ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Alina Laura AGAPIE, Cristian BOSTAN, Nicolae Marinel HORABLAGA, Oana Maria BOLDURA, Adina HORABLAGA, Dorin RECHIȚEAN, Lorena-Diana POPA, Florin SALA

The bread quality of wheat is one of the most important aspects targeted by crop technologies, given the great diversity of foods obtained from this crop and given the fact that bread is one of the main foods in the daily diet of many people. This paper highlights the role of mineral fertilization with nitrogen on the accumulation of gluten proteins. The study was conducted at SCDA Lovrin, in a long-term experiment with fertilizers. The Lab-on-a-Chip (LoaC) technique was used to extract gliadin and glutenin, followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ammonium nitrate was used for fertilization, with the following graduation: N0, N30, N60, N90 and N120. Nitrogen fertilizers significantly influence the quality of wheat crop. Thus, the percentage of protein and wet gluten increase by up to 47% and 70%, respectively. The accumulation of glutenins and glutenins at the level of molecular weight, increases exponentially with the dose of fertilizer administered to the crop, the highest values being registered at doses N90 kg / ha and N120 kg / ha, values statistically assured very significant for the probability of transgression of 0.1%. Also, the gliadin / glutenin ratio, whose value is an indicator for the bread quality of the grains, records the best value (as close as possible to 1) in the variant fertilized with the maximum dose of nitrogen.

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AGAPIE A.L., BOSTAN C., HORABLAGA N.M., BOLDURA O.M., HORABLAGA A., RECHITEAN D., POPA L.D., SALA F. 2022, THE ACCUMULATION OF GLUTEN PROTEINS IN WINTER WHEAT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE USED TECHNOLOGY. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 13-20.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Cornelia ALBOIU

The paper aims to analyze the degree of convergence of the horticultural sector in Romania with other EU member states taking into consideration the competitiveness indicators. In order to be able to establish a causal link between the factors of competitiveness in determining the degree of convergence of the horticultural sector, certain indicators of competitiveness were considered such as the family income of the holding per annul work unit (AWU) and the net added value per unit of annual work. In addition, other indicators were calculated, such as gross value added/AWU and the total value of production. These indicators were calculated based on FADN data, covering the period 2013-2018 including for several other member states of the European Union in order to make comparisons with Romania. The results show a low level of competitiveness compared to all countries analyzed, which indicates that the horticultural sector in Romania is not yet close to achieving the economic convergence with the main EU horticultural sectors of some countries which represent Romania’s competitors in the field.

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ALBOIU C. 2022, THE ANALYSIS OF THE CONVERGENCE OF HORTICULTURAL SECTOR IN ROMANIA AND COMPARISONS WITH OTHER EU COUNTRIES . Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 21-26.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Daniel RĂDUȚOIU

The present paper deals with the results of the research conducted over a long period of time (i.e. about 25 years), on the economic importance of the spontaneous flora in the Oltenia Plain. The study was mainly motivated by the gradual decrease in the number of people who resort to traditional practices and by the widespread use of synthetic products, which have rapid but unhealthy effects. The analysis of the employment of useful species in this part of Oltenia highlights a worrying aspect: the use of spontaneous plants is age-dependant and it declines at younger ages. The medicinal species are still of great importance and they are used in almost all settlements within Oltenia Plain, although their use is more significant in rural areas and less important in urban ones. Unlike the pre-2000 period, when tinctorial species were employed to a greater extent, they are now used only occasionally, by the elderly.

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RADUTOIU D. 2022, THE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE SPONTANEOUS FLORA WITHIN OLTENIA PLAIN, ROMANIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 561-568.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper analyzed the importance of production and import in food availabilities in Romania in the period 2015- 2020,using the data provided by National Institute of Statistics. the following indicators were studied: total consumption, consumption per inhabitant, production, production/consumption rate, import, import/consumption rate, export, trade balance, import/export ratio, food availabilities, production share and import share in food availabilities, self-sufficiency rate. Dynamic analysis, mean, growth rate in 2020 versus 2015, comparisons were the main tools used for data processing. The results showed that consumption increased for fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, and declined for potatoes, cereals, sugar and eggs, as consumers are more oriented to a healthier diet. Production increased for fruits (26.7% ), meat( 3.3%), potatoes (2.8%), but it declined for sugar (-65%), eggs (- 17%), milk (-5%), fish (-5%), and vegetables (-2.7%). In 2020 vs.2015, production covered consumption of cereals, potatoes, fruits, eggs and milk, but not for meat and fish. Imports increased for all the products, the growth rates varying between 136.7% for sugar and 17% for fish and cereals. The coverage rate of consumption by import was 101% for cereals, 97% for sugar, 91% for fish, 64% for fruits, 39% for meat, 38% for fats, 29% for potatoes, 23% for milk, 17% for vegetables and 10% for eggs. Agro-food export increased for all the products, but with a lower rate than import, resulting a negative trade balance, cereals and honey being excepted. Import/export ratio was the smallest for cereals (0.34), but high for the other products (21.5 for potatoes, 13.7 for fish, 12 for fruits, 10.1 for vegetables, 4 for milk, 3.8 for sugar, and 3.6 for meat). Self-sufficiency rate was over 100% for cereals and honey, and below 100% for all the other products, the lowest level being for fish and sugar. The share of import in food availabilities was 91% for fish, 89% for sugar, 39% for meat, 35.9% for fruits, 32.4% for cereals, 30% for fats, 20.7% for vegetables, 18.4% for milk, 17.6% for potatoes, and 8.1 % for eggs. As a conclusion, the high share of imports is a result of the incapacity of agricultural production to cover market needs for all the product categories. Farmers have to increase productivity, product quality, to join in associative forms, and create short supply food chains to sell their products. Imports are justified mainly in cases where production is not sufficient to cover the internal market.

