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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper goal was to study the influence of the calving interval on milk yield for the Romanian Brown breed, using 950 lactations, of which: 573 lactations (60.31 %) belonged to the over 400 days calving interval and 377 lactations (39.69%) belonged to the 351-400 days calving interval. The calving interval varied between 446.41±18.94 days, the highest length for the 51 dairy cows which had parturition in September and 373.49 ±14.28 days, the shortest length for 53 cows which calved in October. The average calving interval for the cows with a calving interval longer than 400 days accounted for 425.58±14.10 days, while the average calving interval for the cows with this reproductionindicator between 351 and 400 days was 358.65±10.07 days. For the cows whose calving interval was longer than 400 days, milk yield accounted for 4,682.5±124.92 while for the cows whose calving interval varied between 351 and 400 days registered 4,240.0±215.10 kg. The calculations revealed a gross product of Lei 6,087 per lactation in case of cows whose calving interval was longer than 400 days and Lei 5,512 in case of the cows whose calving interval varied between 351-400 days. For an average difference of 66.93 days calving interval between the two calving interval size groups taken into consideration, the milk yield difference accounted for 442.50 kg in the benefit of the cows with the calving interval longer than 400 days. Also, a difference of Lei 575 was recorded in the favor of the cows with calving intervals longer than 400 days because they registered higher a milk yield. This means Lei 8.59 additional income per cow and calving interval day longer than 400 days.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB, Teodor MATEOC, Camelia MĂNESCU, Ioan GRAD

Through this research is analyzed labor force from Romanian agriculture. The agriculture in Romania has a very large share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Compared to other countries, the share of romanian agriculture in the GDP is 1.6 times higher compared to Hungary, almost three times compared to Poland and more than nine times to European Union. This does not explain the performance of romanian agriculture, but rather show the underperforming of the other sectors (industry and services sector) from Romania compared to those sectors of the developed countries. Also, Romania is currently one of the European countries, with the most farmers about 30% of the total active population. This share is almost 40% of the number of farmers, existing in the European Union, where the share of the active population in agriculture of all activities, is less than 5%. In Romania, the share of active population employed in agriculture, was relatively stable until 1990, about 3 million people were employed in this area. Structural economic reforms and dismantling of Agricultural Production Cooperatives of the early 1990s led to a drastic increase of the labor force employed in agriculture area. Rural labor force is engaged mainly in the agricultural sector, which is one of the major constraints of economic development of the country. Regarding of the quantitative and qualitative structural evolution of the labor resources in romanian agriculture, on long-term, the employment in agriculture fall into the general tend of all countries wich are in the course of modernization, respectively of the absolute and relative reduction.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The purpose of the paper was to assess the effect of the birth month on some meat production characters such as live weight at the age of 180 days, live weight at the age of 365 days and daily gain during the fattening period in progeny testing for bulls' breeding value estimation in order to correct the biases determined by this environmental factor. In this purpose, the following linear mathematical model was used: xij=m . ai . eij, where xij - the live record of the "j" steer in the month "i" (i=1,2,....12), m- geometrical average of the meat production characters taken into account, ai- the multiplicative effect of the birth month "i" and eij – the residual multiplicative effect. A number of 1,705 half-brothers belonging to 105 Friesian bulls from Romania was included in this progeny testing. In order to eliminate the biases âi, adequate multiplicative adjusting factors were calculated as 1/âi.. The conclusion was that the effects of birth month on the meat production in terms of live weight at the age of 180 days, live weight at the age of 365 days and daily gain during the fattening period should not be ignored, on the contrary, they should be eliminated by correcting the real data using corresponding adjusting factors. Therefore, adjusting factors are justifed to be used in order to improve the accuracy of the bulls' breeding value estimation for meat production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper aimed to assess the effect of the calving month on milk production and to correct the biases determined by this environmental factor in order to increase the precision in the breeding value estimation and assure a better evaluation of candidate cows as mothers of sires and bulls used in the artificial insemination to improve genetic gain in the dairy herds. A specific mathematical model, xij=m . ai . eij, where xij – the milk record of the daughter „j” in the month „i” (i=1,2,....12), m – a constant factor, ai –multiplicative effect of the month „i”, eij – the residual multiplicative effect, was used to process the data regarding milk yield and fat yield by month of calving collected from 4,100 Friesian dairy cows under milk testing. In order to eliminate the biases âi, adequate multiplicative adjusting factors were calculated as 1/âi.. The conclusion was that the calvings carried out in the fall-winter months recorded a milk yield by 3.5 % higher in January, by 5.4 % in September, by 6.3 % in December and by 10.5 % in November. The cows with early spring calving have been distadvantaged by 0.4 % in February, by 1.8 % in August up to 7.9 % in May. Therefore, correction factors are imposed to be used in order to increase precision in milk production estimation and finnaly to assure an accurate breeding value for dairy cows and bulls.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Camelia MĂNESCU, Teodor MATEOC, Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB

