ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Abeer ABDELSALAM, Atef SWILAM, Mohamed El DIDAMONY

The research aimed to develop and evaluate the raised bed machine to suit faba bean planting with local materials. Metering plates were designed with different shapes index and slots shapes suitable for faba bean planting and tested at the Department of Agriculture Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt. The raised bed machine was tested and evaluated under three different forward speeds (2, 3.5, and 4.5 km/h), and three different planting distances (D1, D2, and D3 were 15, 20, and 25 cm). The results indicated that the lowest percentage of missing hills, seed damage, germination ratio, and dispersion ratio were 1.4%,1.2%, 97.57%, and 8.5% at a forward speed of 2km/h and planting distance of 15 cm. The highest value of the actual field capacity, the lowest value of specific energy, and the lowest value of operating costs were 1.25 fed/h, 11. 66kW.h/fed, and 280 L.E./faddan (4,200 m2), respectively for first metering plate (TPU Materials, Hole Length 19mm, Hole Width15mm, Slot Shape Ellipse and Shape Index1.76. Linear regression analysis were performed to predict the operating parameters for the raised bed machine the machine at different forward speeds during different planting distances.

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FOUDA T., ABDELSALAM A., SWILAM A., DIDAMONY M.E. 2024, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF RAISED BED MACHINE TO SUIT FABA BEAN PLANTING . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 427-442.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Eltaher MADY, Nouri AL BAY, Shimaa SALAH

This study demonstrated the possibility of using the digital image model and Detect The RGB Colour Vegetation Indicators for Cabbage and Lettuce Crop under nitrogen deficiency and water deficiency. For cabbage, the results show the relationship between the vegetation indicators based on colour indicators and the different fertilization levels of cabbage crops, which were at level (50 ETC), indicating that the Hue index and vegetative reached their heights indicators in the fourth level of fertilization (150%) respectively, which amounted to 2.23 and 2.03. While their minimum indicators were the third level of fertilization and amounted to 2.10 and 0.64 respectively. For Lettuce, the results demonstrated the correlation between the color indicators and the fertilization level (0%), which was at level (100% ETC), during the third stage of irrigation. The simple red-green ratio, green-red vegetation index, and visible atmospherically resistant index all reached their maximum indicators on irrigation, amounting to 0.9, 0.84, and 1.07 respectively, while the simple blue-green ratio, green leaf was increasing until it reached 0.22, 0.73, then followed by the normalized green-blue difference whose maximum indicator reached 0.67 in the same period. As a result of irrigation, the RGB-based vegetation indexes 2 and 3 attained their maximum indicators, which were 5.56 and 6.74, respectively. After watering, the Hue index and vegetative indicators attained their respective peak values of 2.23 and 2.81. While their minimum markers were 2.16 and 2, respectively, before irrigation.

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FOUDA T., MADY E., AL BAY N., SALAH S. 2024, DISCRIMINATE THE SHORTAGE OF FERTILIZATION AND IRRIGATION FOR LEAFY PLANTS BY USING ALTERNATIVE REPRESENTATIONS OF THE RGB COLOR MODEL . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 381-394.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Eltaher MADY, Nouri AL BAY, Shaimaa SALAH

The objective of this research was to study of the correlation between RGB colour indicators and lead concentration in leafy plants. Cabbage and lettuce crops were watered with 3 levels of Lead Pb-contaminated (2.4 and 6 mg/lit). To distinguish the heavy metal contamination and their impact on vegetative characteristics for plants, the results showed with the levels of poisoning (0,2,4, and 6 mg/lit) showed the maximum value of Hue and vegetative were 0.76. and 0.032, also showed the minimum value for the same indices were 2.15 and 1.51. Also with the levels of poisoning (0,2,4, and 6mg/lit) showed the maximum value of simple red–green ratio and Green–red vegetation index was 1.61. and 0.23, also showed the minimum value for the same indices were 1.28 and 0.12. for Cabbage crops while for lettuce the results showed with the levels of poisoning (0, 2, 4, and 6 mg/lit) showed the maximum value of Hue and vegetative were 0.71. and 0.027, also showed the minimum value for the same indices were 0.41 and 0.024. Also with the levels of poisoning (0,2,4, and 6 mg/lit) showed the maximum value of simple red–green ratio and Green–red vegetation index was 1.65. and 0.43, also showed the minimum value for the same indices were 1.6 and 0.2. Linear regression analysis was performed on the equations to predict the monitoring Hue and vegetative and simple red–green ratio and Green–red vegetation index The red, green, blue band and intensity, the simple blue–green ratio addition to visible atmospherically resistant index simple green leaf and normalized green-blue difference index The RGB-based vegetation index 2 and RGB-based vegetation index 3 at different poisoning levels. The existence of a strong relationship between them and contains a high coefficient of determination.