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POPESCU A. 2022, THE IMPORTANCE OF PRODUCTION AND IMPORT FOR ENSURING FOOD AVAILABILITY IN ROMANIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 533-548.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Gabriela PĂUNESCU, Mirela PARASCHIVU, Ramona Aida PĂUNESCU, Cătălin Aurelian ROȘCULETE

During 2021-year, 155 wheat lines in various stages of breeding process were assessed in microcultures for adult plant resistance on the pathogens attack and the relationship with yielding capacity. The wheat lines Ursita and Voinic were considered as control cultivars. The assessment was performed under natural infection conditions, without the application of fungicides. The wheat lines were scored, depending on adequate scales: - Helminthosporium leaf blotch (Helminthosporium tritici repentis) - modified scale 0-9 was used for pathogens that produce leaf spots; - Septoria leaf blotch (Zymosptoria tritici sin. Septoria tritici) - the scale developed by Vrapi et al. (2012) – Septoria glume blotch (Parastagonospora nodorum - syn. Stagonospora nodorum; Septoria nodorum; Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Leptosphaeria nodorum) - the Bronnimann scale was used (1968); - Powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici sin. Erysiphe graminis) - the Saari-Prescot scale was used (1975); Leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f.sp.tritici) - the Cobb's scale modified by Peterson was used (Peterson et al., 1948). For Helminthosporium tritici repentis, the most relevant pathogen, the attack distribution showed that most of the tested material - 32.9% was at note 3 and the lowest - 1.3% at note 6. The correlation between yield and attack of reticular spot of wheat leaves was noticed (r = −0.14), but not significant (the coefficients being below 0.16 - the value from which the correlation could be considered significant at P = 5%). The fact that the other pathogens attacked less in the conditions in which they were present and the distribution of notes for Helminthosporium tritici repentis was mainly between 1-3 notes interval, suggests that the new breeding material showed a good adult plant resistance in natural infections in pedological and climatic conditions from Caracal Research Station.

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PAUNESCU G., PARASCHIVU M., PAUNESCU R.A., ROSCULETE C.A. 2022, THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YIELD AND PATHOGENS ATTACK ON THE ADVANCED BREEDING WINTER WHEAT LINES ASSESSED FOR ADULT PLANT RESISTANCE. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 493-502.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Gulay OZKAN, Ismail Bulent GURBUZ

This study aims to evaluate the cooperative-partner relations in Agricultural Development Cooperatives (ADC) in Bursa/Turkey and identify the factors affecting this relationship. There are 313 active ADC in the province of Bursa, with 33,334 partners in total. Primary data was collected by survey. A face-to-face survey was conducted with 408 people determined by simple random sampling method. The data are analysed with SPSS 24 program, and cross-tables are created. 69.1% of the respondents have read the Articles of Association. While 28.4% of their partners are involved in the Board of Directors.,77% have joined the General Assembly. Only 33.1% of the partners had other cooperative partnerships. Although fewer than one-third of the partners have reported increased (27.7%) income, 94.6% reported that they would continue their partnership. The most common activity made by cooperative was the supply of credit with 32%. The educational activities are ranked second (23%). Partners participated in 74.3% of the given education. 78% found the training useful. The research has shown that 46% of the partners did not know what risturn is.

