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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Ion CERTAN, Simion CERTAN

The aim of the present study is to continue the investigation of the evolution of the number, professionalism and creativity of those employed in the national agriculture in order to elaborate some proposals regarding the efficient use of the human potential in the respective branch of the national economy. There was a constant decrease in the number of the population, both due to a decrease in the natural increase and an increase in the number of emigrants. At the same time, the proportion of the population in rural areas is increasing, which obviously needs to be secured by jobs. Even if the employment rate in agriculture has fallen from 42.8% in 1995 to 32.0% in 2015 or by 10.8 percentage points it remains clearly higher than the EU Member States and neighboring countries. The share of persons with higher education in agriculture fell from 11% in 2000 to 5% of all those with higher education in 2017 or 6 percentage points. In the agriculture of the Republic of Moldova dominate those with gymnasium studies, which are 36.5%. We consider it appropriate to develop and apply economic mechanisms that can contribute to the natural growth of the population, especially the rural ones. to halt or at least to temper the emigration of the citizens of our country, especially of the youth, by elaborating and implementing ways that would equalize the incomes of the rural population with that of our country, to make the training of those who will activate in the national agriculture more efficient.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Liliana CIMPOIES, Elena SEMIONOVA

The individual farms are the backbone of rural areas and account more than 80% of all farms. Family farms are quite diverse: from subsistence and semi-subsistence to fully market-oriented farms, often using technologies advances. Presently, the agricultural sector of Moldova is divided into two categories: a large number of small individual farms and some large corporate farms. The investigation is analysing the level of development of individual farms in Moldova and its possible contribution to the development of rural areas. The study is based on individual farms survey. The data was collected as part of the institutional research project 15.817.05.31А “Sustainable Rural Development in the Republic of Moldova in the Context of European Integration”. It includes data analysis of 938 individual farms from 9 different districts. The survey includes different parts related to: the social-demographic characteristics, infrastructure and financial information. The obtained results shows changes in the social demographic aspects, mostly generated by the migration process and the “modest” incomes characteristic for rural areas. The individual farms surveyed present the average technical efficiency which is mostly influenced by the level of income and the small size of agricultural area, while the level of expenses has little influence.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Ilie-Daniel RAICU, Ovidiu POPA1 Miruna VADUVA, Veronica PANAIT, Florentina IARIM, Oana PAUN, Narcisa BABEANU

This article presents the evolution of cyanobacterial abundance represented by Microcystis sp. and Aphanizomenon sp., in the period 2009-2017, on the river Arges, in Romania, as well as correlations with the temperatures and turbidities of water, in order to identify the impact of the actual climatic trends on the frequency and concentration of cyanobacteria. During this time interval it could be observed a change in the cyanobacterial blooming period by its moving in autumn, also the growth of its duration, but in the same time, a slight decrease a cyanovbacteria production during the whole year. The duration of cyanobacterial blooms season was positive correlated (+0.74) with the average annual temperature, and negative correlated (-0.71), with the turbidity in the season. The maximum concentration achieved by cyanobacteria showed negative correlation (-0.62) along with the turbidity recorded at the beginning of the cyanobacterial blooms season. Although temperature is a very important factor in cyanobacterial development in the Arges river, flood-induced turbidity plays a key role both in favoring or inhibiting its growth but also in adjusting temperatures.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Nicoleta OLTENACU, Elena LASCAR, Cecilia NEAGU, Valentina GAVRILA

Barley (Hordeum vulgare), unlike other cereals, is distinguished by a wider geographical spread, being the only cereal that reaches 70 degrees North altitude. Barley provides the human body a wide range of nutrients: vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6), minerals (selenium, manganese, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, copper) and dietary fibre. These qualities as well as many others make this crop constantly in the structure of crops. That is why, the research aimed at improving the quality of this plant is constantly evolving. Study of the behaviour in crop was analyzed, under the same technological and land and climate conditions, four varieties of Hanzi, Alora, Amorosa and Finola barley. The research was carried out during the year 2018, in the Southeastern part of the Romanian Plain. After harvest, determinations were made regarding the protein content, hectolitre weight, MMB and efficiency per hectare for each variety. The best efficiency was made by Hanzi variety that exceeded the production of the control variety by 30%.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Soleiman RASOULIAZAR, Saeid FEALY-NAHAVAND

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the motivation of rural people to participate in watershed management projects in Mahabad Township. A field survey based on a questionnaire was used as the main instrument in this research. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by the panel of specialist group of academic member and natural resources experts. The population included in this study consisted of people who lived in Mahabad’s dam catchment. By Cochran's formula 175 people were determined as sample size. The results showed that rural people has an economic and social motivation to participate in watershed management projects. Also the results show that the sharing of income and benefits from watershed management was the most important economic motivation priority and religious belief about doing things by participating for the most important social motivation priority. In this research also the finding shows that a large variety of information sources must be used about watershed design and educational programs related to watershed management from TV and talking to propagators or natural resource experts in the village about watershed design were the important resource to increase awareness of rural people about watershed management.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Mirela Daniela NICOLA, Dorina Nicoleta MOCUTA

