ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Miroslav RAICOV, Adrian BĂNEȘ, Ioan BRAD, Andrea FEHER

This article presents an analytical survey on the perspectives and impacts of the absorption of rural development funds in Romania. The study makes an x-ray of the level of support and absorption rate in two financial years 2013-2017 and 2014-2020. The aim is to highlight the impact of these capital infusions in the Romanian rural area. The learning mechanism policy of the two programming periods analysed should be "a lesson learned" for the next period. This is particularly important in view of the future funds allocated through the new multiannual financial framework 2021-2027, as well as recovery and resilience assistance through the post-pandemic instrument NextGeneration EU. The main conclusion that emerges is that the absorption rate of the rural development fund in Romania is an appropriate one, being above the NMS-13 average. However, Romania's needs, objectives and priorities in terms of rural development, which are well identified in the National Rural Development Programs, are not addressed in the financial allocations materialized through selected measures and sub-measures. Greater coherence and clarity is needed between what is strategically stated as objectives and priorities and the content of the funding program. The ideas, solutions and suggestions formulated by the authors may have practical applications in developing future programs and the rural strategy on the horizon 2050.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Liliana VELEA, Silvia PUIU, Anișoara IRIMESCU, Roxana BOJARIU, Vasile CRĂCIUNESCU

Capitalizing on the natural, cultural and anthropogenic potential for tourism in rural areas represents an important chance for local economy in Romania. Some of the main assets of a rural touristic destination are weather and climate conditions along with overall quality of services provided. Therefore, including climate and other relevant environmental information (e.g. on the greenness of the vegetation, low level of pollution etc.) in the promotion of agrotourism may contribute to a faster uptake of potential consumers/tourists and increase of overall success of the agritourist activity. In this line, we present a selection of such information tailored for tourism and customizable for specific locations which may positively contribute to building the image of the agritourist destination. The information, developed by the National Meteorological Administration, is currently available for 160 touristic locations in Romania, free of charge, through the web-based application WECTOU (Weather and Climate for Tourism) http://wectou.meteoromania.ro/ . Personalized information is available as well as a larger palette of climate and environmental products, such that to answer efficiently the specific requirements of the user.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Radu BERTICI, Daniel DICU, Mihai HERBEI, Florin SALA

The study evaluated soil fertility based on specific agrochemical indices, in order to characterize the spatial variability of the agricultural land studied, and for differentiated fertilizers management. The agricultural land under study is located in the area of Tormac, Timis County, Romania. The soil is of the stagno-gleyc preluvosol type, medium loam-clay. Soil reaction (pH), humus content (H%), phosphorus content (P, ppm), and potassium content (K, ppm) were analysed. The values of the degree of saturation in bases (V%) and the nitrogen index (NI) were determined. The pH values varied between 5.40-6.84 ± 0.09, and the degree of saturation in the bases (V%), registered a variation in close correlation with the pH, in the range 51.81-89.02 ± 2.41%. Nitrogen index (NI) registered values between 1.21-2.63±0.08%. Phosphorus content (P) had values between 21.83-111.60 ± 4.88 ppm, and potassium content (K) recorded values between 115.00-341.0 ± 11.97 ppm. There were low values of the coefficient of variation in the case of soil reaction (CVpH = 7.4868) and high values in the case of phosphorus content (CVP = 44.186). The other agrochemical indices studied had intermediate values in terms of coefficient of variation (CVV = 16.8066; CVNI = 22.0252; CVK = 27.3909). Principal Component Analysis facilitated the obtaining of the samples distribution diagram, in relation to the studied agrochemical indices, according to which PC1 explained 87.845% of the variance, and PC2 explained 10.218% of the variance.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Liliana CIMPOIEȘ

Governmental support policy is important to achieve growth and sustainable development of important sectors for the economy. The requirements of such an involvement is based on frequent cases of market failures. Agricultural subsidizing policy is an important mechanism through which the government can support this sector. One of the main instruments of intervention in the agricultural sector are subsidies. Subsidies aim to influence or improve food/agricultural prices/costs, food supply, farm profits and incomes. The aim of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the current support/subsidizing policy, through the allocation and distribution of farm subsidies in Moldova as main economic incentives to support the development of the agricultural sector. The research is based on secondary data analysis related to the amount of allocated subsidies, number of beneficiaries and their distribution provided by the Agency of Interventions and Payments in Agriculture. Also, some specific macroeconomic data related to the agricultural sector performance from National Bureau of Statistics was used. The referred time series analysis belongs to 2010-2019. Despite the fact that agriculture is an important sector for economic development in Moldova, the financial resources allocated for its support are limited. Subsidized policy should target new aspects related to improving the access to information, introducing annual assessment of the efficiency of allocated funds to support agriculture and rural development, value chain development.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Nicu C. MERCA, Teodor RUSU, Ioan MERCA, Andreea D. ONA

Weather changes significantly affect people's lives. Climatic data recorded so far indicates a progressive warming of the weather. Agriculture is one of the most affected branches due to its dependence on the evolution of the weather throughout the entire plants growing season. Agroecology can be one of the correct and concrete answers to the challenge of climate change, as this type of agriculture respects the natural balance of Earth, reducing human impact as much as possible. The current research presents the situation of agroecology in our country, as well as the evolution of organically grown crops areas. Although over the last 10 years, in Romania, the trend has fluctuated slightly with both decreases and increases, starting with 2017 the evolution of organic cultivated areas follow a positive trend. Organic farming follows the same positive trend in European Union and also worldwide. As concerns the types of organic crops grown in Romania in 2019 the largest area is occupied by cereals (32.09%), followed by permanent crops of meadows and hayfields (29.2%), then by industrial crops (19.82%). The smallest ratios of organically cultivated areas are represented by tuberous and root plants, as well as vegetables. Wheat is the most widespread crop, followed by maize, sunflower and barley. Other organic crops in our country, but cultivated on smaller areas, are rye, triticale, oats, rice, soybeans, potatoes and sugar beets. The increase of the surfaces on which the agroecology extends corresponds to the necessity of the humanity to return to the natural state, just how agriculture was from its beginnings, in order to slow down the climatic changes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Cristina BĂLĂCEANU, Dorina MOCUȚA, Daniela PENU

