ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Cristina TINDECHE, Alina MARCUTA, Liviu MARCUTA, Adelaida HONTUS

The purpose of this research work was to analyze cereals cultivated area, yields, production and price at farm gate in Romania during the last decade, 2012-2021 and also in the year 2022 in order to identify the main trends and causes which affected the performances. The data provided by National Institute of Statistics and Eurostat were processed using indices methods, regression equations and r square, and comparisons between maize and wheat. The results emphasized that, compared to 2012 level, in 2021, Romania achieved 27.79 million tonnes cereals (+116.27%), 14.82 million tonnes maize grains (+149.07%), and 10.43 million tonnes wheat (+96.79%). Maize and wheat represent 92.8% of Romania's cereals production. The high record is explained by the large surfaces cultivated with cereals, accounting for 5.35 million ha in 2021 (-1.6% less than in 2012), of which maize 47.6% and wheat 40.6%, all together 88.2%. Yields are still below the levels achieved by France, Germany, Poland, Italy and Spain, which are its EU main competitors in producing cereals. Compared to 2012, in 2021, cereals yield was 5,188 kg/ha (+120%), maize 5,802 kg grains/ha (+166.16%), wheat 4,797 kg/ha (+78.85%), reflecting the efforts made by farmers to increase production. These results were carried out under the impact of intense climate variations and extreme phenomena like: high air temperatures, heat waves, long droughts, low precipitations. High price volatility for Diesel, seeds, fertilizers, products for plant protection etc had a deep impact on the increase of production costs. Cereals price at the farm gate also increased, under the influence of the unbalance demand/supply ratio in the international market, cereals quotations at the international stock exchange, and hostilities between Russia and Ukraine. Un uncertain future is for the coming agricultural years, when farmers have to strengthen their efforts as their business to survive. They have to set up new technological alternatives for crop structure, cultivated areas, amendments, conservative agriculture, lower farms inputs, environmentally friendly solutions to sustain soil fertility, extend biodiversity, and also to keep production costs under strict control and to assure a lower risk for their business.

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POPESCU A., TINDECHE C., MARCUTA A., MARCUTA L., HONTUS A. 2022, CEREALS PRODUCTION BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND PRICE BOOM IN ROMANIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 579-594.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Toma Adrian DINU, Elena STOIAN, Valentin ŞERBAN

The paper purpose was to assess the impact of climate change on wheat, maize and sunflower yield in the period 2017-2021, using statistical data from National Institute of Statistics (NIS) and National Administration of Meteorology (NAM) and other sources. Comparison method was used to evaluate the deviations between the registered air temperatures and precipitations and the 1981-2010 climatological norm. Graphic method reflected the dynamics of monthly air temperatures and rainfalls in each year. Descriptive statistics for mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation reflected an more comprehensive image upon air temperature, precipitations and yield. Correlations and regression equations were used to establish the intensity of the kinks between climate factors and yield. The highest average air temperature In Romania was 12.130C in 2019. In the period 2017-2020, the average annual temperatures exceeded the climatological norm 1981-2010 accounting for 9.10C. The lowest rainfalls, 614.2 mm, were recorded in 2019, being below of 633.1 mm the norm for the period 1981-2010. The high temperatures associated with drought and low precipitations have deeply affected yield of many agricultural crops, including maize, wheat and sunflower. The highest wheat yield 4,888 kg/ha was achieved in 2017, and the lowest one, 2,966 kg/ha in 2020. Maize registered the highest performance of 7,644 kg/ha in 2018, and the lowest one, 3,977 kg/ha in 2020. Sunflower carried out the high performance 3,041 kg/ha in 2018, and the lowest one, 1,858 kg/ha in 2020. The worst agricultural years for these three crops was 2020, but 2017 favored wheat, while 2018 favored maize and sunflower. The correlation coefficient had in general small values between average temperature and yield, but a higher link with precipitations level. The multiple correlation between yield, air temperatures and precipitations was: r= 0.817 for wheat, r = 0.116 for maize and r = 0.504 for sunflower. In the South Eastern Dobrogea, the driest area in Romania, the rainfalls declined by 65% in the period 2018-2020 having a deep negative impact on sunflower seeds yield, which decreased from 4,282 kg/ha in 2018, to 1,503 kg/ha in 2020. The correlation between precipitations and sunflower yield positive and very strong (r = 0.737). As a conclusion, the climate conditions should be analyzed in each farm and farmers have to take measure to adapt the technologies for sustaining production.

