ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Horia Nicolae CIOCAN, Agatha POPESCU, Reta CONDEI, Ionela Mițuko VLAD, Valentin ȘERBAN

The recent implementation of a 1% turnover tax on companies exceeding €50 million in annual turnover by the Romanian government aims to secure a minimum tax contribution from large corporations, a move that directly impacts those in the grain trade, where profit margins are well-known slimdue to the volatile nature of global market prices and fierce competition. The analysis conducted in this study highlights the financial dynamics of the last five years for the largest grain trading entities in Romania, such as Ameropa, Cargill, CHS, COFCO, and Viterra. The simulation of the 1% turnover tax reveals a dramatic increase in tax liabilities for these companies, with the projected tax payments under the new regime nearly equating to their combined gross profits of €196.96 million, a stark rise from the €32.32 million paid under the old profit tax system.This significant increase in tax burden underscores the potential risks and challenges facing the agricultural sector. For grain trading companies, the new tax could necessitate a re-evaluation of cost structures and operational efficiencies to maintain profitability. The study suggests that these companies may have to adjust their purchasing prices or seek other avenues to offset the increased fiscal demands, potentially affecting the entire supply chain, including Romanian farmers.Farmers, in turn, could see a reduction in their income and investment capacity due to lower purchase prices for their produce, complicating the financial sustainability of rural areas. Furthermore, the limited ability to pass on additional costs in the export market, given the competitiveness of global prices, could strain the sector's profitability.

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CIOCAN H.N., POPESCU A., CONDEI R., VLAD I.M., SERBAN V. 2024, NAVIGATING FISCAL WATERS AND STRATEGIC SHIFTS: ASSESSING THE RISK AND IMPACT OF ROMANIA'S 1% TURNOVER TAX ON COMMODITIES TRADERS, SUPPLY CHAIN IMPLICATIONS, ANDAGRICULTURAL SECTOR SUSTAINABILITY . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 253-264.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Valentin ŞERBAN, Horia Nicolae CIOCAN

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dynamics of raw silk production in the period 2011-2022 at the global level and in the top six producing countries using the official data and usual methods in such a research: fixed basis and structural indices, descriptive statistics, regression equations, coefficient of determination, correlations, absolute and relative differences, comparisons etc. The results showed that, at the global level, raw silk production accounted for 91,221 Metric tons in the year 2022 being by 30% smaller than in 2011. The top silk producing countries are China, India, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Thailand and Brazil. While in China, Thailand and Brazil production has substantially declined (- 52%, -33.5%, -23%), in India, Uzbekistan and Vietnam silk production increased by 58.6%, 116.7% and 113.4%. The share of all these six countries in the global production is 99.2%. In 2022, the highest weight belongs to China (54.8%) and India (40.1%). It is expected as silk production to raise taking into account that it is an eco and skin friendly product, and also a biodegradable product, while synthetic fibers are polluting. However, the high production cost, market price fluctuation and other restraining factors could affect small farmers dealing with sericiculture. For the developing countries, silkworm rearing and silk production sector is a profitable business which offer jobs, income, a better living standard, reducing poverty, hungry, gender discrimination, preserving biodiversity and conserving soil quality and contributing to the sustainable development in the rural areas.

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POPESCU A., SERBAN V., CIOCAN H.N. 2024, NEW TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL SILK PRODUCTION IN THE PERIOD 2011-2022 . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 775-786.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Olanike Fasilat DEJI, Michael FAMAKINWA, Ebunoluwa Oyindamola FANIYI, Toyin Femi OJO, Aanuoluwapo Oladipupo OPAYINKA

