ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Otilia COTUNA, Mirela PARASCHIVU, Andreea BULAI, Ioan TOMA, Veronica SĂRĂŢEANU, Nicolae Marinel HORABLAGA, Ciprian BUZNA

Blumeria graminis (DC) f. sp. avenae Em. Marchal (powdery mildew) fungus is considered an important foliar pathogen for oat that can affect the yield and the quality, mainly in the years with cool and humid weather. Climate conditions in the spring of 2019 in Banat Plain (Lovrin area) were favourable for infections. The research objective was to identify the oat lines with good resistance to powdery mildew. Thus, there were monitored 15 oat lines. The research method applied was the calculation of the incidence, severity and infection degree of the fungus. The relative resistance of the oat lines was set by comparing the infection degree of the tested material with the oat line that had the highest sensitivity to the attack of the pathogen. The frequency of the plants with powdery mildew symptoms was comprised between 5% and 100%. The infection severity had values between 10% and 70%. The most resistant oat line from the experience was 2509 and the most sensitive was 2515. The resistant lines could be used to the creation of some productive oat varieties with a good resistance to the attack of powdery mildew.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Tarek FOUDA, Ahmed AWNY, Mohamed DARWISH, Nourhan KASSAB, Mohamed GHONAME

The aim of the experiments was determine the amount of greenhouse gases emitted (nitrous oxide ,ethane and carbon dioxide equivalent) resulting from poultry farms and the effect of these gases on energy productivity of poultry, as well as determining carbon footprint of laying hens production farms to reduce the negative effects of greenhouse gases emissions. In addition to providing necessary information on the performance of laying hens and providing guidance to poultry farmers on the relative merits of different climatic conditions to help set standards for different production traits. The experiments were conducted in one of the farms in the city of Mansoura during the period from June to October 2021 and the capacity of the farm was 40,000 laying hens. The results showed that the amount of methane gas produced from the farm was 0.4 ton CH4 yr-1 and nitrous oxide gas was 0.677 ton N2O yr-1 for manure management. Thus, the total emissions of manure management are estimated at 50.365 tons of CO2-eq. The amount of greenhouse gas emissions for diesel is 434.59 tons of CO2-eq. The amount of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) for the electricity used in the farm is 8 tons of CO2-eq. In the end, the total amount of emissions produced from the farm is 492.96 tons of CO2-eq.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Mariana BURCEA, Nicoleta OLTENACU, Emilia Brînduşa SĂNDULESCU

Agriculture is the economic sector that benefited most from Romania's entry into the European Union, especially through the National Rural Development Program - PNDR 2014-2020 program, which was based on providing non-reimbursable funds to Romanian farmers in order to modernize and expand agricultural holdings. In total, since Romania's accession to the EU, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, has developed European and national funds for agriculture of over 26 billion euros, the average annual absorption rate being 96%. The paper presents the dynamics of cultivated areas, in a crop formed by wheat, barley, corn and sunflower crops, in the period 2015-2020, cultivated in an organic system compared to the conventional one. Because crop rotations play a key role in ensuring the sustainability of modern farming systems, they remain crucial in the practice of organic farming systems, as they combat diseases, pests, weeds, water shortages and soil nutrients.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Daniela- Mirela PLESOIANU

The paper analyzed tourist arrivals in tourist and agri-tourist guesthouses of Romania in the year 2020 compared to 2019 in order to evaluate in what measure this tourism indicator was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The data provided by National Institute of Statistics allow to establish the dispersion of tourist arrivals in the territory of the country by the eight microregions of development and also to quantify the levels of the specific concentration indices: Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, Gini-Struck Index and Coefficient of Concentration. After the year 2019, which reached the top arrivals, overnight stays and receipts in Romania's tourism, the year 2020 brought the Covid- 19 pandemic which has disturbed tourism performance. However, in Romania the effects on tourism industry were lower than in other countries. In the periods of relaxation measures, tourists chose safe destinations for combining both the visits to objectives of high interest with tourist services of accommodation and meals at a convenient tariff. From this point of view, tourist and agri-tourist guesthouses were among the best alternatives, and they recorded a higher growth rate of tourist arrivals than at the national level in tourism industry. In 2019, tourist arrivals were higher in the tourist pensions located in the Center, North West, North East and West parts of the country, and in agri-tourist pensions situated in Center, North East, and North West. In 2020, the guesthouses situated in Centre, North West and North East regions registered the highest tourist arrivals. A moderate concentration of the arrivals was confirmed by the values of Herfindahl-Hirschman index which varied between 0.15 and 0.25, by the values of Gini-Struck index which were higher than 0.3 in the year 2019, but a little lower than 0.3 in 2020, and the values of Concentration coefficient which were higher than 0.33. Due to the reduced arrivals in 2020, all the concentration indices had lower values than in the year 2019. As final conclusion, in Romania,it is a moderate concentration of tourist arrivals, and even thou in 2020 there were problems caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, tourist and agri-tourist guesthouses were an alternative for accommodation and meals, harmoniously combining the need of safety with the desire to visit the tourist attractions of high interest.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Dan BODESCU, Gavril ȘTEFAN, Dan CAZACU, Alexandru Sorin TUDORAN, Adriana MĂGUREANU, Oana COCA

