ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Valentina AGAPIEVA-ALIOSMAN, Violeta DIRIMANOVA

Organic farming is a multifunctional set of activities that integrates economic and social issues with those related to environmental protection and is a suitable alternative for producers, processors and traders, helping to make the best decision for the organization, management and development of their farms. This production method contains both its organizational and economic features and all the characteristics of agriculture. The goal of the present scientific paper is to analyse and evaluate the important role of organic farming for the agricultural sector development in Bulgaria. The study is based on directly collected empirical information from 73 organic farms operating on the territory of Plovdiv District in Bulgaria. Our research reveals prerequisites, opportunities, strategic guidelines and recommendations for increasing the economic efficiency of the organic production, and country’s agriculture respectively for the next Programming Period 2021-2027. After overcoming the organizational and economic problems that accompany it, we believe that organic farming is substantial practical way and sustainable approach to the future progress of contemporary agriculture in Bulgaria.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Maria ROBU, Cătălin-Răzvan VÎNTU, Alexandru FÎNTÎNERU Andrei ISACHI, Elena LEONTE

Agricultural marketing is aimed at presenting the concept and methodology in this area, issues related to the knowledge of the market and its requirements in the broad field of the circulation of agri-food products. In the context of economy globalization, specific methodological aspects are addressed, which condition the creation and functioning of the agri-food market. Agricultural production has represented an important industry for our country. It can be argued that Romania is a privileged country in this respect, as it has a rich past and various cultural traditions in the production and distribution of agricultural and food products. The foundation and deployment of all the economic activities and processes that make up agribusiness in terms of marketing optics are intended to fully ensure this, as marketing increasingly asserts itself as a science of rationalization and optimization. The used methods of research consisted in processing primary data gathered from the studied unit. Several interviews took place at the unit headquarters in Neamț county. The authors concluded, among other aspects, that A quantitative and qualitative increase of the agricultural plant and animal production is possible only by capitalizing the national productive potential and promoting organic farming systems, stimulating the increase of the performances of agricultural producers and the competitiveness of Romanian agri-food products on the domestic and international market

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Mihai BERCA, Valentina-Ofelia ROBESCU, Roxana HOROIAȘ

In a trifactorial experiment, crop rotation x years x treatments, performed in the south of Romania, on the leached chernozem soil from the Burnas Plain, some concrete results have been obtained. There is a negative correlation between the degree of crop weeding and the level of Josef wheat yield. In monoculture, after 10 years of experimentation, about 40 t weeds biomass/ha have been registered (5 → 40). Over the same period, yield decreased from 62 q/ha to about 23 q/ha (–39 q/ha). Carrying out two herbicide treatments (autumn and spring) reduced the weeds quantity to 15 t/ha, ie three times lower, and the yield from 62 to 35 q/ha (–27 q/ha) at the end of the research period. Herbicide treatments performed on the farm model have been ineffective in wheat monoculture. In crop rotation, decreases in yields without treatments, after 10 years, are significant, but without exceeding 10 q/ha. Under treatment conditions, in the 4-years crop rotation (peas-wheat-rape-wheat = P-W-R-W) the harvest level remains uniform or slightly increases, from 61 to 63 q/ha (insignificant). The lack of herbicides reduces yields twice as much in monoculture, compared to crop rotation. Monoculture also reduces the effect of herbicide treatments. In addition to the accumulation of a much larger biomass of weeds, there are also hard-to-fight species, such as Cirsium, Convolvulus, Matricaria. The density of annual and even perennial grasses (Avena fatua, Setaria glauca and Sorghum halepense) also increases

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Sarina ROSENBERG, Dragos CRISTEA, Mihaela NECULIȚĂ, Ira-Adeline SIMIONOV, Ștefan-Mihai PETREA, Alina MOGODAN

The economic reality of the Romanian rural space describes a different unemployment rate than those registered in the urban areas or at national level. At the same time, the dynamics of the economic sectors belonging to the rural areas is different from its evolution in the urban environment. Forms of employment in rural areas tend to be predominantly of a permanent nature, to the detriment of temporary work or seasonal ones. Elements of influence on the individual, which affect the decision to work or the option to choose a satisfactory job are the financial and social conditions. Influencing factors such as the level of education and qualification, the level of income per person or household, the work seasonality phenomenon in different economic sectors, constantly change the employment work level, also the contractual form in which the work is performed. This article describes the interaction of some economic and social indicators on the unemployment rate in the Romanian rural areas and highlights its evolution in the economic and social context of the last decade. The analysis method used in this paper is the quantitative one. An important share of the total number of unemployed in rural areas, is represented by people who have never worked, who have never had a work experience, regardless of age or level of education. The highest values are registered for people aged between 15-24 years and for those who graduated high school and the lowest weight values are for people aged 55-64 years and those with university degrees. For the last decade, the highest number of rural unemployed are people who have finished or graduate the high school, and the unemployed with secondary school. The highest increasing value of unemployed people is recorded in 2015. The highest decreasing values of unemployed people are recorded between 2016 and 2019.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Maya DIMITROVA, Shteliyana KALINOVA, Tonya GEORGIEVA, Plamen ZOROVSKI

The purpose of the study was to trace the after-effect of soil and leaf herbicides applied in maize on the next crop in rotation – wheat. In a 4-year period were carried out field experiments. The efficacy and selectivity of herbicides in maize were traced. Visual observations of plants of wheat were conducted during various phenological phases of the crop: germination, first leaf displayed (BBCH-11), two leaves displayed (BBCH-12), tillering (BBCH-20), lactic maturity (BBCH-77). Manifestations of phytotoxicity on the wheat plants were not established. After-effect of the herbicides was traced and the formation of major quantitative traits: plant height, length of classes, number of classes, number of grains in the class and weight of grain in the class. By variance analysis of pooled data were analyzed signs and evidenced the differences compared to the untreated control. The differences between the variatns with treatment and the control are essential. This confirms the visual assessments about the lack of negative after-effect of Laudis OD, Lumax 538 SC, Elumis, Gardoprim plus Gold 500 SC, Wing P, Stellar, Casper 55 VG and Merlin flex, applied in maize, on the next crop in rotation.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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