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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Simion CERTAN, Ion CERTAN

For all countries, agriculture is the strongest factor in the harmonization of economic development. In our country, the agricultural activity also has a significant contribution to the gross domestic product, even though this contribution was down from 36.14% in 1990 to 15.23% in 2014, when the share of this branch was 2.9 times higher than in Romania (5.36%). In our country’s agriculture, significant changes have been produced generated by the agrarian reform that “can be efficient only on the condition of the development of market relations”. The starting point in the efficient development of any branch of the national economy, of agriculture implicitly, in the market relations conditions, is the emergence of new generations of products, of adequate technologies for obtaining these products, which need significant investments. In this context, the present paper is investigating the current as well as the needed level of investments in the agri-food sector. As a result of the analysis, several proposals that may contribute to the improvement of the current situation are presented.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Talip BAŞBUĞ, Mevlüt GÜL

This study investigates the economic status of the enterprises engaged in greenhouse cultivation activities in Elmalı (Antalya) and examines the contribution of the highland greenhouse production to the regional economic development, thus attempting to generate certain data that would provide guidance to future investors and enterprises that will invest in greenhouse cultivation in highland conditions. The current research was carried out in Gölova, Çukurelma, Salur, Eskisar, Zümrütova, the quarters of Elmalı where greenhouse enterprises are largely concentrated. The data used in the study were collected through questionnaires from 90 greenhouse enterprises designated using the Neyman Stratified Sampling method. The research data belong to 2015 production period. The enterprises engaged in greenhouse cultivation in Elmalı (Antalya) were divided into 3 groups according to the size of their land. According to data obtained in the study, the share of greenhouse production among other business activities of the companies was 52.59%, generating an average income of 44,667 TL (Turkish Liras). The production costs of the enterprises mainly involved seedling costs (18.93%), followed by fertilizer costs (18.00%) and permanent-family labour (14.69%). The mean absolute profit of the enterprises was calculated as 43,602.69 TL. The average unit (1 kg) product cost was calculated as 0.69 TL for enterprises. The mean relative profit rate for enterprises was 1.53. As the greenhouse cultivation period in highland conditions coincides with summer months, the enterprises had no heating costs. Since greenhouse-growing activities increase business potentials and opportunities in the region, they can reduce migration from rural areas to cities. The expansion of greenhouse cultivation could be reached by reducing the unit product cost, as well as by growing appropriate products for domestic and international demand and large-scale investments.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Aurelia Ioana BRÎNARU, Ion DONA

The European Community support agriculture in the pre- and post-accession was represented by the funds allocated to our country in the two pillars of the CAP. Pillar 1 – who was defined by the direct payments to farmers under EAGF and Pillar 2 – made of SAPARD Funds and EAFRD RDP 2007-2013. The following analysis is based on upon the income inequality decomposition methodology that allows, on one side, to assess the degree of concentration of income categories of farms and, on the other side, to assess the effect of the change on the income sources that constitute the total farm income. By taking into account the Gini coefficient and decomposing the income inequality by using a series of criteria such as: the standard value, the main production type obtained etc. we have reached a series of interesting conclusions that may well prove useful to both academia and decision makers. Summarizing the results below, we can see that the support through Pillar II leads to disparities but its influence is very low. Grants awarded by Pillar I are of the utmost importance to the formation of income and therefore they influence more directly the inequalities between farms. Under these circumstances we believe that in order to improve the distribution of income between farms is necessary to increase the subsidies, especially those granted trough complementary national payments that allow the alleviation of general disparities from the prices of the agricultural production between different agricultural sectors and the support of land consolidation in order to achieve a more equitable distribution of the direct payments at the farm levels.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Dana Maria (OPREA) CONSTANTIN, Victor Viorel VĂTĂMANU, Elena COFAS, Iuliana ZAHARIA

The crops are vulnerable to variations in the annual climate, therefore, reducing losses and increasing the agricultural production are necessary, both economically and socially. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the thermic and hydric resources and to indentify the agro-climatic parameters and critical thresholds on the intervals of period September 2006 – August 2007, with direct consequences for the winter wheat crops in the Caracal Plain. In the first decade of the 21st century, the crop year 2006–2007, was characterized, in general, by a higher air temperature than normal, with soil humidity deficit, which determined the depreciation of the vegetation state of the winter wheat crop and consequently, a low production per hectare. By knowing the climatic conditions, for a period of time, it provides the ability of implementing effective measures in order to prevent and combat effects on agricultural production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Alexandru SIN

