ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Tarek Mahmoud ATTAFY, Mohamed Sobhy KHATAB, Nermeen Mohammed TOLBA

This research was conducted at El-Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, Gharbia Governorate, middle of the Nile Delta, Egypt, during the winter seasons of 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 to determine the effect of different bed-furrow irrigation management strategies on irrigation efficiency, wheat grain yield and its components and quality parameters. The field experiment was designed in RCBD and included: basin-flooding (control, Tf) and bed-furrow with three irrigation times as a percentage of advance time (Ta); T1=Ta,T2=1.20Ta, and T3=1.30Ta. The results revealed that; increasing irrigation time had a simple effect on the Ta while had an obvious effect on the depletion and recession time. The T1 saved 23.3% of irrigation water compared to the Tf, increasing irrigation time increased water applied. The soil moisture content in the Tf was higher than in the bed-furrow treatments. Increasing irrigation time increased the moisture content in the furrows and within the beds. Bed-furrow enhanced irrigation efficiency compared to Tf. The highest application efficiency and distribution uniformity values were 76.6, 74.7 and 80.7, 82.3%, which were achieved by T3 treatment. Bed-furrow increased wheat grain yield compared to Tf. The T3 treatment is superior in grain yield with values of 3107 and 3185 kg fed-1.Bed-furrow enhanced the 1000 grain weight and spike length, while Tf surpassed in the number of spikes and straw yield. The highest water productivity was 1.87 and 1.67 kg m-3 achieved by T1. There is no significant difference in quality parameters except for dry gluten, the highest values achieved by T2 treatment.

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ATTAFY T.M., KHATAB M.S., TOLBA N.M. 2023, IMPACT OF SURFACE IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT ON WHEAT YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS IN EGYPT . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 75-84.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Elena PETREANU, Silvia ZAHARCO

The study presents relevant aspects regarding the conduct of the audit in agricultural entities and, namely, its planning stage. Determination of the materiality threshold, in terms of financial situations on the one hand and account balances and transactions on the other hand, is a crucial component in the field of audit planning. Contributing factors in approaching this subject constituted the extension in the Republic of Moldova of the demand for an audit obligation in medium and large companies and, as well, the lack of studies in the area of audit of the agricultural entities. After presenting the importance and concepts related to the materiality threshold, the author revealed the method which is considered appropriate for determining the materiality threshold in the framework of audit planning in agricultural entities. As a result of the application of the described method, emphasis is placed on the relationship between the relative value of the materiality and the risk of incorrect organization of the accounting of the agricultural entity; the particularities of the agricultural activity are also taken into account.

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PETREANU E., ZAHARCO S. 2023, IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF THE AUDIT PLANNING IN AGRICULTURAL ENTITIES FROM THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 637-642.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Oleksandr MYKHALKO, Victor OPARA, Iryna LEVCHENKO, Mykola PRIHODKO, Igor RUBTSOV, Tetiana CHERNIAVSKA

It was analyzed how the content of fatty acids in the milk of Saanen goats and goats of Ukrainian breeding depended on the breed of goats. The experiment was based on a comparison of the content of fatty acids in the milk of 20 goats, of which 10 were Saanen goats and 10 were of Ukrainian local selection. Milk samples were taken monthly and analyzed for total and individual fatty acid content. The content of individual fatty acids was determined using the ion-exchange liquid column chromatography method. The results of the experiment showed that the profile of individual fatty acids was significantly affected by breed and season, but the amount of unsaturated fatty acids was unchanged throughout the year in Saanen and Ukrainian local breed goats. Goats of local Ukrainian selection gave milk with a higher content of monounsaturated fatty acids compared to their counterparts. The content of unsaturated fatty acids, including polyunsaturated acids, increased in warm months in goats of both breeds.

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MYKHALKO O., OPARA V., LEVCHENKO I., PRIHODKO M., RUBTSOV I., CHERNIAVSKA T. 2023, INFLUENCE OF BREED AND SEASON ON THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF GOAT MILK . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 549-558.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Alexander ЕSAULKO, Elena PISMENNAYA, Evgeny GOLOSNOY, Alena OZHEREDOVA, Vladimir KLETS

The regulation of plants mineral nutrition using complex microfertilizers makes it possible to increase the productive capacity of wheat by optimizing physiological processes. Microelements that are part of enzymatic systems improve metabolism, contribute to the normal course of physiological processes that affect photosynthesis. Under the influence of microelements, the resistance of plants to diseases and adverse environmental conditions increases, the assimilation of macroelements from the soil and fertilizers improves. The lack of minor elements leads to a violation of the physiological processes in the plant's body and, as a result, a decrease in yield and a deterioration in its quality. The combination of various minor elements forms various types of microfertilizers. The goal of this research was represented by the microfertilizers Atlantica "Raikat Development", "All Inclusive", Wuxal "Microplant", Polidon "Complex", introduced on a different agricultural background (without fertilizers, recommended –N90P60 and calculated –N186P95K45). An integrated approach was used, carried out in 2020–2022 in the moderate moisture zone in the Central Ciscaucasia, based on the use of field measurements of the spectral properties of the winter wheat plants physiological state and laboratory studies of micro- and macroelements of fertilizers. A dispersion analysis of the indicators correlation reflecting the physiological state of plants, nitrogen and winter wheat yields was carried out on various agricultural backgrounds.

