ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Abeer ABDELSALAM, Atef SWILAM, Mohamed El DIDAMONY

The difference in some dimensions of the seeds prevents the optimal determination of the dimensions and shape of the holes in the feeding device, which reduces the efficiency of seed distribution during planting. The design and building of metering plates suitable for the faba bean seeds from material that is affordable and appropriate for the environmental and operational conditions during their onset on the land to cultivate the crop and enhance productivity. The plates were built by 3D printing by Tanta Motors - Egypt and tested at the Department of Agricultural Engineering - Faculty of Agriculture, Egypt. This research study was conducted for the design and development of plates. The discs were designed and built through a series of processes that were defined and plotted in proportion to the main dimensions and shape index of the seed. The materials analysis was tested by (Solidworks). Changes in materials (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene- Polyamide Nylon and Thermoplastic polyurethane) and shape index 1.7674 and 1.8782 were tested at Stress, displacement, Strain analysis, mesh, Deformation, and plate safety factor. Moreover, the simulation results indicated that the computational values were in agreement with the theoretical values. They all showed that the model and boundary conditions were correct and logical, and would provide a scientific basis for the optimal design.

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FOUDA T., ABDELSALAM A., SWILAM A., DIDAMONY M.E. 2023, 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY AS AN EFFECTIVE SOLUTION TO BUILD THE FABA BEAN SEED METER PLATE WITH VARIOUS MATERIALS . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 223-240.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Eugeniu ALEXANDROV

Climate change is not only manifested by high temperatures, but means perverse, cascading effects that must be viewed in interaction. Climate change solutions can not only be cost-effective, but also improve the level and quality of life of the population while protecting the environment. In order to improve the situation, at the moment, the following actions are necessary: reducing emissions, adapting to the effects of climate change and financing the necessary adaptation measures. Photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, stomatal conductance, assimilation, etc. can be used in the plant breeding process, with the aim of identifying plant genotypes with an increased potential for capturing CO2 from the atmosphere, thus contributing to maintaining the global average temperature within the limits, which would not lead to the intensification of the greenhouse effect and the change of factors climatic. In order to carry out the study, grapevine genotypes of intraspecific origin from the V. vinifera L. and genotypes of interspecific origin (V. vinifera L. x M. rotundifolia Michx.) were used. The measurements were made in the period up to flowering, the formation (growth) of berries and in the period of mature berries (formed). Phytomonitoring was carried out with the help of the PTM-48A monitor, which is an automatic CO2 exchange monitoring system. Studies have shown that the interspecific grapevine genotypes are characterized by much better adaptive features than intraspecific genotypes in relation to climate change. The respective methodology can also be applied in the improvement process of different plant crops.

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ALEXANDROV E. 2023, A WAY OF MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 39-42.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Olga Ivanovna VLASOVA, Vera Mikhailovna PEREDERIEVA, Olga Georgievna SHABALDAS

The purpose of the research is to study the relationship between cultivated and weed plants at the level of competition and allelopathy, which will allow us to substantiate a systematic approach to regulating the number of weeds. Species composition of weed vegetation was determined by an instrumental method. The number and biomass of weed plants were counted by the quantitative weight method of Vasilyev et al.(2005). Allelopathic properties of the most common weeds in crops were determined by the method of Grodzinsky (1965). As a result of this research it was found that on average rotational crops remove 103.6 kg/ha of nitrogen, 51.5 kg/ha of phosphorus, and 96.9 kg/ha of potassium. The main species of weeds of field crops remove 124.1, 12.9 and 18.9 kg/ha of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, mainly due to such species as Loliumtemulentum L., Galiumaparine L., Cirsiumarvense L., Ambrosia artemisifolia L. and Chorisporatenella (Pall.) DC. At the same time most of the studied species of weeds have high allelopathic activity. Particular attention should be paid to Loliumtemulentum L., since its grains have the fungus Stromatiniatemulenta, which produces the alkaloid temulin. In high concentrations it has an inhibitory effect on the germination of test-culture seeds. Thus, the growth index at the concentration of the tested solution 1:50 is 0.34, and at 5:50 – 0.16; similar indices were found under the action of Centaureacyanus L. and Taraxacum officinale L. This research suggests that winter wheat agrocenoses contains both allelopathically active species and species to which the plants are tolerant. This is of practical value since it allows a differentiated approach to the system of integrated weed control measures, in particular to the choice of herbicides aimed at destroying allelopathic active weed species. This study was aimed to study the relationships between cultivated and weed plants at the level of competition and allelopathy.

