ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Valerii KOLIADA, Pavlo NAZAROK, Oleksandr KRUGLOV, Alla ACHASOVA

The results of modeling of potential soil losses due to surface soil runoff according to the current DSTU 7904: 2015 are considered. "Soil quality. Determination of potential threat of erosion under the influence of rains" on the slope of the field with contour-ameliorative organization of the territory (CAOT) on the lands of SE" DG Donetske" of NSC "Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry named after O.N. Sokolovsky" Bahmutsky district of Donetsk region, Ukraine. The main tasks of the work were: determination of potential soil losses on the slope of the fields to choose the more appropriate way of management in terms of using the working areas in the research system for black fallow, field crop rotation (excluding the impact of forest shelterbelts and taking into account the impact of shelterbelts), soil protective crop rotation. The use of working areas A and B under black fallow expectedly led to the excess of permissible soil losses in both areas, modeled according to the current DSTU 7904:2015 in Ukraine. Exceeding the allowable soil losses from erosion also occurred in section A under the conditions of its use for field crop rotation. Under the conditions of use of areas for soil protection crop rotation and in the conditions of functional compliance of forest shelterbelts, soil losses in both plots remain within the norm. In order to prevent the concentration of surface runoff from both working areas (A and B) in the lower part of the landfill, it is recommended to periodically apply the "rehabilitation" period with the organizing of soil protection crop rotation after black fallow.

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KOLIADA V., NAZAROK P., KRUGLOV O., ACHASOVA A. 2022, MANAGEMENT OF SOIL EROSION IN CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENT CROP ROTATIONS AND SHELTERBELTS FUNCTIONS. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 313-320.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Anton TRETIAK, Valentina TRETIAK, Nataliia KOMAROVA, Tatyana PRIADKA, Dmytro KOMAROV, Nataliia TRETIAK

The study considers the approach to the assessment of the formation of balanced agricultural land use by agricultural enterprises. Key efficiency indicators were proposed to use in the assessment of the effectiveness of sustainable agricultural land use measures, namely the environmental sustainability factor – to assess the environmental stability, the yield per unit area and gross value added – for economic and social sustainability assessment. In particular, the study presents the results of the calculations of the actual and potential economic and social efficiency of land use in agricultural enterprises, as well as the calculation of those for non-traditional land use on the example of Kyiv oblast. It was found that reducing the area under sunflower does not worsen economic and social sustainability, but rather improves it. The calculated indicators of economic and social sustainability of land use reveal that Kyiv oblast should adhere to the norms of ratio of the crops sowing scheme and the area under niche crops increase.

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TRETIAK A., TRETIAK V., KOMAROVA N., PRIADKA T., KOMAROV D., TRETIAK N. 2022, METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE FORMATION OF SUSTAINABLE (BALANCED) AGRICULTURAL LAND USE. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 669-678.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Anatolii KUCHER, Lesia KUCHER, Yulia PASHCHENKO

The paper studied the impact of the level of production intensity on productivity and profitability of crop production in agricultural enterprises of the regions of Ukraine. In order to answer the question of how to increase crop yields and financial returns of lands in the face of climate change, we built graphic-analytical models of dependence of the yield (productivity) of basic agricultural crops from the size of operating (production) expenses per 1 ha of harvested area in agricultural enterprises of the Ukrainian regions. The results of the analysis showed that the real increase in the yield of analyzed crops is directly related to an increase in the level of intensity, expressed by the value of expenses per 1 ha of harvested area. The paper employed the correlation and regression analysis for quantifying tightness and mathematical description of the relationship, in particular, the dependence of the yield of winter wheat grain, corn for grain, sunflower, soy, rape and potatoes from the size of production expenses per 1 ha harvested area. The predicted optimal level of intensity was determined, taking into account the action of the economic law of diminishing returns.

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KUCHER A., KUCHER L., PASHCHENKO Y. 2022, MODELING OF THE OPTIMAL LEVEL OF INTENSITY OF CROP PRODUCTION AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 351-358.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by György SZABÓ

The purpose of the paper was to broadly present the specific issues connected to potato cultivation. There are approached aspects of those issues that are not examined enough or the issues which are not yet solved, namely plant nutrient disorders caused by plant protection. There is a specialised field of work concerned with the above topic, but the efficient solutions are few. The majority of solutions recommend chemical intervention, but this does not compile with the recent orientations regarding the EU new Common Agricultural Policy reform expresses in Green Deal that points out the need as production technologies to be environmentally friendly and products to be healthy for assuring food safety. For this reason, in the paper it is presented a biological environmental protection solution in potato cropping for Ila variety compared to chemical protection applied to Kloepatra variety.