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FOUDA T., MADY E., AL BAY N., SALAH S. 2024, DISTINGUISHING HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION IN GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES BY USING THE RGB COLOR MODEL . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 395-406.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Volodymyr SARIOGLO, Liudmyla LEVKOVSKA, Tetiana KOTENKO, Yuliia HOREMYKINA, Olena DIDKIVSKA, Mykhailo ROZBYTSKYI, Tetiana SHMATKOVSKA

In the article, we conducted a study of the dynamics of the formation of the labor market and employment of the rural population based on the materials of the Vinnytsia region of Ukraine. According to the results of the research, we found that the presence of fully functioning agricultural enterprises and the size of their main and variable production assets are the dominant factors influencing the employment of peasants in Ukraine. In addition, a rather powerful factor influencing the formation of employment indicators of the rural population is the dynamics of the growth of the number of personal peasant farms, which form a fairly significant share of the gross domestic product of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. In the article, we substantiated that the dominant type of employment in rural areas of the Vinnytsia region of Ukraine is personal farms. In the article, we substantiated that in rural areas of Vinnytsia region, the specific weight of such rural population in 2020 was 74.5% of the total number of employed persons. It is important that employment in peasant farms according to the current legislative field of Ukraine is not an officially registered form of employment, therefore the rural population working in this field actually forms the shadow sector of the economy.

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SARIOGLO V., LEVKOVSKA L., KOTENKO T., HOREMYKINA Y., DIDKIVSKA O., ROZBYTSKYI M., SHMATKOVSKA T. 2024, DYNAMICS OF FORMATION OF THE LABOUR MARKET AND EMPLOYMENT OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF UKRAINE: A CASE STUDY OF VINNYTSIA REGION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 857-866.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Kaothar Modupe IDRIS-ADENIYI, Ahmed Olugbenga BUSARI, Afusat Adunni ALABI, Khadijat Olaitan OLANREWAJU, Munir Karounwi Adegoke WAHAB, Sekinat IGE

The study investigated the profitability of oil palm processing venture in Ola Oluwa Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria. The sampled 120 respondents for the study were selected using a multistage sampling procedure. Field surveys were carried out using structured interview schedule to obtain primary data utilized for the study. Data analysis was carried out using frequencies, percentages, means, and regression analysis. Results of the descriptive analysis revealed that the majority of the respondents were middle-aged (mean = 58.43 years) (92.5%), married (55.83%), female (100%), having a mean of the household size of 5 persons per household. The majority (60.00%) of the respondents had no formal education; do not own an oil palm processing unit (77.31%); small-scale processors (44.54%), with a mean of 37.21 litres of palm oil per production cycle. The mean years of oil palm processing experience, total revenue, total production cost, gross margin, and net income from oil palm processing per year were 28.39 years, ₦243,472.900, ₦103,088.808, ₦155,521.592 and ₦140,384.092 respectively. Regression results revealed that the cost of oil palm bunches, the cost of firewood, the cost of kerosene, and matches, and the cost grinding were positive significant determinants of the level of gross margin from oil palm processing in the study area. Based on the findings, the study concluded that despite the profitability oil palm processing venture in the study area, it is operated on a small-scale predominantly by aged married and widowed women; hence provision of financial assistance through low-interest loans from agricultural banks or any other related financial institution would help improve their productivity.