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POPESCU A., DINU T.A., STOIAN E., SERBAN V. 2023, CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON WHEAT, MAIZE AND SUNFLOWER YIELD IN ROMANIA IN THE PERIOD 2017-2021. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 587-602.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Sonny Gad ATTIPOE, Francis Kastro KAVI, Mark Kwame OFFEI, Dongqing HAN

The role played by rural and community banks (RCBs) in financial intermediation in the cocoa sector is commendable, however, their full potential is not realized due to the high level of credit default by farmers. Among 95 credit takers for the 2018 to 2019 farming season, the study revealed that 68.4% of farmers defaulted, producing a loan recovery rate of 45.76% and default rate of 54.23%. The surveyed banks value the use of collateral security (47%) and fixed income guarantee (26%) as a prerequisite for accessing credit. Selected RCBs' predicaments of lending to farmers are the misappropriation of funds, high default rate, and high illiteracy rate. Averagely, farmers used 44.66% of the accessed credit amount for cocoa farming, and 55.34% on non-farm-related activities, indicating the misappropriation of funds. Defaulters’ reason for delinquency is classified into; causes due to the borrower (24.60%), causes due to the lender (32.04%), and causes due to nature (43.36%). Moreover, RCBs' perception of the causes of loan delinquency includes misappropriation of funds, unwillingness to pay, risk in cocoa farming, and high-interest rate. Finally, probit model results indicated that farmers’ repayment abilities were positively influenced by their engagement in secondary occupation, attainment of formal education, and loan terms, and negatively influenced by household size, loan amount received, interest rate, and distance to rural banks. The study recommends RCBs to enact stringent borrowing policies aimed at reducing loan delinquency among cocoa farmers in Ghana.

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ATTIPOE S.G., KAVI F.K., OFFEI M.K., HAN D. 2022, COCOA FARMERS CREDIT DEFAULT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR RURAL AGRICULTURAL FINANCING IN GHANA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 95-108.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Abraham FALOLA, Tohib Oyeyode OBALOLA, Ridwan MUKAILA, Sofiyyah Titilope ABIDOYE

The profit accruing to local rice especially through a well branded package generally depends on the market share of the marketers as it connotes the fastness of the time to sell off the product. The study examined the marketing of branded and unbranded local rice in Niger State, considering a data set obtained through a three stage sampling technique from 150 local rice marketers. Several analyses were conducted on the data using the descriptive statistics, marketing margin and efficiency and the binary logistic regression. A figure of N25, 795.40 and N15, 778.80 were estimated as the returns to branding and unbranded local marketing respectively. Apparently, the branded marketers are more efficient in the marketing of local rice as they have a higher marketing efficiency of 190.61 %. The enterprise is therefore concluded to be profitable and economically efficient. Educational level, marketing experience, access to grant, and cooperative society involvement were the determining factors that significantly influence branding among the local rice marketers. The recommends branding be encouraged among local rice marketers, as they stand to make more profit that their counterparts. Consequently, financial institutions such as agricultural banks should provide access to funds and facilities that would help local marketers cover for their marketing cost.

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FALOLA A., OBALOLA T.O., MUKAILA R., ABIDOYE S.T. 2023, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MARKETING OF BRANDED AND UNBRANDED LOCAL RICE IN BIDA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 203-210.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Opeyemi Eyitayo AYINDE, Babatola Olasunkanmi AGBOOLA, Tohib Oyeyode OBALOLA

The Shika brown layer is a Nigeria indigenous hybrid bred to solve the problem of adaptability to the local weather condition of the exotic layer strains (Isa brown and Harco black). Data were collected from the experiment conducted using 117 point of lays obtained from the three genotypes. Costs incurred on inputs such as feeds and drugs along with income generated from eggs produced including the returns from the sale of spent layers were considered for comparative economic analyses. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), profitability and productivity analyses were employed in data analysis. The ANOVA showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the average body weight and egg production of Shika brown, Isa brown and Harco black. Shika brown had the highest gross margin and a profitability index of 0.38 compared to Isa brown and Harco black. The results showed that the three layer strains are all good converters of feed to eggs, though Isa brown seems to be more productive. Shika brown had the lowest mortality of 10.3 % compared to that of Isa brown and Harco black of 23 % and 26 % respectively, thus, showed hardy and less susceptibility distinctiveness to diseases. The need to give increased preference to Shika brown chicken based on its adaptability and profitability indices is recommended.