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ESAULKO A., PISMENNAYA E., GOLOSNOY E., OZHEREDOVA A., KLETS V. 2023, INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND PRODUCTION CAPABILITY OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER MODERATE HUMIDIFICATION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 301-306.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Vasili Vasilije OSTOJIĆ, Bojan SAVIĆ, Zorica SREDOJEVIĆ

Different capital structures and their impact on firm performance are one of the most studied topics in the finance literature. This study is an attempt to assess the impact of financial structure on profitability of agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Serbia, with the aim of evaluating the importance and nature of the contribution of the total, short-term and long-term aspects of debt to the success of the company. The financial performance of the selected sample of 38 medium and large agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Serbia was analysed in the period from 2018 to 2021. The findings of this paper indicate that total debt and short-term debt significantly determine the return on equity, while the effect of long-term debt is insignificant. The nature of the impact of all three aspects of financial structure is negative. The inclusion of size and growth of sales in the regression models showed that only annual sales growth significantly positively determines profitability.

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OSTOJIC V.V., SAVIC B., SREDOJEVIC Z. 2023, INFLUENCE OF INDEBTEDNESS ON PROFITABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 605-608.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Petro BOIKO, Nataliia KOVALENKO, Yevgen YURKEVYCH, Serhii ALBUL, Nataliia VALENTIUK

The article examines the prospects of Ukraine on the world grain market and ways to increase the efficiency of maize cultivation using environmentally safe technologies in the conditions of the negative impact of climate change and other stress factors. The methodological approach takes into account the peculiarities of agrarian production based on the use of data of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, United States Department of Agriculture, United Nations, Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine and State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The dynamics of world production and export of maize grain, sown areas, production and yield of maize in Ukraine are demonstrated, which directly focuses attention on the competitiveness of Ukrainian maize on the world grain market. These arguments are confirmed by analytical results, which show that in 2022, among the world leaders of maize grain producers, Ukraine took fifth place, and among exporters – fourth. In order to mitigate the impact of climate change and other stress factors on the effective production and export of Ukrainian maize, adaptation measures are proposed, which consist in the application of modern technologies, which include: optimization of the structure of sown areas and scientifically based crop rotations with the effective use of competitive varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops, the introduction of organic and mineral fertilizers and plant protection products, the use of soil protective tillage, sideration and mulching, irrigation systems, and also the productive use of plant residues with the application of modern biodestructors. Their comprehensive implementation will contribute to the development of maize yield, grain quality, preservation of biodiversity and the solution of the grain-food problem in the world.

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BOIKO P., KOVALENKO N., YURKEVYCH Y., ALBUL S., VALENTIUK N. 2023, MAIZE PRODUCTION AND TRADE AND SCIENTIFIC-TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS TO MITIGATE CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT IN UKRAINE. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 103-112.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Toma Adrian DINU, Elena STOIAN, Valentin ŞERBAN

The aim of this study is to analyze milk resources availabilities and utilizations in their dynamics in the period 2014-2021 pointing out the state of production, import, export and availabilities for human consumption in order to assess in what measure food security and efficiency in milk trade are assured. The data provided by National Institute of Statistics were processed using fixed basis index, regression equations, determination coefficient, graphically illustration and comparison method. In 2021 versus 2014, the results reflected that: utilizable internal production declined by 9.3%, accounting for 51,750; availabilities for human consumption remained relatively stable, in 2021 being 48,881 thousand hl (+ 0.53%). The weight of availability of milk for human consumption in utilizable internal milk production increased from 85.21 % to 94.45%. Import reached 12,988 thousand hl, being 2.58 times higher. The share of import in availability for human consumption increased by 16.28 pp, reaching 26.57%. Milk export was by + 57.28% higher attaining 3,152 thousand hl. The share of export in utilizable production went up from 3.51% to 6.09%. Export/import ratio declined from 0.40 in 2014 to 0.24 in 2021, reflecting a negative milk trade balance. Milk consumption per capita reached 255.6 kg in 2021, being by 4.66% higher than in 2014. In 2021, a Romanian could consume in average 721.3 g milk per day compared to 689.1 g in 2014. The self-sufficiency rate decreased from 95% in 2014 to 84.02 % in 2021, due to the decline in utilized internal production. To diminish milk crisis, it is needed to offer more subsidies for sustaining dairy farming and to stop the decline in the number of dairy cows, in milk production and marketed milk and reduce imports. Processors have to offer Euro 0.5 per milk kg to Romanian farmers and not a discriminatory price of Euro 0.2.-03. Imports have to be reduced and export to be encouraged after assuring the market requirements by internal production. In this way, both self-sufficiency rate and the efficiency in milk trade could be improved.

