ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Nourhan KASSAB

The aim of this study is measuring the differences in color properties of potato sticks and oil by frying using Wock Skillet during three separate frying sessions. The measurements indicators were optical properties, RGB Bands: (Red, Green, Blue Bands), Intensity, and browning index of potato sticks and oil. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the Agricultural Engineering Department. The results showed a clear color change in the potato slices with the time of frying, and they also showed a clear color change in the number of times the oil was fried. The relationship between the oil browning index and the frying duration were happened. the oil browning index increased from 67.81 at the beginning of frying to 72.24 at the second minute, then to 75.18 in the fourth minute, then to 82.35 in the sixth minute, then to 84.49 in the eighth minute until it reached 87.75 at the tenth minute it end of the first frying process. The second frying time increased from 75.97 at the beginning of frying to 77.15 in the second minute, then to 78.92 in the fourth minute, then to 83.52 in the sixth minute, then to 86.93 in the eighth minute until it reached 88.18 in the tenth minute. In the third time also, the values increased from 76.44, 78.72, 82.54, 84.91, 88.53 and 90.15 in minutes 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10, respectively. While it was predicted that there would be a direct relationship between the potato browning index and the period of frying. And also, a direct relationship between the potato browning index and the number of frying times. as it increased from 48.11 in the fourth minute, then to 54.24 in the sixth minute, then to 61.83 in the eighth minute until it reached 69.50 in the tenth minute at the end of the first frying process.

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FOUDA T., KASSAB N. 2024, MEASURING THE COLOR CHANGE OF POTATO STICKS AND PLANT OIL DURING FRYING PROCESSES . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 353-360.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Mirela STANCIU, Olga DRĂGHICI, Horia Nicolae CIOCAN, Valentin SERBAN

The goal of the study is to analyze the dynamics of meat production, import, export, availability for human consumption and self-sufficiency rate (SSR) in Romania in the period 2014-2022 based on the data provided by National Institute of Statistics. The empirical data were processed using the growth rate, trend regression equations, determination coefficient, illustrative graphical representations and tabled results for the indicators taken into consideration. The results highlighted that in the studied period, total meat production (in fresh meat equivalent), decreased by 22.5%, from 1,291.9 thousand tons in 2014 to 1,001.6 thousand tons in 2022. But, by meat sort, the situation is different as follows: bovine meat production declined by 8.9% and pork production by - 16.4%, while sheep and goat meat increased by 27.2% and poultry meat by 43.8%. The imported quantities of meat registered an ascending trend from 383.9 thousand tons in 2024 to 628.5% in 2022 (+63.7%). By meat sort, the imported amounts increased by 12.4% for beef, by 200% for pork, by 400% for sheep and goat meat and by 8.1% in case of poultry meat. In 2022, Romania exported 166.8 thousand tons meat meaning by 31.61% more than in 2014. By meat type, the exported amounts increased by 200% for bovine meat, by 86 % in case of sheep and goat meat, by 45.2% in case of poultry meat, but in case of pork declined by 36%. The meat availability for consumption increased by 22.4% from 1,150.6 thousand tons in 2014 to 1,463.3 thousand tons in 2022. For total meat, self-sufficiency rate (SSR) declined from 83.3% in 2014 to 68.4% in 2022. By meat sort, SSR went up for bovine meat accounting for 87.1% in 2022 versus 82.1% in 2014, for pork SSR went down to 45.4% in 2022 versus 70.2% in 2014, SSR for sheep and goat meat was 100% in 2022 versus 106% in 2014 and for poultry meat, SSR increased from 87.5% to 95.2% in the studied period. In 2022, a Romanian consumed in average 74 kg meat, of which 38 kg pork, 27.9 kg poultry meat, 5 kg beef and veal and 2.6 kg sheep and goat meat, much more than in 2014, except bovine meat. As a conclusion, imports sustain pork domestic market as production is not enough to cover the demand, but also in smaller amounts for the other meat types. Romania is also an exporting country of meat, as long as the availability of meat on the internal market is raising.