The purpose of this study is to compare agricultural reforms in China and Romania with respect to their similarities and differences in order to identify the best solutions and future challenges of each approach. Both countries underwent important structural reforms in order to modernize agriculture and develop their rural areas. Development policies were analysed in relation with the data regarding shifts in agricultural output and farm size. Reforms in China began in the '80s, while Romania followed in the '90s. Trying to address similar problems, the two countries adopted different strategies. Romania chose fast shock-type reforms, characteristic to most of the East European countries, while China opted for a slower, step-by-step solution. Romania adopted all the reforms needed for a shift towards a free-market economy at once, while China focused on market liberalization only after the decollectivization process was complete. The smooth path China has chosen allowed the farmers to adapt to the new demands. Still, the negative outcome in both countries was land fragmentation, preventing an important part of the rural area to join the newly formed efficient agriculture. Cooperative should not be imposed, as in the past, but promoted with long-term policies and funding incentives, as being the best way for small farmers to meet the quantitative and qualitative demands of the market and gain negotiation power in the product chain. In China’s case, enforcing property rights for agricultural land and allowing their free trade will be very important for future development. For Romania, one of the most important challenges will be to increase the agricultural land utilised by medium size farms, together with better absorption of EU funds.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Ferhan SAVRAN, Özdal KÖKSAL, Duygu AKTÜRK, Sema GÜN, Gülçin KAYA

Cheese production from goat milk has a core place in Çanakkale’s economy. The present study was conducted to determine the consumption trends in goat milk and products and to determine the factors effective in preference of these products. Data were gathered from the household through questionnaires.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Ghada Ahmed Musa YASSEEN, Adil Yousif Eljack ALI

This study aimed to measure the level of protection and comparative advantage of producing gum Arabic in West Kordofan State, Sudan during the period 2010-2015. It employed the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) technique as a quantitative tool of analysis. The secondary data used were obtained from different sources. The finding indicated that gum Arabic production in West Kordofan State is profitable and has a comparative advantage. Despite that, the government policies have been taxing gum and discouraging its production during the period under the deterioration in the exchange rate. The study recommended that reducing direct and indirect taxes is the essential issue.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Duygu AKTÜRK, Ferhan SAVRAN, Elif YÖRÜSÜN, Elif DURAK

The present study was conducted to compare two different accounting systems (Laur Accounting System and Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) used to put forth activity outcomes of agricultural enterprises. These two systems were used to classify cost and income items of agricultural enterprises and calculation methods were compared. The survey data gathered through questionnaires made with selected enterprises constituted the material of the present study. Current findings revealed that different accounting system used to put forth annual activity outcomes of agricultural enterprises classified enterprise income and cost items in different fashions. In Laur Accounting System, enterprise costs are classified as fixed and variable costs. On the other hand in FADN system, costs are classified as intermediate consumption, amortizations and external costs. In Laur acciounting system, enterprise success criteria are considered as gross profit, net product and agricultural income. On the other hand in FADN system, gross enterprise profit, enterprise net value-added and enterprise family income are considered as the success criteria.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Mevlüt GÜL, Metin Göksel AKPINAR, Vecdi DEMİRCAN, Hasan YILMAZ, Tufan BAL, Şerife Evrim ARICI, Mehmet POLAT, Mürşide Çağla ÖRMECİ KART, Musa ACAR

Integrated pest management came to Turkey with international projects in 1980s and it has been implemented by Food, Agriculture and Livestock Ministry in various product groups. The present research aims to determine the socio-economic factors affecting the level of integrated pest management methods' implementation of enterprises involved in cherry growing that stands out in the region. In this context, Izmir, Manisa, Konya, Isparta, Afyon and Denizli were taken into the scope of research where intensive growing of cherry in Turkey takes place. Research findings indicate that awareness of integrated pest management concept is at low level. However, the integrated pest management methods have been implemented more since cherry started to be exported. Producers' implementation level of the integrated pest management methods is affected by production scale, spraying schedule, the consultant ownership, compliance with Food, Agriculture and Livestock Ministry provincial / district offices' spraying schedule proposal for brown rot (Monilinia laxa), cherry fruit fly (Rhagoletis cerasi L.), (Dip.:Tephritidae).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 2
Written by Catalina CHIVU-DRAGHIA, Arina Oana ANTOCE

The study explores the types and sources of information considered by consumers and investigates the difficulties they encounter in wine selection, as well as the opportunity of using technology as a helping tool. The data obtained from consumers were analysed based on their frequency of consumption and the results showed differences between Core, Marginal and Occasional wine drinkers for the average price paid for a bottle of wine depending on occasion, for the source of information considered and variety seeking behaviour. It was found that for all categories of consumers the recommendations of their peers and the use of technology plays a significant role in their decision making habits.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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