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AYINDE O.E., AGBOOLA B.O., OBALOLA T.O. 2023, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SHIKA BROWN, ISA BROWN AND HARCO BLACK LAYERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 49-56.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Alexandru Valentin TACHIANU, Liviu MARCUTA, Alina MARCUTA

Starting from the importance of the optimal size of an agricultural holding for increasing the efficiency of the activity carried out, the objective of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis between 2 development regions of Romania regarding the situation of agricultural holdings. The choice of the two regions, South-Muntenia and South-East, was made based on their agricultural potential, and the monitored indicators were both the number of agricultural holdings and their size. The analysis assumed the monitoring of the evolution of the indicators in the period 2010-2020. The comparison was made not only between the two development areas, but also at the national and community level, the aim being to identify some solutions for the development and increase of the economic performance within the agricultural holdings in Romania and for the reduction of existing gaps both at the national and regional level and community. In order to carry out the research, we started from the analysis of specialized literature, following the role that agriculture has in economic development, as well as how it contributes to the formation of the GDP, followed by the collection, processing and analysis of regional and community statistical data regarding to the situation of agricultural holdings. The processing and interpretation of the data allowed us to formulate conclusions regarding the situation of agricultural holdings in the two development regions and to formulate recommendations. From the conducted research, it emerged that there are differences in Romania's agriculture both at the national and regional levels. For the year 2020, the average surface of an agricultural holding in Romania was 4.42 ha, which shows that in the Sud-Muntenia region the holdings are the closest to this average, having an area of 4.4 ha. At the level of the South-East region, the agricultural area is almost 50% larger than the average area, given that it is 6.7 ha. This influences both the way agricultural land is exploited and the profitability of agricultural holdings.

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TACHIANU A.V., MARCUTA L., MARCUTA A. 2023, COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE NUMBER OF AGRICULTURAL FARMS, THE AVERAGE SIZE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTH-MUNTENIA AND SOUTH-EAST REGIONS OF ROMANIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 793-800.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Vera GRANACI, Valentin FOCSHA, Alexandra CONSTANDOGLO

The chronology of reproductive indices over 4 years, the interrelationships between milk productivity and reproductive indices in Holstein cows of Dutch origin and the share of action of milk productivity on reproductive indices were investigated. In the specific operating conditions created, the maximum level of milk productivity, at which optimal indicators of reproductive capacity were observed was up to 7,000 kg of milk per lactation. Regression analysis shows that with the increase in service period and calving interval by 1 day, the milk production of the animals will increase by 11.0 kg and 13.1 kg, respectively. The share of action of milk productivity on the coefficient of the reproductive capacity of cows is 0.9008 (P˂0.01), on the service-period – 0.147 (P˂0.05), on the birth coefficient - 0.0568. For a full realization of the potential of milk productivity and reproductive indices of Holstein cows of Dutch origin, it is necessary to optimize feeding conditions, microclimate, veterinary control, etc. Increasing the duration of the service period and prolonging lactation leads to the slowing down of the reproduction rate of the herd, due to the losses of milk and calves, as a whole on the herd. For this reason, livestock farms should monitor the duration of the service period.

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GRANACI V., FOCSHA V., CONSTANDOGLO A. 2022, COMPATIBILITY OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY AND REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY IN HOLSTEIN COWS OF DUTCH ORIGIN . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 271-278.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Cristina TINDECHE, Alina MARCUTA, Liviu MARCUTA, Adelaida HONTUS