The purpose of the research presented in this paper is to develop a specific sample model for the analysis of costs in agriculture which was done by: 1. Scientific documentation to determine the main criteria to determine the relevance of including farm size ranges in the sampling structure; 2. sensitivity analysis in order to measure the impact of each criterion on farm-specific economic performance; 3. Interviews with farmers from a representative sample for the evaluation of farms by size categories; 4. restructuring the size ranges. The field researches were carried out in the second half of 2020, on two development regions of Romania: NE and SE. The average general score obtained by the entire sample is 4.7, which resulted in a structure of agricultural farms in economic size consisting of V intervals with the following limits: 100,000 SO, 250,000 SO, 500,000 SO, 750,000 SO, 1,000,000 SO.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Liubov KOVALSKA, Svitlana ROGACH, Nina PETRUKHA, Nataliya MAMONTOVA, Oksana YURCHENKO, Svitlana DEREVIANKO, Olena KOLUMBET

The article considers the specifics of ensuring the efficiency of agricultural enterprises on the example of the Volyn region, Ukraine. The need to achieve the appropriate level of profitability as a criterion for the successful operation of agricultural enterprises is identified. The results of the activity of agricultural enterprises of the region according to the criteria of profitability and profitability are analyzed. The correlation-regression model for the definition of the key criteria which express the efficiency of functioning of the agricultural enterprises is constructed.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Cristina Maria STERIE, Eduard Alexandru DUMITRU

Certification of agri-food products is a mechanism for consumer protection, providing confidence and product compliance. Certified products, depending on the type of certification and the shape of the relief, have unique characteristics such as safety and quality. In Romania, there are 1,201 certified products of the mountain product type, Vâlcea County holding a share of 15.9% of the total products at national level. There are 641 products of traditional product type, concentrating in Transylvania, Muntenia and Maramureș, Brașov county holding the share of 27% of the total products of this type certified nationally. There are 141 products of the established recipe type, and the products certified as Certified Wines are 130 products, concentrated in the sub-Carpathian area, due to the wine-growing areas owned.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Lucica DOBRE, Dorina Nicoleta MOCUŢA

The concept of sustainability or sustainable development has become, especially in recent decades, one without we cannot establish and build a paradigm that meets the necessary and viable elements for a functional society of the future. There is a rich literature on sustainability, but we aim to analyze and bring to light a holistic transdisciplinary perspective useful into learning about a certain part of social reality: quality of life in rural areas of Romania, from the perspective of sustainable development. The main goal of the research we undertake is an analysis of the aspects considered to be relevant and effective in terms of subjective and objective indicators essential into describing a very important phenomenon and social, economic, cultural, spiritual process: quality of life. We capture both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the key concepts: quality of life, sustainable development, rural environment and we analyze them. We bring into light the concept of sustainable development and its social, economic, cultural and spiritual implications as it is mentioned in Brundtland report. The methodology is based on several complementary working tools. We mainly use, significant and recent INNS and Eurostat statistics on topic, and also integrate a series of indicators - subjective and objective - relevant to clarify the aspects brought in the research. The results of our current study reveal the way sustainable development impact demographic aspects in Romanian rural areas.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Katerina CHURKOVA

During the period 2014 - 2016 in the Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture in Troyan was conducted a research experiment to determine the economic effect of imported bioproducts in the following fertilizing variants: 1.Control /untreated/; 2. Lumbrex – 1.5 L/ha; 3. Lumbrex – 2.0 L/ha; 4. Lumbrical - 150 ml/m2; 5. Lumbrical - 200 ml/m2. Based on the presented economic indicators, biofertilizer and fertilizing dose were chosen, combining high economic and ecological effect. It was found that for the conditions of light gray pseudo-podzolic soils, fertilizing with Lumbrex at a dose of 1.5 L/ha showed high productivity (11.3 t/ha), the lowest production costs (924.40 BGN/ha), the highest gross profit (2825.60 BGN/ha) and profitability (305.67%). The introduction of this bioproduct in the production of meadow grasses is an alternative for the realization of high yield and economically important technological solution for obtaining ecologically clean fodder production.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 4
Written by Dragoș Mihai MEDELETE, Radu Lucian PÂNZARU

The aim of the paper was to analyze the economic and financial aspects of the commercial company AGRICOM L.L.C. in the period 2017-2019 using the specific indicators. The unit has a considerable age (the company's statute was updated in 2012), being included in the field of activity "cultivation of non-perennial plants", and as main object of activity cultivation of cereals (excluding rice), legumes and seed plants oilseeds " – CAEN code 0111. The unit works an area of 49.07 ha, and in addition makes distribution and sale of inputs related to the production process in agriculture (fertilizers, seeds, control substances). The unit has, according to the Balance of fixed assets, endowments worth 493,877.86 lei. The unit grew winter wheat, corn, peas, sunflower, rapeseed and alfalfa. Through the culture palette practiced, it aimed to ensure the conditions related to the subsidy of the activity. The unit registers operating profit - 146,654.33 lei and pays a tax of 7,821 lei, aspects that lead to a net profit of 138,833.33 lei (average values for the period 2017, 2018 and 2019).

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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