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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Tatiana BLAGA, Lucian DINCA, Ioana Maria PLEȘCA

The article provides insight into improvement of the methodological approaches and methodic tools concerning solution of polyvariant tasks of land management with application of mathematical programming. Variety of the forms of initial information description forces both choice of the methodology of research concerning land use, and the model form. It is proven that appropriate application of mathematical programming secures the most rational use of land resources, which are one of the most important constituents of the system of land relations regulation. Territory of Ukraine is chosen as an object of the research, because the research studies transformation of land relations in the process of land reform implementation. The article presents results of empiric analysis, which argues the necessity to perform land surveying, which makes a base for an accurate land circulation and develops scientific approaches to formation of the structure of land use and administrative-territorial organization, protection of lands, as well as their ecosystem functions, supply of the branches of land resources economy, etc. The empiric investigation confirms and theoretically grounds that at the final stage of the land reform in Ukraine it is necessary to develop an appropriate scientific-theoretical basis, which would contribute to establishment of the system of modern flexible and efficient agrarian formations, being able to reveal the whole potential of Ukrainian black land soils.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Stephen Oluseun ADEOGUN, Olaoluwa Ayodeji ADEBAYO, Matthew Olalekan OOSE, Bolaji Grace ABIONA

In Nigeria, households’ per capita calorie consumption is below the required level and this in turn has reduced food security and productivity among households. Rice is a high calorie given food item that has contributed to the improved nutrional status and welfare of Nigerians. Therefore, the study determined the demand for rice in Nigeria as a means of enhancing calorie intake and food security status among households. The study used Harmonised National Living standard survey (HNLSS) data obtained from National Bureau of Statistics. 32,012 households comprising rural (24,941) and urban (8,071) sectors were used. The methods of data analysis include descriptive statistics, probit regression analysis and Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS.) The study revealed that Per-capita expenditure on rice is lowest among rural (N2, 275.48) and North-west (N2, 019.17) residents. It is also lower among male headed households. Rice is a necessity (0.801) and could serve as substitute for luxury food items such as beans (0.919) and other cereals (0.199). Gender, sectoral and regional food policy measures should be options in increasing rice demand among households in Nigeria in order to ensure increase per calorie intake.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Mahdiyeh SAEI, Hossein MORADI SHARE BABAK

Population aging phenomena are noticed in many branches of the economy. The human factor plays a very important role in the manufacturing processes of enterprises. Its importance is also currently significant in many sectors of the national economy and in the economic development of local communities, regions and countries. Not only the population, but also age and the related ability to work are important. In the knowledge-based economy, formal and informal qualifications of employees, their level of education and professional experience are also very important. All these factors affect the competitiveness of the business entities in which they work and which they manage. The aging of the population with a large intensity also negatively affects the development of agriculture and rural areas. However, they can also become a reason for developing previously unknown forms of activity, e.g. care farms.The research carried out concerned the group of owners of small farms operating in south-eastern Poland. They were implemented as part of the SALSA project "Small farms, small food and sustainable food and nutrition security". As indicated by the conducted research, most of the small farms were managed by people at a mature or older age. The share of people aged up to 40 years was at the level of 20.2%. This shows that young people are mostly not interested in running small farms. The level of education of farmers was also low, which was particularly evident in older age groups. Many older farmers also spoke negatively about the future of their farms, which was often associated with the lack of successors. The presented results prove the existence of many problems resulting from the aging of small farm owners and the need to undertake remedial actions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Daniela RĂDUCU, Anca-Rovena LĂCĂTUȘU, Horia DOMNARIU, Alina EFTENE, Alexandrina MANEA