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SZABO G. 2022, NONCHEMICAL VERSUS CHEMICAL PROTECTION IN POTATO BLIGHT. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 649-654.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Elena DREPA, Yulya BEZGINA, Elena GOLOSNAYA, Anna GOLUB

Improvement of the technology for the cultivation of winter wheat in the arid zone of the Stavropol Territory based on the optimization and renewal of the varietal base of winter wheat grown using the No-Till technology. The work was carried out in 2019–2020 in the arid zone of the Stavropol Territory. In the experiment to study the assessment of varieties of winter wheat grown according to the predecessors of peas and sunflower, we studied 15 varieties. The economic variant, variety Yuka, was used as a control one. The total size of the experimental plot is 1.9 hectares. The yield of the predecessor peas was 23.92-39.44 q/ha, depending on the variety. The highest-yielding variety turned out to be Tanya (39.44 q/ha), which is 12.6% higher than the economic variant Yuka (35.04 q/ha). An increase of 4.8-7.1% in relation to the economic variant Yuka was given by the varieties Aksinya and Volny Don. All studied varieties showed a fairly high degree of resistance to the development of pathogens. The highest prevalence rate and intensity of development of pyrenophorosis in winter wheat plants sown after peas was noted in the Alekseich variety – 67% prevalence and 0.63% intensity, and the lowest in the Aist variety – 22% and 0.33%, respectively. The highest prevalence and development rate of pyrenophorosis in winter wheat plants sown after sunflower was observed in the Krasa Dona variety – 47% prevalence and 0.63% intensity, and the lowest in the Niva Stavropolya variety – 21% and 0.33%, respectively.

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DREPA E., BEZGINA Y., GOLOSNAYA E., GOLUB A. 2022, OPTIMIZATION OF NO-TILL TECHNOLOGY ELEMENTS FOR WINTER WHEAT GROWING IN DRY CONDITIONS. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 181-188.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Iryna CHEREVKO, Heorhiy CHEREVKO

The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of creating conditions for the development of organic agriculture as an effective direction of its greening and niche direction of further development of this branch as a resource basis for sustainable development of rural areas of Ukraine. The research methodology is formed on the basis of a dialectical approach to the study of economic phenomena and includes such methods as the method of analytical generalizations, induction and deduction, scientific abstraction, comparison and monographic description. The results of the study show that organic agriculture in Ukraine has the necessary natural conditions for its development, but its rate is much lower than in European countries. This is evidenced by the low share of organic crops, the extremely negative situation in organic livestock and low levels of consumption of organic products. The development of organic agriculture in Ukraine requires the creation of conditions to increase access to credit for small producers, adapt foreign experience in the industry, to promote the development of certification of products and producers, to develop cooperation and information and advisory services, to promote the consumption of organic food, as well as increasing of government support within the framework of the implementation of the National Economic Strategy of Ukraine for the period up to 2030.

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CHEREVKO I., CHEREVKO H. 2022, ORGANIC NICHE AGRICULTURE IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 75-86.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Toma Adrian DINU, Elena STOIAN, Valentin ŞERBAN

The paper analyzed rural population, rural working age population, civil population occupied in agriculture and agricultural output value using the data from National Institute of Statistics for the period 2008-2020. Trend line, regression equations, coefficient of determination, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient represented the methodological means for processing the data. Romania had still a high labour resource accounting for 6.23 million persons in 2020, by 10% more than in 2008. In the period 2008-2020, the population able to work declined in almost all the regions, except North East and Bucharest Ilfov, but, the rural population having the age to work increased in various proportions in all the regions. However, civil population occupied in agriculture declined by - 30% from 2,407 thousand persons in 2008 to 1,681 thousand persons in 2020. Population aging and migration are the main causes of this decrease. The decline in the territory ranged between -31.3% in North East and -25% in Bucharest-Ilfov. Agricultural production value increased by +21.6% from Ron 66,993 Million in 2008 to Ron 81,400 Million in 2020. In 2020, the highest agricultural output value was achieved in South Muntenia, North East, North West, South West Oltenia, South East. Analyzing the linear dependency between the ranks of civil population occupied in agriculture and agricultural output value, we noticed that in 2008, it was not found such a connection, as Spearman's correlation coefficient was rS = 0.1004, tcrit 6;0.05 was 1,943 and RI = 0.4748 < 0.1943. However, in 2020, between the ranks of the two studied indicators was found a linear dependency reflected by rS = 0.739, RI = 2.26, tcrit 6;0.05 was 1,943, therefore RI tcrit. As a final conclusion, while the population occupied in agriculture decreases, agricultural production value increases due to the decline in civil population occupied in this economic sector caused by aging and migration, increased performance in agricultural production, grace to technological progress and a better farm management, price volatility for agricultural products, financial support according to the CAP of the EU and Romania's Government.