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POPESCU A., STANCIU M., DRAGHICI O., CIOCAN H.N., SERBAN V. 2024, MEAT PRODUCTION, TRADE, CONSUMPTION AND SELF-SUFFICIENCY RATE IN ROMANIA IN THE PERIOD 2014-2022. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 677-694.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Aurelia Vasilica BĂLAN, Elena TOMA

This study examines the trend of meat imports from Romania using monthly data from January 2011 to May 2024. The analysis aims to project the values of meat imports until May 2025 by using various forecasting algorithms to understand import trends and seasonality. The study used the TempoOnline database for data analysis, and the forecast used two methods: a seasonally adjusted regression model and the Holt-Winters methodology. The regression model integrated seasonal indices to forecast future imports, while the Holt-Winters method, which adjusts for trends and seasonality with smoothing constants, provided a more advanced prediction. The forecast results indicate that meat imports have increased significantly, especially after 2022, influenced by factors such as the pandemic and geopolitical instability. The regression model (Model 1) predicted a decrease in imports for 2024 compared to 2023, while the Holt-Winters model (Model 2) projected a substantial increase. The Holt-Winters model showed higher accuracy with lower RMSE and MAPE values than the regression model. In conclusion, both forecasting models provided valuable information on the trends in Romanian meat imports. The Holt-Winters model proved more accurate, predicting higher future imports with more appropriate values. The findings suggest that meat imports from Romania will continue to grow, with significant fluctuations due to seasonal effects. We recommend the Holt-Winters approach for more accurate future planning due to its superior forecasting performance.

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BALAN A.V., TOMA E. 2024, MEAT TRADE DYNAMICS: MONTHLY PATTERNS IN ROMANIA’S IMPORTS (CMA AND HOLT-WINTERS METHODS) . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 91-98.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Iuliana Mirela PINȚĂ

In the context of modern agriculture, medium-sized farms play a crucial role in ensuring economic sustainability and food security. These farms are large enough to benefit from modern technologies and economies of scale, but still small enough to be flexible and innovative. However, they face specific challenges, including access to finance, technology and markets, resource and labour management, and adaptation to climate change and government regulations. Optimizing the management of these farms is essential to ensure long-term productivity, sustainability and profitability. This article aims to explore management optimization methods for medium-sized farms, as well as a SWOT analysis of these methods based on which we will provide a series of conclusions for improving their performance. Agricultural management optimization requires as farmers to integrate new technologies and sustainable practices, to adapt to market and environmental changes, to invest in innovation and development. Only in this way, medium-sized agricultural farms can become models of efficiency and sustainability, contributing significantly to food security and environmental protection.

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PINTA I.M. 2024, METHODS OF OPTIMIZING THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL FARMS OF MEDIUM ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS- A REVIEW . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 629-634.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Monica Mihaela TUDOR, Vili DRAGOMIR, Marian BUȚU

The Romanian system of small and medium farms generates significant amounts of agricultural raw materials, an important part of which remains outside the market. On the other hand, Romania registers ever-increasing deficits in the trade balance with food products for which, however, it would have sufficient potential to be covered from national resources. In the current context of frequent crises and external shocks affecting the flow of goods and the availability of food globally (pandemics, armed conflicts, blockages in international transport, price volatility resulting from the growing demand for food for food from an increasingly large global population), increasing autonomy in ensuring food from internal sources appears as a necessity for ensuring economic and social stability. Agricultural policies are called to contribute to this goal by supporting a better integration of Romanian farm products in national agri-food chains. The paper aimed to carry out an assessment of Romania's vulnerability to food insecurity caused by dependence on agri-food imports during the 2013-2022 period, supplemented by an analysis of the contribution of the National Rural Development Plan 2014-2020 to the reduction of this risk. The study caried out an literature review on the analysed topic and a descriptive analysis of secondary statistical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics - regarding the trade balance and by the Payments and Interventions Agency for Agriculture - regarding the public intervention through NRDP 2014-2020. The study showed that, during the analysed period, Romania consolidated its position as a supplier of agricultural raw materials with low added value and, on the same time, its dependence on processed food imports significantly increased. NRDP measures have had low effectiveness in reducing food insecurity risks. The authors recommend re-shaping of public policy to support the local processing sectors for which the trade balance registers the largest deficit and for which Romania already supports the increase in the performance of primary production.