The use of local leaders and leader farmers in extension programs has been common in most countries. Through the analysis of a case study, this paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of leader horticultural producers in increasing the quantitative and qualitative efficiency of horticultural products in Iran from the gardeners' perspective . The statistical population of the study was composed of horticultural producers in Kerman province in 2015-2016 (=310). Sixty gardeners were picked up by Cochran formula and random cluster sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire and the research used a descriptive-correlational design. More than half of the gardeners had no knowledge about the leader producers in their area, and had never visited any sample farm. The leader producers were the fifth source of information, with only 11.1% of gardeners had received information from them. Overall, more than 60 percent of gardeners cited the effectiveness of leader producers as average. Gardeners who had less experience, higher education, more area under cultivation, and a high number of visits to agricultural departments, and were more satisfied with agricultural profession found leader producers to be more effective. The findings confirm the weak position of the leader producers among gardeners.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Latifah FAUZIAH, Roostita Lobo BALIA, Jajang GUMILAR

The five-year research devoted to the study of harvesting methods and desiccation effects on the yields and quality of oil seed flax of dual use was conducted in the field conditions on the dark-chestnut soil in the South of Ukraine during 2013-2017. The study defined the highest effectiveness of pre-harvesting desiccation of the crop by glufosinate ammonium in the dose 2 L ha-1 followed by direct harvesting that can increase the yield of flax seeds by 0.15 t ha-1 or by 11.9%, and the yield of flax straw – by 0.22 t ha-1 or by 12.7%. At the same time, the increase in the yield is accompanied by the improvement of qualitative parameters of the straw through better orientation of the stems in a roll, the share of fibres, which are longer than 200 mm, in comparison with the separate harvesting increases by 8%, and the contamination of the straw decreases 3 times in comparison to the variant without desiccation. Desiccation conducted by using glyphosate preparation in the dose 3 L ha-1 allowed increasing of the net profit by 15.67 euro ha-1.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Roman STUPEN, Ruslana TARATULA, Oksana STUPEN, Zoriana RYZHOK

Yeast has enormous potential as a biological agent in producing protein, one of that is Candida apicola. The cell wall of yeast Candida apicola generally contains 90% mannoprotein. Mannoprotein is bond between manna with protein. Mannoprotein can be used as an emulsifier at some food products and also has antimicrobial character. This research is aim to obtain the growth curve and to know the emulsification activity, and also the level of produced protein. This research was begun by creating the growth curve, and the parameter used to know the growth curve of yeast cell Candida apicola was optical density (OD), pH and dry biomass. The optimum incubation time was generated at 70th hour marked by the highest absorbance value as much as 1.9044 A, at pH 4.6, and the amount of biomass 0.0177 g/mL. Then, it was followed by measuring the emulsification activity and protein. The emulsification activity, which was generated, was 42% with the protein level of 1.6850 mg/ml.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Tünde-Orsolya DÉNES, Daniela-Roxana TĂMAŞ-GAVREA, Ancuţa Elena TIUC, Raluca IŞTOAN

In the conditions of integration of Romania in the European Union, a profitable and modern agriculture is one of the main conditions for having a competitive economy. That is why, the management of agricultural farms, no matter what their size, is very important in achieving this goal. The paper presents studies and researches made on farm processing machinery management, which is a very important step in a good farm management. We analysed the measures processing operations which are required before the crop may be fed or stored, especially reducing machinery and drying machinery. In what concerns the reducing machinery, we have presented all the types of these machines with their particular characteristics and advantages. We also analysed their mechanisms and the possible adjustments that can be made and presented the importance of drying machines in the final result of farm management and have found the time limits for safe storage of shelled corn.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Elena STOIAN, Valentin ȘERBAN