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POPESCU A., DINU T.A., STOIAN E., SERBAN V. 2023, MILK CRISIS IN ROMANIA REFLECTED BY FOOD BALANCE, 2014-2021 . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 689-700.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Ana Cornelia BUTCARU, Ionela Mițuko VLAD, Cosmin Alexandru MIHAI, Liliana BĂDULESCU, Gina FÎNTÎNERU, Florin STĂNICĂ

This study aims to present the life cycle cost (LCC) for 1 kg of pear produced using organic technology in Southern Romania. Two principal stages were depicted: production stage costs (PC) and Transport costs (TC). For each stage, investment and operational costs were determined. Pear orchard establishment (POE), the first I-III years of orchard management (without harvest) (OM.I-III), and IV-XX years of orchard management (OM.IV-XX) were analyzed considering the elemental activities included. Three scenarios were applied for fertilization: (S1) compost produced at the farm level using a composter Oklin GG-50S combined with the one produced on outdoor platform in the farm, mainly from vegetable sources. (S2) compost from the outdoor platform for organic residues, and (S3) acquisition of a commercial organic fertilizer. The total LCC for 1 kg of pear ranged between 0.400 € (S2), 0.481 € (S3), and 0.496 € (S1). Details regarding the LCC components and optimization were presented.

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BUTCARU A.C., VLAD I.M., MIHAI C.A., BADULESCU L., FINTINERU G., STANICA F. 2023, MODELLING LIFE CYCLE COST ANALYSIS (LCCA) SCENARIOS ON THE USE OF COMPOST IN ORGANIC PEAR ORCHARD IN ROMANIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 139-148.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Eltaher MADY, Nouri AL BAY, Ashraf SWIDAN, Shaimaa SALAH

The objective of this study was the possibility of using infrared thermography IR to detect and continuously monitor for lettuce plants growing conditions. Also, discernment plants stresses under the shortage of nitrogen and irrigation water. The results showed for Lettuce plants, At the level of fertilization (0%), the maximum values of lettuce the lowest values for MTD maximum temperature difference, and normalized relative canopy temperature NRCT were 0.673 and 0.1 °C at irrigation systems ETC 100% and ETC 50% and nitrogen fertilization systems at 0% level.. And ETC 50% and systems and nitrogen fertilization level 100%. In the fourth level of fertilization (150%), the maximum value of leaf temperature was 24, 23, 22.5, and 23 °C and NRCT was 5.5 and 3.5 °C, and the lowest values for MTD and NRCT were 0.82, 0.28 °C, and 0.018 °C at 0.018 °C. Irrigation ETC 100% and ETC 50% and systems and nitrogen fertilization standard 150%. Also crop water stress index increased from 0.18. at the initial stage to 0.4. and at rapid stage, mid-season stage, and late season stage increased from 0.28 to 0.45, from 0.3 to 0.5, and from 0.31 to 0.59 respectively at constant irrigation level (0%) and the fertilization level from 0 % to 100%, also the index of stomatal conductance with the same trend the crop water stress index increased from 0.51. at the initial stage to 1.26. and at rapid stage, mid-season stage, and late season stage increased from 0.36 to 2.14, from 0.93 to 3.52, and from 0.95 to 5.52 respectively at constant irrigation level (0%) and the fertilization level from 0 % to 50%.

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FOUDA T., MADY E., AL BAY N., SWIDAN A., SALAH S. 2023, MONITORING WATER AND HEAT STRESS OF LETTUCE CROP BY USING INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 331-342.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4
Written by Ionuţ Silviu BEIA, Roxana CICEOI, Violeta Elena BEIA, Liliana BĂDULESCU, Dragos Ion SMEDESCU, Alexandru FÎNTÎNERU

Mycotoxin contamination in animal feed is a significant point of concern within the European food supply network. These toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi have the potential to contaminate feed and pose a risk of making their way into the human diet via animal products like meat, milk, and eggs. The consequences of mycotoxin contamination extend beyond animal health, affecting economies and public health, presenting complex issues for agricultural producers, regulatory bodies, and consumers. Even with stringent controls and surveillance in place, mycotoxins remain a persistent issue. This study provides updated findings on the prevalence of mycotoxins globally and specifically in Europe, with a focus on analyzing the incidence of ochratoxin A both worldwide and within European contexts. The dispersion of mycotoxina within a given region can have considerable economic consequences for the trade of animal feed, directing stakeholders toward making informed decisions about the types of analyses in which they should allocate more resources.

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BEIA I.S., CICEOI R., BEIA V.E., BADULESCU L., SMEDESCU D.I., FINTINERU A. 2023, MYCOTOXINS - INCIDENCE, IMPACT ON FEED, FOOD SAFETY, FOOD CHAIN AND ECONOMIC LOSSES . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 85-94.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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