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TUDOR M.M., DRAGOMIR V., BUTU M. 2024, NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME - NRDP 2014-2020 CONTRIBUTION TO MARKET INTEGRATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED FARM PRODUCTION IN ROMANIA . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 935-940.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Petia BRANZOVA

The paper studies explores the potential and application of new crops in agriculture. New crops are defined as various plants that offer alternatives to traditional grain crops and legumes. They include oilseed crops, fiber crops, biomass crops, and plants with special applications in pharmaceuticals. The article discusses various potential applications of new crops, including fiber and textile production, nutritional supplements, biodegradable materials, pharmaceuticals, and energy resources. To achieve their full potential, innovative technologies and methods are presented, such as genetically modified organisms, precise selection and biotechnologies, smart agriculture, and vertical farming. The article also emphasizes the importance of socio-economic aspects and regulatory challenges associated with the introduction of new crops in agriculture. Overall, the article highlights the importance of new crops as a key element for the future of agriculture, offering solutions to the demands of growing populations and challenges facing the agricultural industry in the context of sustainable development.

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BRANZOVA P. 2024, NEW CROPS: POTENTIAL AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE FUTURE OF AGRICULTURE . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 107-118.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Ina MOGILDEA, Ludmila MOGILDEA, Adrian ZUGRAVU, Gabriela Alina CIOROMELE, Maria Magdalena TUREK RAHOVEANU

The study addresses the issue of developing non-agricultural activities in the Republic of Moldova, a region defined by the polarizing power of an area, through the convergence of current and historical socio-economic relations, which made urban areas the right choice for developing the methodology for establishing the role of non-agricultural activities in regional development. The paper aims to highlight the polarizing potential of some rural regions, which adds to the influence potential of predominantly urban regions. The non-agricultural rural economy offers the theoretical model. For the analysis, the complexity of non-agricultural activities was used, through which we identified three levels of development of these activities in the communes under study. The case study highlights how the urban area polarizes the labor force from the nearby rural area.

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MOGILDEA I., MOGILDEA L., ZUGRAVU A., CIOROMELE G.A., TUREK RAHOVEANU M.M. 2024, NON-AGRICULTURAL GAPS IN THE PROFILE OF THE REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 569-576.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Leomarich F. CASINILLO, Cristita A. CLAVA, Milagros C. BALES, Melbert O. HUNGO

This study aimed to explain the level of adoption of vegetable technologies among the youth members of 4-H clubs in some parts of Southern Leyte, Philippines, and expose its governing predictors. The data gathering employed cross-sectional and primary information among the 118 youth members selected in the form of a census. The study used a researcher-developed research instrument adapted from existing studies in the literature. The collected data were summarized using some standard descriptive metrics in statistics and an ordinal regression model was constructed to determine the predictors of vegetable technology adoption. The findings revealed that there are only a few youth members are implementing (8.47%) and adopting (4.24%) the vegetable technologies even if they have positively perceived the 4-H coordinator. The regression model revealed that youth members are more like to implement the vegetable technology if they have a higher income (p-value<0.1), they have no financial debt (p-value<0.01) and they learned from an effective 4-H coordinator (p-value<0.1). Furthermore, the ordered regression model revealed that youth members are going to implement (p-value<0.01) and adopt (p-value<0.01) the technology if it is not complex to follow. Conclusively, the local government must support the youth members regarding the financial aspect, and by providing expert agricultural extension agents to guide them in implementing and adopting the vegetable technologies.

