ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3
Written by Ana-Maria IFRIM, Marius-Mihai MICU, Oana-Raluca RUSU, Catalin Ionut SILVESTRU, Cristina Vasilica ICOCIU

In the current context, after a pandemic that has left traces in all socio-economic fields and during major geo-political problems, Basic research is needed in order to identify directions for rapid and sustainable socio-economic recovery. The agricultural sector has played a particularly important role in speeding economic growth and development in less developed countries. As a result, we may argue that the agriculture sector has aided these countries' integration into global trade. The proposed paper aims to identify the degree of dependence of the Moldovan economy on agriculture and how this dependence can be transformed into a challenge that will help the country's economy. Also, the paper aims to identify the link between agricultural production and gross domestic product at the level of the Moldovan economy, as well as the need to create a stability in the labour market in agriculture. The above mentioned will be achieved in the conditions in which there is already a decrease in the labour force, a decrease due to medical, geo-political and migration factors. To develop a sustainable economy, sustainable agricultural public policies must be enacted, resulting in the attraction of personnel from metropolitan regions (where unemployment is higher) to rural areas.

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IFRIM A.M., MICU M.M., RUSU O.R., SILVESTRU C.I., ICOCIU C.V. 2023, USE OF AGRICULTURAL POTENTIAL FOR ECONOMIC RECOVERY/GROWTH. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 353-360.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3
Written by Mahmoud ELHOSARY, Adel ELMETWALLI, Asaad DERBALA, Salah ELSAYED

The aim of this research is to develop an image processing system that relies on machine vision to evaluate the chemical and physical properties in a non-destructive, fast and effective way to evaluate the quality of the orange fruits. Chemical and physical features such as TSS, titrated acidity, pH, TSS/T.acidity, liquid percentage, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids were estimated. The results of the study showed that there is a relationship between the chemical and physical properties and the ripening of fruits. Relationships between R/G ratio range, G/R ratio, R/(R+G+B) range, NDVI1 index, VARI index, and VARI1 with some properties such as acidity, liquid percentage, pH, (TSS), TSS/ T.Acidity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b as well as the concentration of carotenoids at different ripening days. Correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were obtained by testing the correlation between (TSS), acidity, TSS/T. acidity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids, and ratios R/G ratio, R/(R+G+B), NDVI index and VARI index and VARI1 for orange fruits. The results showed that the mean of the indices of VARI, VARI1, NDVI1, and the R/G range provided a better indicator of the concentrations (TSS), acidity, TSS/T. acidity, and chlorophyll a and b for orange fruits. R/(R + G + B) ratio gave the highest regression coefficient with carotenoids (𝑅2=95∗∗∗). while NDVI1 index gave the highest regression coefficient with chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b (𝑅2=91∗∗∗and 𝑅2=92∗∗∗), respectively.

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ELHOSARY M., ELMETWALLI A., DERBALA A., ELSAYED S. 2023, USING IMAGE PROCESSING TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF ORANGE FRUITS IN A NON-DESTRUCTIVE MANNER. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 267-276.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3
Written by Hanna BIALKOVSKA, Anatoliy YURECHKO, Volodymyr PASHCHENKO

The article provides a valuation of the technological features of cultivating new perspective varieties of Ukrainian selection tobacco seeds, which have high resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, good raw material quality, and optimal levels of nicotine, carbohydrates, and proteins. The scientific principles of cultivation and realization of high productive, competitive tobacco varieties, such as Berley 38, Berley 46, Ternopil 14, and Ternopil Perspective, are substantiated. The economic efficiency of tobacco seed production for Ukrainian research institutions is determined. Only specialized research institutions with corresponding scientific potential and material-technical base should be engaged in tobacco seed cultivation and realization. The production of tobacco seed varieties with optimal chemical composition will increase the efficiency of tobacco production and competitiveness of national seed production.

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BIALKOVSKA H., YURECHKO A., PASHCHENKO V. 2023, VALUATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF TOBACCO SEED CULTIVATION IN UKRAINE AND ITS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 53-62.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3
Written by Cosmin GHERBAN, Florin SALA

The study analyzed the variation of quality indices of wheat grains in relation to nitrogen fertilization. The experiment was carried out at the University of Life Sciences "King Mihai I" from Timisoara, Didactic and Experimental Resort (DER), in the 2021-2022 agricultural years. The wheat 'Venezio’ cultivar was cultivated in a non-irrigated system. Fertilization was done with ammonium nitrate in eight doses: 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 kg ha-1 N a.s. (a.s. – active substance). The studied quality indices showed variable values, between 13.8-16.4±0.30% in the case of the protein content (Pro), 27-34±0.83% in the case of the gluten content (Glt), 57-73±1.91% in the case of the Zeleny Index (Zel Ind), 74.6-76.5±0.20 kg hl-1 in the case of hectolitre weight (HW), respectively 11.5-11.8±0.04% in the case of moisture (Mstr). The variation of the quality indices values in relation to N was described by polynomial equations of the 2nd degree, under variable conditions of statistical safety (p<0.001 in the case of Pro, Glt, Zel Ind; p=0.0428 in the case of HW; p=0.0729 in the case of Mstr). The variation of Zel Ind in relation to other quality indices (Pro and Glt) was quantified by quadratic regression analysis (R2=0.996, p<0.001). According to PCA, a distribution and association of the variants was obtained in relation to the level of the evaluated quality indices: variants T1 and T2 were placed independently, variants T3 and T8 were associated with humidity (Mstr); variants T4 and T7 were associated with Pro, Glt and Zel Ind indices, and variants T5 and T6 were associated with HW. PC1 explained 87.168% of variance and PC2 explained 8.0113% of variance.

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GHERBAN C., SALA F. 2023, WHEAT QUALITY INDICES IN RELATION TO NITROGEN FERTILIZATION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 299-306.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3
Written by Paula STOICEA, Elena SOARE, Valentina Constanta TUDOR, Marius Mihai MICU, Mirela DUȘĂ, Andreea FIRĂȚOIU, Mihnea-Iulian VASILIU

In order to obtain a good yield and high profitability for the winter wheat crop, a good interaction between the plant and the environment is needed for carrying out a strategic planning of the best agricultural practices. The most representative ones aim at the choice of varieties with genetic characteristics and high production capacity, the application of an optimal level of fertilization and the integrated fight against pathogens, which are key factors that contribute to increasing the productivity and quality of wheat harvests. The paper presents the analysis of the yield and profitability of the wheat crop in three large crop farms of different sizes in Romania. From the analysis carried out, in order to reach the profitability threshold, the following results were highlighted: on the farm of 60 ha, in the year 2021, on a cultivated area of 35.5 ha, the total production realized and sold must be 214.41 tons; on the farm of 600 ha, the cultivated area being 86 ha, the total production obtained and sold must be 514.24 tons; on the 3,000 ha farm, which had a cultivated area of 709.62 ha, the total cultivated and sold production must be 4,209.48 tons. It is necessary to specify the fact that in 2019 and 2020 the profitability threshold could not be reached, in most cases. This situation was due to drought, high production costs and low farm gate prices. The conclusion of the study is that the profitability of the winter wheat crop is difficult to be increased, taking into account the high and growing production expenses registered annually by farmers. In this situation, the increase in farm dependence on subsidies to ensure a favourable raw product for the winter wheat crop has clearly emerged.

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STOICEA P., SOARE E., TUDOR V.C., MICU M.M., DUSA M., FIRATOIU A., VASILIU M.I. 2023, WINTER WHEAT CROP YIELD AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PROFITABILITY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 843-852.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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