This paper aims to identify the mechanisms by which the state and the entire economy will be geared towards identifying feasible solutions for creating a sustainable and lasting economy. This will require reforming the role of the state in the economy, depoliticizing actions and deeds that ensure the sustainability of the economy to eliminate corruptible actions and factors supporting corruption of the statistic system and those adjacent to them. Currently, the state economy is viewed piecemeal, based on the categories of economic agents who are being assisted or with whom they are developing partnership relations. The state also influences the social and economic conditions through the legal system, through promoted actions, generating systemic attitudes and behaviors at the entire societal community’s level. The state is directly involved in ensuring the welfare of society, if we look at this aspect through the prism of promoting factors of welfare, respectively endowment with factors of production, access to education, legal system that encourages the right to employment, infrastructure investments to accelerate the process of compatibility of the economies, with the auxiliary objective of creating alternative jobs but also moving to a higher stage of development in line with the principles of sustainable development.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Rodica CHETROIU, Ancuța MARIN

The aim of this paper is to present the evolution of buffaloes’ number and buffalo milk production, from the perspective of statistical indicators and the topicality at territorial level, also describing the ways of buffalo milk use and distribution. The calculations are based on the operational data provided by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and official statistic data, using statistical indicators such as average, minimum, maximum, annual growth rate, standard deviation, coefficient of variation. Research shows that during 2010-2020, number of buffaloes decreased to 19,596 heads, by 30.3%, with an average annual rate of -3.55%. The majority of buffaloes grow in central and north western Romania, and the largest numbers are in Cluj County (3,470 heads). On October 31, 2020, 199,539 hl of buffalo milk were produced, Maramureș County being on the first place, with 50,976 hl milk. Of total milk production, 58.3% is destined for market, 28% for family consumption and 13.7% for technological consumption on farms. Of the market milk, 64.7% is sold directly on the market and only 35.3% is delivered to milk processing units.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Alina MARCUȚĂ, Cristiana TINDECHE, Valentina TUDOR, Cosmina CARBARĂU (SMEDESCU), Dragoș SMEDESCU, Liviu MARCUȚĂ

Conventional farming systems have been an alternative given that global population growth has been accompanied by an increase in food needs, and areas for production have not been able to keep pace with growth. But the practice of conventional agriculture is the one that, along with other ways of aggressive exploitation of natural resources, economic development, has contributed to environmental degradation and resource depletion. Under these conditions, alternative solutions were sought both to reduce the pressure on the environment, but also to obtain healthier foods that would thus contribute to improving human health. Organic farming, sustainable agriculture, uses principles that have been applied for a long time, but with the advent of the concept of circular economy, as a way to reduce pollution and improve the health of the planet, have been sought solutions for its application in agriculture conventional. In this paper we aim to analyze the current situation of the use of pesticides in agriculture, as an important source of pollution, as well as the possibilities of implementing the principles of circularity in their use, given their high degree of toxicity. The working methodology involved the collection of existing data in national databases, as well as in international ones on the quantities of pesticides sold, the quantities of packaging resulting from their use, but also the possibilities of collection and recycling, as a way of applying recircularity. Based on the processed, analyzed and interpreted data, conclusions were formulated that could be the basis for establishing measures regarding the implementation of efficient circularity systems in agriculture.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Dumitru Florin FRONE, Simona FRONE

As shown in previous research, in Romania there is a significant gap of development of water supply and sanitation networks (WSS), with significant regional and urban-rural disparities. In the light of the 2030 Agenda and the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs), a sustainable development can only be achieved through a holistic approach, in which the links between several SDGs are harnessed. Today, with the start of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic in 2020, public health and personal and family hygiene are the highest priorities, practically reaffirming the crucial importance and synergies of SDGs such as SDG1- No Poverty and SDG6-Clean Water and Sanitation. In this context, the paper analyses some current trends, benefits and contributions of European and Structural Investment (ESI)-funded WSS projects in Romania, through the Large Infrastructure Operational Program. The conclusions present some recommendations and perspectives on the continuation of sustainable development efforts for the water and wastewater infrastructure sector in Romania, especially those increasing access to public WSS services in poorly served rural areas.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 21 ISSUE 2
Written by Anda-Irina ANGELESCU, Ion DONA, Indira Deniz RESIT (ALIM)

This paper represents an analysis of how the number of operators in the organic agriculture sector in Romania, in general, and in Prahova County, in particular, has evolved. The analyzed interval is 2010-2019 for the world and European level and 2010-2020 for national level, period for which complete data were found. The global and European context regarding this indicator of organic agriculture was initially analyzed and interpreted and then the data regarding its evolution in Romania and in Prahova County. The following were analyzed: the evolution of the organic number producers, the number of processors, the number of importers and exporters of organic products, using documentation as a working method. The conclusions that emerge are that, in the context in which organic farming is considered the agriculture of the future, human society is increasingly concerned about the protection of the environment and the health of its members, this production system has expanded in recent years, in parallel. increasing the number of operators in the system. Also, Romania followed the general trend of development of the organic agriculture sector, the Romanian farmers being motivated, in increasing number, to practice this production system. Farmers in Prahova County are no exception, being certified both for organic production in the plant and animal sector and for processing, import-export and marketing of organic production.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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