In this paper, the authors conducted a study on the economic development of Timiş County, as well as its SWOT analysis. The paper concludes with the Development Strategy of Timiş County, the main conclusions drawn from the conducted researches and bibliographical references. Within the paper, there are presented theoretical aspects related to rural area concept, followed by the physical- geographical characteristics of Timiş County. Throughout the paper, there are analyzed the existing demographic aspects found in Timiş County. The end part of the paper represents a translation in statistical terms of the main economic phenomena which are recorded in Timiş County. There are references made towards agriculture, forestry, industry, services, trade, tourism, as economic activities carried out in Timis County. Following these researches, at the end part of the paper, the authors have compiled a SWOT analysis of Timiş County, proposing in the same time a strategy for its development.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Anişoara DUMA-COPCEA, Casiana MIHUŢ, L. NITA, A. OKROS, T. MATEOC, C. BREBU

For soil production capacity appreciation of agricultural fields from Pesac, Timiş County we selected from the entire weather conditions a number of 17 more significant indicators that can be precisely determined. Relying on these indicators and on the scales we extracted from tables, annexes 3 – 1 to 3 – 18, (in conformity with the elaboration methodology of soil studies, second part) hierarchy coefficients that express de favorability degree of an indicator for every crop and usage category of agricultural field. Agricultural production, especially the plant directly influenced by environmental factors and conditions, which are in constant stability, and different degrees of relation to human intent and decision to change it, is a decisive factor in the economic development of society.Naturally, every manifestation of climate characteristics is determined by the geographical location of the place looked, especially in terms of latitude. These two factors determine, along with the exhibition, the ratio of land area to sun and heat reception mode by default, and to a large extent and manifestation rainfall.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Karim MAMDOUH ABBAS

The present investigation aims to determine the factors affecting evolution of Activity Based Costing (ABC) system in Egyptian case. The study used the survey method to describe and analyze these factors in some Egyptian firms. The population of the study is Egyptian manufacturing firms. Accordingly, the number of received questionnaires was 392 (23 Egyptian manufacturing firms) in the first half of 2013. Finally, the study stated some influencing factors for evolution this system (ABC) in Egyptian manufacturing firms.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Mirela STANCIU, Mariana DUMITRU, Maria TĂNASE

This paper presents the main rural tourism networks in France and the forms of rural tourism encountered in this country. In the data presented lies a bibliographic study on the development of rural tourism network "Bienvenue a la ferme" between 1996 and 2013. Data analysis presented highlights rural tourism forms with the most dynamic development in the period considered, given that France is the first European country where the level of organization, diversification and promotion of rural tourism took place.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Elena TOMA, Ionela Miţuko VLAD

An analysis of a wider range of external trade sector of Romania was carried out in this paper. Main purpose of the paper was identification of the products which have submitted during the period 2002-2011 a wide dynamic with regard to trade of Romania, the total and in particular with the EU countries. The methodology used in this respect was detailed analysis of the data, of the structure of imports and exports and the dynamics of these exchanges during the ten years. Thus, we have identified productions which have had a production upward or downward trend in the structure of total trade. It is a case of grain, milk and seeds and oleaginous fruits and tobacco, which has had a positive development in imports and exports. Tobacco and meat products for the imports and live livestock and vegetables for the exports have registered a decreased share.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 1
Written by Camelia MĂNESCU, Teodor MATEOC, Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB

Within this paper, the authors have analyzed the current state of agriculture development in our country with reference to the following aspects: land Fund, the typology of agricultural holdings, size and dimension of agricultural holdings, agricultural production, agricultural labor force, as well as the degree of equipment with agricultural machines and devices. After the year 1990, the Romanian agriculture has undergone profound changes in the structure of land ownership, large agricultural units disappeared as their communist organization way and therefore new types of holdings appeared: family households, family associations, agricultural societies. Following the conducted analysis, the authors underline the existence of a very large number of small farms in parallel with very large farms, which reveals structural imbalance affecting agriculture in our country and its competitiveness. From the performed analysis within this paper, there can be concluded that in Romania there are three types of agriculture: a subsistence type agriculture - characterized by agricultural holdings to 10 hectares, representing a share of 97.7% of total holdings and occupy 38.7% of UAA; a middle type agriculture - defined by agricultural holdings of 10 to 100 hectares, representing a share of 1.9% of total holdings and occupy 12.4% of UAA; an agro-industrial type agriculture - agricultural holdings of over 100 hectares, representing a share of 0.4% of total number of holdings and occupy 48.9% of UAA.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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