The paper analyzed the trends in natural fiber production pointing out the changes in silk and wool production, export and import worldwide and in the main producing, exporting and importing countries in the period 2007-2018 using official statistical data which were processed using Fixed Index, Trend Method based on polynomial and linear models, Descriptive statistics, and comparisons. The production of natural fibers was 111.3 million tons, representing 35 % of the global fiber production. Cotton accounts for 80 % of the natural fiber output, while wool 3.3% and silk 0.2 %. The demand for natural fibers is increasing due their special qualities which satisfy the best people desire to wear and use natural things and the large range of products which could be obtained. In 2018, the world silk output was 159,648 metric tons by 32.11 % more than in 2007. China and India produce 97.19 % of the world silk output, and also are exporting and importing countries. The USA, Italy, Japan, India, France, China, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany are the principal importing countries. The global wool production (clean) declined from 1,202 thousand tons in 2007 to 1,155 thousand tons in 2018, due to the reduction of sheep population and new orientation to meat production. The main wool (clean) producing countries are: Australia, China, New Zealand, CIS, Argentina, United Kingdom, South Africa and Uruguay. The consumption is represented by 48 % apparel wool, 31 % interior textiles and 21% industrial wool. Australia exports garments, sweaters, men suits and women overcoats, China exports yarn and knitwear, Italy is the 2nd exporter of wool yarn, fabric, men’s and women’s woven wear and knitwear, India is the largest exporter of carpets and rugs, the United Kingdom is profiled on fabric, knitwear, women’s wear and carpets. The main importing countries of wool products are: the United Kingdom, Italy, the USA, Japan, China, Australia, and Germany. As a conclusion, natural fibers of animal origin are desired by consumers and their increasing demand stimulates producers and traders to intensify their business to better satisfy clients' needs.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Łukasz SATOŁA

The absolute and relative dynamics of the tourist arrivals in Botoșani County in the period 2009-2018 highlights the increase with 68.21% of the number of tourists in the year 2018 compared to 2009. The highest difference reported to the number of tourists arrived in the county during the base year has been recorded in the year 2017 (+87.3%). Compared to the previous year,it had been recorded increases up to 31.21% (in 2011). Overall, the average level of arrivals was 38,192 thousand persons, with an absolute average increase of 2.12 thousand persons, respectively a relative increase of 5.9%. The analysis of the absolute and relative dynamics of overnight stays in the same period, in Botoşani County, reveals that their number grew significantly in 2018 compared to 2009 (+48.68%), the highest increase compared to the base year being achieved in 2017 (+69.38%); compared to the previous year it have been recorded increases up to 32.54% (in 2014). During the whole analysed period, the average level of the overnight stays had the value of 68,795 thousand persons, with an absolute average growth of 2.93 thousand persons, respectively a relative growth of 4%. The average length of stay was about 1.81 days, with an absolute average decrease of 0.024 days. The analysis of the absolute and relative dynamics of tourist density in the period 20092018 indicates that this has almost doubled in 2018 compared to 2009 (+97.09%), the highest increase compared to the base year being obtained in the year 2017 (+116.47%). Compared to the previous year, it have been recorded increases up to 31.79% (in 2011). Overall, the average level of turist density had the value of 9.34 tourists/100 inhabitants, with an absolute average increase of 0.66 tourists/100 inhabitants, respectively a relative increase of 7.8%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 4
Written by Petro MELNIK, Oksana DREBOT

Sausages are a popular food product based on meat, are generally high in cholesterol which has a negative impact on health. One effort that can be done is to make functional sausages by adding cooked meat to the processed products. Bekasam is a traditional fermented product made from fish, but can be replaced with meat because it has a high enough protein of 16-22%. The starter used in making bekasam is Lactobacillus plantarum which is a homofermentative lactic acid bacteria. The role of lactic acid bacteria during the fermentation process can hydrolyze proteins and produce bioactive components in meat that function for health so it is expected to become functional food. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the comparison of the concentration of beef and bekasam meat on the physical quality of sausage products. The study was conducted experimentally, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments comparing the concentration of beef and used meat as follows: P1 (100% beef), P2 (75% beef and 25% Bekasam meat), P3 (50% beef and 50% meat used), P4 (25% beef and 75% bekasam meat) and P5 (100% bekasam meat). The results showed that the giving of bekasam meat in making sausages had an influence on the water holding capacity, cooking losses, tenderness and pH of sausages.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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