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IDRIS-ADENIYI K.M., BUSARI A.O., ALABI A.A., OLANREWAJU K.O., WAHAB M.K.A., IGE S. 2024, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF OIL PALM PROCESSING IN OLA OLUWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OSUN STATE, NIGERIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 485-490.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Vecdi DEMIRCAN, Gurkan DIKEN, Deniz SARICA, Asli DALGIC

This study aims to conduct an economic analysis of the farms breeding rainbow trout in cages in Türkiye. The study was carried out at Karacaören-I Dam Lake in the Western Mediterranean Region of Türkiye. The primary material of the study was the data gathered using the survey approach from all 21 farms. The farms were divided into three groups according to their capacities. According to the results, it was determined that as the size of the farm increased, the production costs per tonne decreased, and the gross and net profits, as well as the relative return, increased. In Groups I, II, and III, production costs per tonne were determined as $1,975.57, $1,703.01, and $1,384.23, respectively, and net profit was $514.21, $724.60, and $1,388.31. It was found that the profit margin of 1 kg of trout and the ratio of profit margin to sales price increased as the farm groups grew. Accordingly, farms in Group III made a profit of 48.90% from each kg of trout they sold, while farms in Group I earned 18.33% and in Group II made a profit of 28.23%. With these results, it was established that large farms were more advantageous from an economic standpoint.

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DEMIRCAN V., DIKEN G., SARICA D., DALGIC A. 2024, ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF RAINBOW TROUT CAGE FARMS DIFFERING IN SIZES . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 295-304.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Anișoara DUMA COPCEA, Casiana MIHUȚ, Teodor MATEOC SÎRB

The choice of aggregates is also made depending on the direct operating costs. If two aggregates, according to the cost of the works, require the same production costs, the one that satisfies the requirements of the machine system is chosen. When performing works with different agricultural aggregates, the optimal option is always chosen, which is evaluated according to the minimum value of the number of aggregates that take part in the execution of the work or according to the minimum value of time, respectively according to fuel consumption. Agricultural aggregates, while moving on the ground, consume a large amount of energy, which is why the problem arises of determining, on a scientific basis, some constructive and operating parameters at which the energy consumption is minimal. The present work presents an analysis of the consumption and costs of mechanised works and materials used in maize in the territory of Gurasada commune, Hunedoara County, Romania, in the year 2022-2023, in order to optimize the cultural technology. The mechanization technology for corn crop in the studied area was realized on a soil with high fertility. The agricultural machinery used for the applied technology is the one that the farm has. The main mechanization works for corn cultivation were: land fertilization, land preparation, ploughing, sowing, weeding, mechanical harrowing, as well as harvesting. After studying the corn crop over a longer period taking into account the pedo-climatic conditions as well as the productions obtained, we can conclude the following: can be obtained good yields if a series of recommendations given in the conclusions will be respected. In order to obtain a profit in the corn culture, it is recommended to use drought-resistant hybrids with high production potential.

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DUMA COPCEA A., MIHUT C., MATEOC SIRB T. 2024, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE MECHANISATION TECHNOLOGY IN MAIZE . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 353-362.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Zorica SREDOJEVIĆ, Danilо GAZDIĆ, Boško GAJIĆ, Nevena ČULE

The production of plum and cherry, as stone fruit species, occupy a significant place in the plant agricultural activity of the Republic of Serbia. In this paper, on the basis of data from selected family holdings in the southern part of Serbia, the production results and evaluation of the economic justification of these two fruit species were investigated. Data collected through a survey were used for the research, and the economic evaluation was performed using static calculative methods. The most important economic indicators determined were: cost price, net profit (average amount), accumulativeness expressed through the rate and time period of investment capital. When producing plums, the average annual financial result is from 503,490 RSD/ha to 594,340 RSD/ha. The analysis determined that by investing RSD 100/ha in production of plum, 40 RSD is accumulated, and the average annual net profit is 425,313 RSD/ha. From the average amounts of net profit, investments made in raising plum trees plantations (1,080,000 RSD/ha) can be recovered during the third year of its exploitation. Although the yield of cherry per unit area is lower compared to the yield of plum, better economic results in the amount of 535,800 RSD/ha to 682,920 RSD/ha are achieved due to a much more favorable selling price per unit measure. For every RSD 100 invested in cherry production, 48 RSD of accumulation is achieved. The average net profit amounts to 492,099 RSD/ha, and the investments made in raising plantations of cherry trees (1,020,000 RSD/ha) can be recovered in the third year of its exploitation. In recent years, cherry have been very profitable fruit species in Serbia, due to the high demand and favorable selling price. With permanent education of fruit producers, as well as with various support measures at the state and local level, it is possible to contribute to the improvement of the existing business and improve the profitability of plums and cherry production.