Digitalization of agriculture has been identified as panacea to the problem of food security to teeming population, although its uses for agricultural extension services is still evolving and challenging among extension professionals. This study examined the opportunities and challenges of using AI-based digital tools for agricultural extension services in Nigeria; the study described the socioeconomic characteristics of extension professionals and identified the effects of its usage on extension service delivery. An online questionnaire was used to gather primary data from 131 agricultural extension professionals drawn across the states in Nigeria. Frequency counts, percentages and means were used to analyse and summarize the data collected. The result reveals that majority (75.6%) were male with a mean age of 48.1±15.8 years. The respondents mostly identified provision for real-time insights into the farms and landscape (97.7%) and provision of reliable farm data (75.6%) as the major opportunities for AI-based Digital tools for agricultural extension service, while lengthy technology adoption Process (94.7%) and higher technical skills (70.2%) were the major challenges identified with the use of AI-based digital tools for agricultural extension services by the respondents. The study also reveals that respondents mostly indicated timely enhancement of communication (88.5%) and provision of an update on best practices globally (64.1%) as the key effects of AI-based digital for agricultural extension services. The study recommends that capacity building of extension professionals and farmers; involvement of farmers and other agriculture value chain stakeholders in the development of digital technologies; as well as provision of digital infrastructures and enablers which are germane for digitalization and utilisation of AI-based digital tools for agricultural extension service delivery in Nigeria.

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DEJI O.F., FAMAKINWA M., FANIYI E.O., OJO T.F., OPAYINKA A.O. 2024, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH AI-BASED DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES USAGE FOR AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN NIGERIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 287-294.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Leomarich F. CASINILLO, Karen Luz P. YAP

This article elucidated the level of abaca production in Eastern Visayas, Philippines, and developed a statistical model that determined its significant governing factors. A cross-sectional survey and primary data collection were done to gather sufficient information through a face-to-face interview with a random sample of 349 abaca farmers. The study used standard statistical metrics to describe the data and presented it in a tabular form. In addition, ordinal regression was employed to model the factors governing the level of abaca production in the Region and tested its significance at standard level. Results portrayed that, on average, the production of the abaca industry in Eastern Visayas is considered at a moderate level. This implies that the abaca production in the region has still room for improvement. It is found that abaca farmers in the region only interact with the traders and have no engagement with other players such as enablers (PhilFIDA, SUCs, and LGU) due to some constraints. The results of the first ordinal regression revealed that the factors affecting the level of abaca production are the age of farmers (𝜌1=0.027, p-value=0.003) and the size of the farm (𝜌6=-0.564, p-value<0.001). This implies that older farmers are more knowledgeable in applying innovative techniques that enhance production activities. Moreover, the smaller size of the abaca farm is easy to manage and apply technologies to improve production levels as opposed to bigger farms. The second ordinal regression showed that farming experience (𝜆4=0.015, p-value=0.038) is a significant predictor of abaca production level which indicates that experienced farmers are more productive and competitive.

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CASINILLO L.F., YAP K.L.P. 2024, ORDINAL REGRESSION MODELING FOR THE LEVEL OF ABACA PRODUCTION IN EASTERN VISAYAS, PHILIPPINES . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 167-176.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Marko ŠOSTAR, Hrvoje BUDIĆ, Ines ŠKOKO

The research aims to analyze the EU funding for agriculture as well as the administrative obstacles of the national public bodies in using these funds for Croatian family farms/entrepreneurship and the role of policymakers in increasing the efficiency of absorbing funds from this source. Administrative barriers that appear at the national level were analyzed, with an emphasis on those that arise in procedures when applying for EU fund competitions, the financial approval process, and the criteria and conditions of the competitions themselves. The data used in the empirical analysis included 284 respondents who were surveyed through a questionnaire. The respondents were private consultants working on the preparation and implementation of projects funded from EU funds and were surveyed based on their many years of experience. Consultants from all regions in Croatia were covered to ensure more reliable results. The results show that delays in the preparation of national strategic documents significantly affect the reduction of efficiency in the use of EU funds. The most significant impact on the reduction of efficiency in the absorption of funds from EU sources is due to unreliable publication plans, prolonged project application assessments, frequent changes to competition documentation, and competition misalignment with the possibilities and needs of potential applicants. In contrast, less influence comes from unclearly defined competition conditions and the way (model) competitions are announced. The research aims to assist national authorities and provide guidelines to reduce administrative barriers, making it easier to finance projects for companies, public institutions, and other potential applicants.