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OZKAN G., GURBUZ I.B. 2022, THE STUDY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND COOPERATIVE-PARTNER RELATIONS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATIVES. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 457-468.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Adelaida Cristina HONTUS, Mirela STANCIU

The paper analyzed the dynamics of tourist arrivals and overnight stays in Romania during the COVID-19 pandemic versus 2019 and expectations in 2022. The methodology includes dynamics and structural indices and regression equations. Of the highest performance achieved in 2019, tourist demand declined to 48% in 2020 and 65% arrivals in 2021, and to 64% and 67% overnight stays. Hotels accounted for 64-67% in total arrivals and 45- 64% in stays. The Romanians' share during the pandemic was 92.9% in 2020 and 85.2% in 2021. In hotels, their weight 69%. The polynomial equations showed a parabolic trend of arrivals and stays by month. Thus, 2021 was a better year than 2020 and in 2022 it is expected that arrivals to represent 85% of the 2019 level. In 2022, 941 new 5 stars hotels will be built to assure more comfort and accommodation capacity. Hotel managers have to use creative and efficient methods to attract more tourists. Offer diversification, customized packages, bonuses, price flexibility, high quality services, an intensified virtual promotion (web-site, social media) could attract more visitors and improve hotels performance.

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POPESCU A., HONTUS A.C., STANCIU M. 2022, TOURIST ARRIVALS AND OVERNIGHT STAYS IN HOTELS IN ROMANIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC VERSUS 2019 AND FUTURE TRENDS IN 2022. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 549-560.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Lorena CHIȚEA

The main purpose of this paper is to create a typology of the Romanian rural area according to the socio-economic modernization-development perspectives. The starting point consisted in the development of three indices to measure the analysed processes, namely the rural modernization index, the rural development index and the rural household modernization index. To create the typology, the author proposed a method that takes into consideration both the value of indices and the trend of these indices in the period 2007-2018. From the resulting typology, a general trend was noticed, namely that the Romanian rural area has a different behaviour depending on the proximity of large urban centers (see the counties Timiș, Ilfov, Cluj, Sibiu, Constanța, Brașov), the rural households in the proximity of cities have easier access to utilities and more attractive jobs, the population is younger and more educated.

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CHITEA L. 2022, TYPOLOGY OF THE ROMANIAN RURAL AREA BASED ON THE MODERNIZATION AND RURAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 99-106.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Radu Andrei IOVA, Daniela CREȚU, Oana Roberta CREȚU, Cecilia Violeta NEAGU

In the context of the accentuation of the urbanization process, the towns become the main source of territorial development. At the same time, however, they face major challenges regarding sustainability, climate change, social cohesion, environment or mobility. In the perspective of 2030, Călărași municipality will be the economic center of interest of South-Muntenia region, through the superior capitalization of the existing resources: the geo-strategic positioning, the natural and anthropic patrimony and the human resource. Based on these considerations, we set out to highlight the tourist potential of Călăraşi municipality in order to identify the types of tourism that can be practiced in the town and its surroundings. The indicators of the tourist infrastructure, respectively, tourist accommodation units, accommodation capacity, analysis of the main tourist traffic - arrivals, overnight stays, average length of stay were structurally determined and analyzed for 2007-2019, after Romania accession to the European Union and before the health crisis Covid-19. The favourable geographical location of the municipality gives it various advantages as regards economy, tourism, and landscape. The proximity to the Danube River, which is a real development potential for leisure, fishing, business or scientific tourism, to which is added the cultural, ecumenical and hunting tourism. The attractiveness of this Danube town can be increased by better capitalizing on the elements of built and natural heritage that complement the urban landscape and neighbourhoods and which can lead to increase the stay of tourists, with economic and social implications.

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IOVA R.A., CRETU D., CRETU O.R., NEAGU C.V. 2022, URBAN TOURISM - COMPONENT OF THE INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF TOWNS. CASE STUDY, CĂLĂRAŞI MUNICIPALITY, ROMANIA. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 265-272.

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1
Written by Cleiton Pereira DE SOUZA, Elena BONCIU

Genetic markers represent different forms of the same gene that control mutant phenotypic expression and allow individual quantification of genes. One of the basic criteria in the molecular markers usage is the molecular polymorphic capacity of plant genetic material. This paper aimed to distinguish and generalize some of the relevant results regarding the applications of different molecular markers in plants bioengineering. Thus, the paper describes the main categories of markers used in plant bioengineering, with topical examples of their utility in modern plant breeding programs. The used methods included searching of the various databases (Web of Science, Google Scholar, The Food and Agriculture Organization, The International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications) and identification some relevant results. From this point of view, the results indicate the immense opportunity of molecular markers in the individual study of plants, without conditioning the stage of their development. Some of the practical applications of molecular markers in plant genetic programming relate to the investigation of the diversity of genetic material; precise location of genes; germplasm certification, etc. Molecular markers applications generate an explosive growth of vital information for genetic research, the natural consequence being the rapid advancement of basic and applied knowledge. However, correct and objective information to the general public is an important step in making it easier to accept innovations in plant bioengineering and enables progress in agriculture.

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DE SOUZA C.P., BONCIU E. 2022, USE OF MOLECULAR MARKERS IN PLANT BIOENGINEERING. Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 22 ISSUE 1, PRINT ISSN 2284-7995, 159-166.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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