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POPESCU A., DINU T.A., STOIAN E., SERBAN V. 2022, POPULATION OCCUPIED IN AGRICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION VALUE IN ROMANIA, 2008-2020. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 503-514.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Raisa VOZHEHOVA, Tetyana MARCHENKO, Yurii LAVRYNENKO, Olena PILIARSKA, Pavlo ZABARА, Serhii ZAIETS, Andrii TYSHCHENKO, Serhii MISHCHENKO, Svіtlana KORMOSH

The article presents field research results on studying the effect of treating maize plants with growth regulating biological products on the formation of productivity of lines – parental components for optimizing the elements of cultivation technology. The experimental scheme included the effect of Bio-gel and Helafit®-combi biological products on the productivity of parental components of different FAO groups and genetic plasms of maize hybrids at different densities of 70,000, 80,000, 90,000 plants ha-1. Studies have shown that for the maximum manifestation of the "weight of 1,000 grains" indicator the optimal density is 70,000 plants ha-1. The increase in yield is positively influenced by the increase in the weight of 1,000 seeds, which is due to the line genotype and the use of the Bio-gel, Helafit®-combi biologically active products. Pre-sowing treatment of maize seeds with Bio-gel and Helafit®-combi increased laboratory seed germination. With the Bio-gel product applied, the laboratory germination increased by an average of 1.5%, with Helafit®-combi used seed germination increased by 2.4%. In our studies, the maximum seed yield in the early-ripening line of the DK 281 parental component was recorded at a density of 90,000 plants ha-1 and the treatment with Helafit®-combi and amounted to 3.65 t ha-1. The maximum yield of the DK 247 parental component was observed at a density of 80,000 plants ha-1 and the treatment with Helafit®-combi and amounted to 4.89 t ha-1. Mid-late lines DK 411 and DK 445 parental components showed the highest yields at densities of 70,000 plants ha-1 and after the treatment with Helafit®-combi which amounted to 4.65 and 6.30 t ha-1, respectively.

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VOZHEHOVA R., MARCHENKO T., LAVRYNENKO Y., PILIARSKA O., ZABARA P., ZAIETS S., TYSHCHENKO A., MISHCHENKO S., KORMOSH S. 2022, PRODUCTIVITY OF LINES – PARENTAL COMPONENTS OF MAIZE HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON PLANT DENSITY AND APPLICATION OF BIOPREPARATIONS UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 695-704.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Cleiton Pereira DE SOUZA, Elena BONCIU

Genome manipulation is one of the emerging fields with impressive implications for genetic modification and biotechnology. Targeted genome editing has the general objective of improving the quality and productivity in agriculture, which includes the creation of plants with improved value in terms of composition and nutritional properties and with characteristics that provide resistance to various biotic and abiotic stressors. On the other hand, the progress and development of biotechnology can be the most viable solution for a modern agriculture, favoring the development of sustainable production methods. In this context, the purpose of the paper was to provide a summary of the achievements of genomics and biotechnology with application in agriculture and especially the role of these modern technologies on food security, in the context of unprecedented population growth and climate change. The used methods included searching of the multiple databases and hand searching of the specialized literature with the latest publications in the field. As results, it can be appreciated that the genomics and biotechnology can be an alternative and sustainable management tools to such important sector like agriculture. Thus, the gene editing can make agricultural systems more efficient being involved in creating resistant crops to disease, pests, drought, or other climate change. Also, the biotechnology strategies lead to obtaining a higher yield, improving the quality and diversification of products, in conditions of reduced use of nitrates and other chemical fertilizers and the rational use of water. The development of genomic and biotechnological technologies is one of the few ways that can bring an extensive wave of innovation and really represents the key to effective solutions for solving of the main current global challenges.

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DE SOUZA C.P., BONCIU E. 2022, PROGRESS IN GENOMICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, THE KEY TO ENSURING FOOD SECURITY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 149-158.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Cezara FETESCU, Eugeniu LITVIN

Lately, the academic world is increasingly concerned with improving the performance of LPA management, which would certainly contribute to improving the quality of life in rural areas. However, in order to improve the quality of an indicator, we first need to know its current level. This article aims to identify and apply in practice a series of qualitative indicators designed to assess the current level of LPA management performance with a view to identifying and aligning internal reserves with rural imperatives. At the same time, the article proposes that this evaluation should be carried out by the final beneficiaries of public services, i.e., directly by the inhabitants of rural localities - this will undoubtedly increase the credibility of the evaluation.

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FETESCU C., LITVIN E. 2022, QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE PERFORMANCE OF LPA MANAGEMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA WITH A VIEW TO BRINGING INTERNAL RESERVES INTO LINE WITH THE IMPERATIVES OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 223-232.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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