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ŠOSTAR M., BUDIC H., ŠKOKO I. 2024, OVERCOMING ADMINISTRATIVE OBSTACLES IN FINANCING CROATIAN FARMERS AND ENTREPRENEURS: THE POLICY DIMENSION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION'S FUND ABSORPTION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 937-948.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Abdu Karniliyus TASHIKALMA, Dengle Yuniyus GIROH

Resource allocation and productivity are important aspect of increased food production which is also associated with the management of the farmers who employ these resources in production. Furthermore, efficiency in the use of available resources is a major pivot for profitable farm enterprise and sustainability. Therefore, inefficiency in the use of resources, wrong choice of enterprise combination and cropping system constitute the major constraints to increased food production in Nigeria. Adamawa State has favourable ecology for both rainfed and irrigated maize production, but the increasing demand for maize lags behind supplies. This study was therefore conducted to examine Productivity and Efficiency of Maize (Zea mays) Farmers in Adamawa State. Socio- economic characteristics of respondents; allocative, technical and economic efficiencies of maize production and factors of inefficiencies of production among respondents were specifically examined . Data were collected from 337 maize farmers and subjected to descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results showed that respondents had a mean age of 44 years, attained one form of formal education or the other with mean of nine years of schooling, mean household size of eight people, well experienced with mean experience of 21 years and mostly small scale farmers cultivating an average of 1.89 hectares. The stochastic production frontier analysis indicated that 84.01% of the variations in the technical efficiencies were jointly explained by the production variables in the model. Seeds, fertilizers and farm size were statistically significant (p≤0.01) and positively related with maize output. Education and extension contact were statistically significant (p≤0.05) and increase technical efficiency among respondents. Furthermore, the stochastic cost function analysis indicated that 80.24% variations in allocative efficiencies were as a result of the variables included in the model. Cost of fertilizers, seeds and herbicides were statistically significantly (p≤0.01) whereas labour was statistically significant (p≤0.10). Extension contacts increase allocative efficiency significantly. The mean values obtained were 0.79, 0.88 and 0.69 for Technical Efficiency (TE), Allocative Efficiency (AE) and Economic Efficiency (EE) respectively. High cost of inputs, inadequate credit facilities, Striga infestation and drought were the major constraints of maize production. It is concluded that farmers are not fully efficient in the allocation of resources for production. Formation of cooperative association by farmers and training of farmers by both government and non governmental agencies were some of the recommendations made i the study.

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TASHIKALMA A.K., GIROH D.Y. 2024, PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS) FARMERS IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 979-990.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Marinel Nicolae HORABLAGA, Ciprian BUZNA, Florin SALA

The study comparatively analyzed the productivity level of 48 commercial sunflower hybrids, under the specific crops conditions of the Western Plain of Romania. The field experiment took place within ARDS Lovrin, agricultural year 2021-2022. 27 hybrids from the Imazamox class (IH; IH1 to IH27) and 21 hybrids from the Tribenuron Methyl class (TMH; TMH1 to TMH21) were cultivated. The cultivation of the 48 hybrids was carried out under the conditions of a chernozem type soil, and non-irrigated system. In the case of Imazamox class hybrids (IH), the production varied between 2012.47 kg ha-1 (IH4) and 3,545.08 kg ha-1 (IH1, and IH23). In the case of hybrids from the Tribenuron Methyl class (TMH), production varied between 2,437.64 kg ha-1 (TMH17) and 3,713.15 kg ha-1 (TMH4, and TMH19). Based on the production data recorded for each hybrid, the average value was calculated for each class of hybrids (IH-Avg=3,038.13 kg ha-1, TMH-Avg=3,287.98 kg ha-1). In order to verify whether there are differences between the two groups IH (N=27) and TMH (N=21) regarding the recorded production, the Null Hypothesis (H0) was defined. The application of the t-test for Equality of Means, led to the value of t=2.302 with p=0.02. Additionally, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was applied. The U=180 value with p=0.03 also indicated significantly different productions between the related series of the two classes of hybrids. The increase in production (kg ha-1, %) was calculated for each class of hybrids (IH, TMH) and a classification was made within each class. The cluster analysis facilitated the clustering of sunflower hybrids in relation to the recorded production.