The paper aimed to analyze the concentration degree of standard output (SO) and number of agricultural holdings (AH) in the EU countries in the year 2020 by economic dimension in terms of standard output size class. The data collected from Eurostat were used to calculate Gini-Struck coefficient according to which the countries were classified. The EU has a moderate concentration both concerning SO (GSC = 0.3938) and AH (GSC = 0.3276) by SO class. Discrepancies were noticed referred to these two indicators in the member states. Regarding SO, GSC varied between 0.7941 in Denmark and 0.1597 in Romania. Six countries (22.3%) have a low concentration, 12 countries (44.4%) have a moderate concentration and 9 countries 9933.3%) have a high level. 13 countries: Bulgaria, Cyprus, France, Luxemburg, Sweden, Estonia, Hungary, Germany, Belgium, Slovakia, Netherlands, Czechia and Denmark exceeds the EU GSC= = 0.3938. Regarding AH, GSC values ranged from 0.1204 in Denmark and 0.7004 in Romania. A number of 17 countries (63%) registered a low concentration level of the number of farms by SO class, other 9 countries (33.3%) recorded a moderate concentration and one country, Romania (2.7%) had the top position with the highest concentration of the number of farms. Taking into consideration GSC values both for Standard output and number of farms by SO class, it was found that 8 countries (29.3%) have a high concentration of SO and a low concentration of AH; 7 countries (25.9%) have a moderate concentration of SO and a low concentration of AH; 5 countries (18.5%) have a moderate concentration of SO and a moderate concentration of AH, all these three categories summing 73.7%. As a final conclusion, the concentration of standard output by SO class is a moderate one in 44.4% of the EU countries and in 33% is a high.

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POPESCU A., TINDECHE C., MARCUTA A., MARCUTA L., HONTUS A. 2023, CONCENTRATION OF STANDARD OUTPUT AND NUMBER OF FARMS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION BASED ON THE ECONOMIC DIMENSION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 619-626.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Gulay OZKAN, Simge ER, Ismail Bulent GURBUZ

The recent increases in red meat prices have caused poultry consumption to come to the fore. This research aimed to determine factors affecting consumers' poultry consumption, their preferences for poultry outlets by their income, and their consumption and purchasing frequencies. A diagnostic questionnaire was completed with 345 households. All data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 program. Crosstables were used to verify possible associations among the study variables. Consumers mostly purchased chicken once a week (36.5%) and turkey on special occasions (17.7%) and 1-3 times a year (12.2%). Consumers primarily consume chicken several times a week (48.1%) and turkey once a month (42.6%). Production date was most important (66.4%) in poultry preference factors, followed by taste (64.6%) and freshness (60.9%). Advertising (19.4%) and product region/origin (9%) were the least important factors in poultry preference. The consumers participating in the survey mostly purchased chicken from discount markets (31.9%). Less turkey was consumed than chicken. The consumers' lack of turkey consumption habits affected the consumption frequency. Consumers should be informed of the nutritional value of turkey to increase the frequency of turkey consumption in Bursa. Turkey producers should be given more support, and its sales channels should be increased.

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OZKAN G., ER S., GURBUZ I.B. 2023, CONSUMER DYNAMICS FOR POULTRY PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR IN TURKEY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 491-502.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Liviu MARCUTA, Letitia PURDOIU, Serban PURDOIU, Razvan PANAIT, Alina MARCUTA

In the present study, we propose to analyze the consumer's perception regarding the sensory characteristics of traditional products. The research was carried out in May 2022 as part of the Traditional Products Raffle that takes place weekly in Bd. Marasti no. 61 Bucharest, and assumed the comparison of the sensory characteristics of four types of cheeses, namely: cheese in fir bark, smoked cheese, cheese with cumin and curd with dill. The tasting was done by 83 people, and the appreciation of sensory properties was measured with the help of non-parametric tests that allowed us to determine consumer preferences regarding traditional dairy products. By using the hedonic test and the scalar method, the data were processed statistically, and based on the obtained results, conclusions were formulated that highlighted the fact that the most appreciated traditional product from the category of those tested was "Smoked cheese" (with 7.06 points), followed by "Cheese with cumin" (6.98 points), "Cheese in fir bark" (6.94 points) and "Curd with dill" (6.71 points). The purpose of the research was to highlight the role that the appreciation of the sensory characteristics of food products has in the valorization of traditional or regional products, but also the application of innovation in obtaining new products that contribute to the development of the local economy and to the increase of income in rural areas.

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MARCUTA L., PURDOIU L., PURDOIU S., PANAIT R., MARCUTA A. 2022, CONSUMER PERCEPTION REGARDING THE SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL AND REGIONAL PRODUCTS. CASE STUDY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 395-402.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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