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CASINILLO L.F., CLAVA C.A., BALES M.C., HUNGO M.O. 2024, ORDERED LOGISTIC MODELS FOR THE STAGES OF ADOPTION OF VEGETABLE TECHNOLOGIES . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 157-168.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Elena ILIEVA

Sharing economy has entered the tourism industry and significantly influenced the accommodation activity. P2P-accommodation has become an effective alternative of hospitality and is already one of the most developed sharing industries worldwide. The host is one of the main participants in P2P-accommodation and plays a key role in the P2P-accommodation system. The host’s reasons for participating in sharing services are diverse, but all of them are aiming to improve the host’s wellbeing in different aspects. Sharing economy is a new phenomenon on the Bulgarian market and it is remarkable that its entrance in the accommodation sector is dynamic. Even more, P2P-accommodation already plays a significant role in some rural regions in the country helping the local communities to develop tourism business and creating a livelihood for people. Therefore, the main purpose of the article is to investigate the rural host's perception of the P2P-accommodation influence on their wellbeing on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast as this is the most developed tourist region in the country. Within the current study a specific methodology in four main steps is developed based on variable scientific methods, such as: questionnaire survey, comparative analysis and correlation analysis. The main results show that the rural host’s perception about P2P-accommodation impact on their wellbeing is positive in various ways, but most importantly in economic and social manner. Though, improvement in the P2P-accommodation regulation framework and supply diversity is also needed in terms of its positive development perspectives.

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ILIEVA E. 2024, P2P-ACCOMMODATION IMPACT ON THE RURAL HOST’S WELLBEING: THE BULGARIAN BLACK SEA COAST CASE STUDY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 429-438.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3
Written by Halyna USTYNOVA, Mykola LOZINSKYI, Mykola GRABOVSKYI, Igor POKOTYLO, Yurii FEDORUK, Valerii KHAKHULA, Oksana LUPITKO, Taras PANCHENKO, Anatolii ALDOSHYN, Vitalina KARAULNA, Nataliia PRYSIAZHNIUK, Lyudmyla YEZERKOVSKA, Yuliia BAZILIEVA

In 2018-2020, the peculiarities of inheritance of grain number of the main spike in F1 and transgressive variability in F22 populations were studied in intraspecific hybridisation of early, medium early and medium late winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. It was found that in 97.5% of the hybrids the inheritance of grain number was based on positive superdominance with modification of phenotypic dominance (hp) depending on the selected hybridisation pairs and the year conditions. The excess of the extreme maximum grain number of the main spike over the parental forms in 18 (2019) and 14 (2020) F2 populations of 20 crossing combinations with a positive degree of transgression (Тd = 4.3-60.0%) and the frequency of breeding valuable recombinants (Тf = 3.3-66.7%) were studied. Positive correlations (r = 0.932; r = 0.977) between the positive degree and the frequency of transgressive recombinants were found to be very strong and close to functional correlations (r = 0.932; r = 0.977). The inclusion of varieties of different vegetation periods in hybridisation contributes to the formation of F2 populations with the possibility of selecting economically valuable recombinants by the number of grains per main ear.

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USTYNOVA H., LOZINSKYI M., GRABOVSKYI M., POKOTYLO I., FEDORUK Y., KHAKHULA V., LUPITKO O., PANCHENKO T., ALDOSHYN A., KARAULNA V., PRYSIAZHNIUK N., YEZERKOVSKA L., BAZILIEVA Y. 2024, PECULIARITIES OF INHERITANCE AND TRANSGRESSIVE VARIABILITY OF GRAIN NUMBER IN INTRASPECIFIC HYBRIDISATION OF WINTER BREAD WHEAT. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 24 ISSUE 3, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 953-962.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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