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HORABLAGA M.N., BUZNA C., SALA F. 2024, PRODUCTIVITY OF SOME SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 475-484.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Mariana CHIVU, Silvius STANCIU

The paper proposes an analysis of the local gastronomic services market in Romania. The growing interest in culinary tourism through Local Gastronomic Points is evident both globally and nationally. Gastronomic tourism can provide unique culinary experiences, especially in rural households. Clarivate, Google Scholar, and Research Gate articles were used for bibliographic research. The necessary data for the research were selected from the reports of the National Agency for Mountain Areas and the statistics of the National Veterinary Sanitary and Food Safety Authority. The information was statistically processed and graphically represented. The assessment of market concentration was conducted using the Herfindahl-Hirschman and Gini-Struck indices. The research results highlighted the dynamism of the sector against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic but also revealed some deficiencies at the local authorities' level. HHI and GSI values indicate a low market concentration at the county level. Local Gastronomic Point businesses have high development potential, significantly contributing to increasing people's income and rural area development.

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CHIVU M., STANCIU S. 2024, PROMOTING ROMANIA'S CULINARY HERITAGE. CASE STUDY: LOCAL GASTRONOMIC POINTS . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 203-212.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Irina-Adriana CHIURCIU, Ana Maria MORNA, Aurelia-Ioana CHEREJI, Daniela ȚUȚUI, Andreea-Roxana FIRĂȚOIU

The cultivation of hops, a traditional activity in the area of Transylvania, where the plants also meet good conditions for development, experienced a pronounced decline after 1990. The lack of funds for the establishment of crops and maintenance in the first years of vegetation, the special plant support system, the old varieties, the effects of climate change and the lack of an irrigation infrastructure have negatively influenced the development of hop farms. Despite the fact that processors have increased the demand for this crop, as a result of its multiple uses, in 2022 in Romania 165 ha were cultivated and a production of 191 tons was obtained, in only three counties in the heart of Transylvania, Alba, Mureș and Sibiu. Mureș County owned 75% of the areas cultivated with hops and 44% of the harvest obtained. At the same time, in the context of the decrease in local beer production, the quantitative and value imports of Romanian hop products also decreased. In order to revitalize this sector, the Common Agricultural Policy, through Strategic Plan 2023-2027 for Romania, has introduced a special Field of Intervention for hops and table grape growers (DR-17) which joins other interventions necessary for processing, for the establishment of producer groups, farmer training and consulting. Added to this is the support granted by Pillar I of the Common Agricultural Policy: Coupled income support (PD - 15), Eco-schemes (PD - 06) and Transitional National Aid (ANT - 5), which will represent an important support for farmers and will contribute to the increase of the surfaces and the production obtained.

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CHIURCIU I.A., MORNA A.M., CHEREJI A.I., TUTUI D., FIRATOIU A.R. 2024, PROSPECTS OF THE HOPS MARKET IN ROMANIA THROUGH THE PRISM OF COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY STRATEGIC PLAN 2023-2027 FOR ROMANIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 187-194.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1
Written by Florin Cristian CIOBĂNICĂ

In an environment characterized by change and diversity in the labour market, vocational and technical education is undergoing a significant transformation. Vocational and technical educational institutions are obligated to adopt approaches that align with reality when faced with challenges in a social environment where employment opportunities and the demand for specialized workforce are diversified. This article presents the results of a qualitative research conducted at the pre-university education level in Ilfov County, based on the questionnaire that was administered to 502 students enrolled in educational institutions in Ilfov County, at the following specializations: Tourism and public food, Economics, Environmental Protection, Agriculture, Mechanics, Electronics and Automation, Construction, Installations, and Public Works. The purpose of this research was to understand how educational institutions, affected by industry regulations, adapt to the requirements of the labour market and the needs of direct beneficiaries. The present research utilized an indirect survey through a questionnaire, as the advantages of this opinion-sampling tool include allowing subjects to think thoroughly before responding, reducing the disruptive influence of the surveyor, and minimizing errors in data recording and interpretation. The questionnaire was addressed to students in vocational and technical education with the aim of determining to what extent the respondents are satisfied with the practical training courses completed in the 2022-2023 school year. Conclusions were drawn from the answers recorded on the entire sample which can later be translated into measures to improve the quality of internships.

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CIOBANICA F.C. 2024, QUALITY ANALYSIS OF PRACTICAL TRAINING IN VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION. CASE STUDY: ILFOV COUNTY, ROMANIA, ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-2023 . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 235-246.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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