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VLASOVA O.I., PEREDERIEVA V.M., SHABALDAS O.G. 2023, AGROPHYTOCENOTIC RELATIONSHIPS OF CULTIVATED AND WEED PLANTS AT THE LEVEL OF COMPETITION AND ALLELOPATHY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 869-880.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Tsvetan TSVETANOV, Krasimir DIMOV, Evgeni PETKOV

A mathematical model has been developed to assess the digitization of the beekeeping sector. For this purpose, the summarized results of questionnaire surveys of 37 apiaries located in the regions of Plovdiv and Pleven municipalities in Bulgaria were used. For evaluation on the degree of digitization of the apiaries we took under consideration only what software and hardware products are used. The results showed a low degree of digitization of the studied apiaries - in 27 out of 37 studied apiaries there were no data about the use of software and hardware applications, and the average level of digitization for the studied apiaries according to the model we developed was within 8-9 %. A survey on the awareness of those employed in the beekeeping about some basic digital products for collecting, storing and distributing information and their willingness to use them in the future was also conducted. It was found that between 21% and 35% of the respondents were not familiar with the basic digital products. Far more worrying was that between 50 % and 70% of respondents stated that they were familiar with the listed digital products, but did not intend to use them in the near future.

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TSVETANOV T., DIMOV K., PETKOV E. 2023, AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF DIGITIZATION IN BEEKEEPING. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 845-852.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Ridwan MUKAILA, Lynda Ogechi EGWUE

Income inequality is a global issue affecting all and sundry across the globe in both developed and developing economies. It could result in a high probability of revolution, high rent-seeking policies, a breakdown of social cohesion and a signal of low democracy. Democracy as a form of government was created to ensure that every citizen enjoys the dividends of government. If this is true, democracy should therefore serve to reduce income inequality in the world. The extent to which this is true for Nigeria is yet to get sufficient research interest. Therefore, this study examined the income inequalities in rural Nigeria before and during the democratic era and measured the contributions of different socio-economic factors to income inequality. This study utilized the General Household Survey Panel and the National Consumers Survey data. This study employed the Gini coefficient, theil index, Lorenz curve, and the regression-based inequality decomposition method as techniques of data analysis. The result revealed that income inequality had decreased by 6% from the pre-democratic era to the current democratic era. The proportion of middle-class population has increased by 1.35%. The years of education contributed the most to total inequality (23.5%), the dependency ratio contributed -15.3%, age contributed -0.59%, household size contributed 6.2%, gender of household head contributed 0.03%, and marital status contributed 0.1% to the total income inequality. There is thus a need to gear programmes and policies to boost the education system, empower women and strengthen democratic institutions to ensure income equality.

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MUKAILA R., EGWUE L.O. 2022, ANALYSIS OF RURAL INCOME INEQUALITY IN NIGERIA: BEFORE AND DURING THE DEMOCRATIC ERA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 443-452.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Oksana GRYTSYNA, Volodymyr SARIOGLO, Tetiana KOTENKO, Oksana DYAKONENKO, Olha SHOLUDKO, Lyubov SYNYAVSKA, Oksana RUBAI

The main task of the research is to clarify the main trends of demographic processes in the rural areas of Ukraine and to formulate proposals for the development and improvement of the demographic policy of Ukraine in the future. In the process of preparing the article, we used abstract-logical, mathematical-statistical, visualization and econometric methods of scientific research. According to the results of the grouping of the regions of Ukraine by the level of demographic safety, we found that most regions of Ukraine form a group of so-called "demographic danger". And if in 2009 there was a third of the regions in this group, then in 2021, about 50% showed demographic problems related to rural population caused by the decline of the population, including also the rural one and migration process with reduce the labor potential of rural areas, etc. In the article we substantiated that Ukraine, as a future member of the European Union, should move to the priority goals of the common agricultural policy (CAP), which include improving the quality of life in rural areas, diversifying the rural economy, improving the state of the environment and rural areas, and increasing the level of competitiveness of the agricultural industry.

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GRYTSYNA O., SARIOGLO V., KOTENKO T., DYAKONENKO O., SHOLUDKO O., SYNYAVSKA L., RUBAI O. 2023, ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC SAFETY OF THE RURAL POPULATION: A CASE STUDY OF UKRAINE. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 261-270.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Cecilia NEAGU, Daniela CREȚU, Andrei Radu IOVA, Oana Roberta CREȚU

In this paper, the variation of the quality indices of the seeds obtained in the period 2021-2022 at an agricultural company is tracked and the factors responsible for the defects found were analyzed. The company under study is based in Mânăstirea commune, Călărași county and has an area of 183.55 ha. From the crops practiced by the society, we analyzed the quality parameters of wheat, corn and barley, the main crops practiced. We carried out an analysis of the quality of the cereals sold within the company, following the values of the most important selection criteria, based on the analysis bulletins owned by the analyzed company. Almost all the qualitative parameters were included within the norms stipulated by STAS, there being small excesses in the case of some, which led to the inclusion of the barley obtained by the company in the grade 2 category.

