface of 5088 sqkm and it occupies 2.1% of Romania surface. The relief is mainly represented by fields. The county depends on agriculture and economy in the rural area. In the rural area of Călăraşi county 49.1% of the total population in the country lives, most involved in agricultural activities or activities related to it. Communes are the most important category of administrative units, both numerically and in terms of population. The proposed paper presents aspects regarding the potential of sustainable development of Stefan Voda commune in Călăraşi county.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Emil MARINESCU, Raluca NECULA

This paper aims at investigating the current situation of rural development perspective based on knowledge of the human factor in Olt County. The first and most important observation is the repercussions on the demographics of rural population structure and balance in Olt County where it appears on one side of its unevenness, with a trend of diminishing the employment, hence the number of employees. The analysis of agricultural density, represented by the area in hectares / capita reveals the existence of a low level of rural population pressure on agricultural space. On the structure of agricultural branches it was surprised on one hand the annual variation in levels of achievement, but on the other hand the share of services which is insignificant. All this contributes to the low attractiveness of agriculture for young people in the rural county of Olt.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 13 ISSUE 3
Written by Georgiana Armeniţa ARGHIROIU, Stelica CRISTEA, Ioan Nicolae ALECU, George PĂTRAŞCU

Romania is situated as agricultural potential among the first countries in Europe. But over the time it has been observed that our agriculture has failed to capitalize this potential and in consequence cannot provide the necessities of food for the population of the country. The trade balance is deeply inclined towards imports and even if the situation has improved in recent years, the trade balance in agricultural products remains negative, falling to about $ 600 million in 2011. This paper analyzes the evolution of trade flows with the grain both in terms of quantity and value.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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