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SREDOJEVIC Z., GAZDIC D., GAJIC B., CULE N. 2024, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF PRODUCTION OF PLUM AND CHERRY ON FAMILY HOLDINGS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 949-956.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Silviu Ionuţ BEIA, Marius CONSTANTIN, Elena-Mădălina DEACONU, Violeta Elena BEIA, Florea Cosmin NICOLAIE, Dragos SMEDESCU, Cosmina SMEDESCU

In addressing the critical interplay between market dynamics and food security within Romania's swine meat market, amidst evolving economic and social challenges, the research aimed to elucidate the roles of elasticity dynamics and trade balance performance in ensuring a high food security level. Utilizing data from 2011 to 2022, the analysis employed key elasticity metrics—price elasticity of demand (PED), income elasticity of demand (IED), factor elasticity of demand (FED), and income elasticity of the swine meat trade balance's deficit (IET)—to dissect the complex interactions configuring demand, supply, and international trade dependencies. The methodology was grounded on quantitative analyses, contrasting year-over-year and base-year elasticities to capture both immediate and longitudinal market responses to socio-economic stimuli. This detailed approach uncovered pertinent findings: despite general price inelasticity in swine meat demand, significant fluctuations in response to income changes and production factors were observed, with 2015 marking a year of heightened sensitivity due to external factors like the African swine fever outbreak. This study underscores the imperative of leveraging elasticity analyses to inform the development of agricultural policies aimed at enhancing domestic production, managing trade deficits, and ultimately reinforcing Romania's food security socio-economic infrastructure against the backdrop of global market volatilities and domestic supply constraints.

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BEIA S.I., CONSTANTIN M., DEACONU E.M., BEIA V.E., NICOLAIE F.C., SMEDESCU D., SMEDESCU C. 2024, ELASTICITY DYNAMICS AND TRADE BALANCE PERFORMANCE AS METRICS FOR FOOD SECURITY – AN ASSESSMENT OF ROMANIA'S SWINE MEAT MARKET . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 107-116.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Anca PANDA, Marinel Nicolae HORABLAGA, Florin SALA

The study analyzed three genotypes of industrial hemp, Cannabis sativa L., under the aspect of fiber productivity indices in relation to plant parameters. The study took place in ARDS Lovrin, Romania. The genotypes Silvana (control), Teodora and Lv-300 were evaluated. The experiment took place under the conditions of a chernozem type soil, non-irrigated system. Several parameters and indexes were analyzed: total plant weight (TPW), stem length (SL), inflorescence length (IL), technical length (TL), middle stem diameter (MSD), dry sample weight (DSW), dry fiber content (DFC), pure fiber weight (PFW), and technical fiber (TF). The DFC index showed positive correlations with SL (r=0.708***), with MSD (r=0.712***), with DSW (r=0.739***), with TPW (r=0.546**), and with TL (r=0.399*). The PFW index showed negative correlations with TPW (r=-0.493**) and with DSW (r=-0.373*). Technical fiber (TF) showed very strong, positive correlations with PFW (r=0.999***) and negative correlations with other parameters (e.g. with TPW, r=-0.493**, with DSW, r=-0.373*). From the comparative analysis of Teodora in relation to Silvana, average values TFT=31.355 (Teodora) and TFS=28.388 (Silvana) resulted, and the differences showed statistical certainty (t=2.5948, with p=0.013; U=72, p=0.0045; p<0.05). From the comparative analysis of Lv-300 in relation to Silvana (control), mean values TFT=29.357 (Lv-300) and TFS=28.388 (Silvana) resulted, but the differences did not show statistical certainty (t=0.763, with p=0.451; U=117, p=0.158; p>0.05). The regression analysis led to equations and graphic models that described the variation of fiber productivity indices in relation to plant biometric parameters.

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PANDA A., HORABLAGA M.N., SALA F. 2024, ELEMENTS OF PRODUCTIVITY AND FIBER QUALITY IN INDUSTRIAL HEMP, Cannabis sativa L.. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 715-724.

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