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NEAGU C., CRETU D., IOVA A.R., CRETU O.R. 2022, ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS OF THE MAIN CROPS PRACTICED AT AN AGRICULTURAL COMPANY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 465-470.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Abraham FALOLA, Ridwan MUKAILA, Mujtaba Muhammadu MAHMUD

The paucity of information on the efficiency of organic food crops deters relevant interventions to enhance their production in order to address the health risks associated with inorganic food items. This study, therefore, investigated the technical efficiency, identified the factors influencing the productivity of organic maize farming, and measured the factor efficiency or resource productivityof organic maize farming in Nigeria. This study used data obtained from 480 organic maize farmers and analysed it using descriptive statistics, a stochastic frontier production function, and return to scale. The results revealed that organic maize farms had an average technical efficiency of 0.76, showing there is room for improvement. Organic manure, labour, seeds, education, extension contacts, and farm size significantly contributed to the technical efficiency of organic maize farming production. To improve and maintain the continuity of organic maize farming practices, farmers need to form and belong to farm-based organisations, where government and non-government organisations can support them, to facilitate the promotion of organic-based farming knowledge and obtain financial assistance.

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FALOLA A., MUKAILA R., MAHMUD M.M. 2022, ARE SMALL-SCALE ORGANIC MAIZE FARMERS TECHNICALLY EFFICIENT? EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 217-224.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4
Written by Radu Lucian PÂNZARU, Dragoș Mihai MEDELETE

Soya, is an important plant due to its plurivalence, taking into account aspects related to its use as an industrial raw material, from the point of view of its use in animal feed, as well as the agro-technical-technological aspects it covers. At the level of the European Union, for the period 2018-2020, soya was grown on an area of over 900,000 ha, generated a total production of about 2,800,000 tons and reached an average production level per unit of production (ha) of 2,996 kg (average of the period analysed). Starting from the physiological peculiarities of the plant, it is found that soya was practiced at the level of 15 states in the European Union. The main Community producers are represented by Italy, Romania and France (Italy – 1,078,270 tonnes respectively 38.42% of the Community total, Romania – 428,813.33 tonnes, share of 15.28% and France – 411,226.67 tonnes respectively 14.66%). In terms of performance per unit of production, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Slovenia and Spain stand out with levels above 3,000 kg/ha. The study presents the producer price situation ($/t). There is a multi-annual Community average of 381.36$/t, with extreme values of 307$/t for Romania (2020) and 566$/t for Spain (2019), and the total amplitude of variation recorded a level of 259$/t. At Community level, the evolution of the indicator is uneven, a phenomenon that is also manifested for the vast majority of the component states.

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PANZARU R.L., MEDELETE D.M. 2022, ASPECTS CONCERNING THE PRICE OF SOYA BEANS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION (2018-2020) . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 4, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 527-532.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1
Written by Irina-Adriana CHIURCIU, Elena SOARE, Dan Marius VOICILAȘ, Ion CERTAN

Cereals are the most produced commodity worldwide, according to statistical data. Among the top ten countries in the list of the most important producers of corn and wheat respectively, as well as among the largest exporters of these categories of cereals, there are two countries located in the Black Sea basin, Ukraine and the Russian Federation. Other important competitors in the region were Romania and Turkey, who took 3rd or 4th place in corn or wheat production. At the same time, Romania occupied the 6th place in the ranking of corn exporters worldwide and 9th in that of wheat exporters in 2021. In addition to the four states mentioned before, in the paper, in the area related to the maritime basin, Armenia, Bulgaria, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Republic of Moldova and Greece were also included. The paper aimed to provide a coherent picture of competitiveness on the grain market, at the Black Sea basin level, and, at the same time, to highlight the position that Romania occupies in the economy of the area and in the world grain trade. For this purpose, the areas cultivated with corn and wheat were presented, as well as the productions obtained in the period 2015-2021 in the countries of the area related to the Black Sea basin, then the value imports and exports of corn and wheat that these countries recorded.

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CHIURCIU I.A., SOARE E., VOICILAS D.M., CERTAN I. 2023, ASPECTS REGARDING THE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF CEREALS IN THE BLACK SEA BASIN AREA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 23 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 139-146.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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