Animal health is a considerable importance for humans. Animal diseases have a significant impact on human health (ie if there are zoonosis.), or they are producing food decline production, on the economy (direct and indirect costs) and on the trade of a country/countries (changing the trade policy regime, such as in the case of three major outbreaks diseases – Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (1992,when spiked) and Classical Swine Fever (detected in 1997, first in Netherlands) in Europe, Food and Mouth Diseases (nine years of Taiwan negotiation) in Asia. Generally, they are affecting mostly the less developed countries where because of the poverty and the economic vulnerability have /not invested in infrastructure (small farms), technology and research. The world has been and will be always surrounded by all kind of new diseases that today are subject of debates at international level (OIE, WTO, European Commission, CODEX or other scientific groups, etc). With the entire policies, preventive and control measures taken up to now, we are still facing up to new challenges such as: contagious nodular dermatosis, avian influenza, small ruminant pests, African Swine Fever etc. Or, science does not have all the time the answers in a magic bag to the challenges raised by the animal health crisis. So, the aim of my paper is to collect information old and current about politics, crisis management of the Animal Health Diseases, major disease outbreaks data (USA, Europe - Romania, Australia, Africa etc) and by analogy and comparison to look for new links between different factors in order to enrich the knowledge about the practical tools for the management of infectious disease in livestock during crisis.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Ion SĂRĂCIN, Olimpia PANDIA2 Liviu OLARU, Ionel Cristinel OBRETIN

In the paper the authors made a presentation of a nozzle that can endow the machines and equipment for combating diseases and pests, as well as chemical control of weeds by spraying. After describing the communications in which these treatments are performed, conditions presented in the literature, the authors refer in particular to the phenomenon of droplet drift when the speed of displacement of the aggregate exceeds certain limits or when the velocity of the air current increases accidentally during the treatment. Derivatives to spills may lead to phytotoxicity phenomena or the destruction of other cultures that do not support the active substance in the solution. It has thus determined the velocity of the air currents and dynamic wind pressure, moment and torsional force at which is subjected to the nozzle arc and the magnitude of the derivation and the random dispersion of the droplets, was the way the nozzle can be used.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Indira Deniz ALIM, Aurel LUP

This article tackles the issue of organic agriculture/farming in all its aspects, from origins to definitions, principles and characteristics, spatial development and world and national level. The older ecological movement is considered a precursor of organic farming that appeared as an agricultural system accompanied by the necessary regulations only in the last decades of the twentieth century. Opportunities are established in response to the anthropic aggression of any nature over the quality of the environment with direct influence on people’s health. The world consumer is ready to pay in this way for his/her health and life expectancy. In turn, the chronically sub-paid agricultural producer/farmer, with his work and efforts, sees organic farming as an opportunity to increase his income. Supported by the media, especially the press, organic farming is becoming more or less successful and an object of political choice.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Benon GAZINSKI

An attempt of this article is to review experiences of the Polish agricultural extension services in a broad historical context. In the introductory part, turbulent history of the one century (1918-2018) is outlined. Then, experiences of agricultural extension are briefed, coming back to the 19-th century, a period of the partition and including achievements of agricultural extension in a brief interwar period. In the following section of the article, dilemmas of agricultural extension services during a Centrally Planned Economy regime are presented. It is pointed-out that they were a victim of dominating ideological concerns over the economy with resultant half-hearted approach towards dominating peasant sector. Then, experiences of the Polish system transformation and European integration processes are overviewed. In particular, a new initiative (emerged in 2015) – “Network for Innovation in Agriculture and Rural Areas” is briefed. In the concluding part, Polish experiences, both successes and shortcomings, are summarized.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 19 ISSUE 2
Written by Valentin ȘERBAN, Elena STOIAN

This study investigates the perceptions regarding the quality of services within the Faculty of Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, questioning the students of the 4-th year of both specializations: Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Engineering and Management in Public Food and Agritourist. Students of the 4-th year were questioned, as we considered that they are final consumers of the educational service provided by the faculty. Following the study we were able to identify the improvement measures for each specialization. The students enrolled in IMAPA specialization have a lower level of satisfaction (are less satisfied) in each of the 5 quality dimensions and have a medium satisfaction level of 74%, compared to those from IEA specialization who have the medium degree of satisfaction of 79%. Both specializations require improvement measures, but priority is IMAPA.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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