ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU

The paper analyzed the status of Sorghum cultivated area, production and yield at the EU-28 level and in each producing country in the period 2008-2019, and then the forecast for these indicators was estimated for the horizon 2020-2024. Fixed index, trend line, descriptive statistics and regression modeling were used to process the data. The cultivated surface with sorghum in the EU reached 197 thousand ha in 2019, being almost double than on 2008. The cultivated area with Sorghum increased in all sorghum producing countries: France, Italy, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Austria and Greece, except Spain and Slovakia were it remained constant. The largest cropped areas are in France, Italy and Romania, accounting for 76%. Sorghum output doubled its figure and in 2019 reached 1,019 thousand tons. About 91% of production being achieved by France (431), Italy (312), Hungary (117) and Romania (68). The EU yield was 5,179 kg/ha, but higher yields were recorded by Austria, Italy and France. In 2024, it is estimated that the EU will produce 1,045 thousand tons sorghum. Production will increase in Italy, Austria, Bulgaria, Romania and Greece, will decline in France and Hungary and will remain constant in Spain and Slovakia. The EU will continue to pay attention to this crop as a response to climate change. The main purposes of sorghum being animal feed, biomass for bio-fuels, raw material in food industry, component in crop rotation, maintenance of biodiversity and environment preservation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Adina Magdalena IORGA , Paula STOICEA, Carina DOBRE

The paper aims to analyze the regional level trends of the rural population, in the period 2010-2018. We used the following demographic indicators: rural population, rural internal migration, natural population growth in rural areas, rural female population, rural female fertile contingent, rural elderly population, rural young female population and labor force indicators: female labor renewal in rural areas, rural employed population, rural employment rate, unemployment in rural areas, rural unemployment rate, rural employed population by activity sectors. If in the period 2005-2010 there are trends of deruralization, starting with 2010 a reversal of trend is identified: in all development regions we identify a sharp increase in the percentage of rural population. The accentuated increase of rurality is mainly due to the internal migration of the population, with a positive balance in the rural environment. On the other hand, the analysis of the data regarding the fertile female quota shows that the share of the fertile female population decreased in all development regions, hence the negative values of the natural population growth, all in the context of the constant accentuated increase of the elderly population. From the perspective of the structure by sectors of activity of the employed population, the following are highlighted: predominantly agrarian areas: North-East Region, South-West Oltenia Region and South-East Region - areas dominated by industry and constructions, Central Region and West Region, areas dominated by services Bucharest-Ilfov Region.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Mehmet Arif ŞAHİNLİ, Ahmet ÖZÇELİK

The main purpose of this paper is to ascertain changes in the performance of the Mohair (Ankara) goats farming system during the 2017-2018 production periods. In this study, we examined both production and technical efficiency of goat's farms in Ankara. The study adopted the stochastic frontier production function to estimate technical efficiency of the mohair goat establishments in the study area. The model utilized data from 45 Turkish mohair goat farmers. At the same time, technical inefficiency effect model also was calculated by the same method. The Cobb-Douglas production function was ascertained as a best fitted model. In addition, the technical inefficiency effects contained random element. The empirical results revealed statistically insignificant individual effects of some of the variables. However, all of the joint effects of these four explanatory variables on the levels of technical inefficiencies were statistically significant in the mohair goat farming system of Ankara in Turkey.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Anatolii KUCHER

The aim of this paper is to justify the strategic priorities of financial provisions for sustainable soil management in agriculture of Ukraine. In conditions of limited financial resources, there is a need to identify the top priorities of sustainable soil management. The study found that the most important priority of financial support for sustainable soil management is to suspend the decrease of the content of humus and achieve its deficit-free balance (global priority – 0.556); the second position is occupied by the protection of soils from erosion (priority – 0.274); third place – enrichment of soils with nutrients substances (priority – 0.101); fourth place – amelioration of acid and solonets soils (priority – 0.069). In the context of identification of priorities of financial support for practical implementation of the proposed conception of sustainable soil management this paper also addresses the empirical expert evaluation of the relative importance (significance) of the principles of sustainable soil management, as well as the level of adherence (compliance) of these principles in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. The obtained results demonstrate the state of compliance with the principles of sustainable soil management in agricultural enterprises, the availability of opportunities and reserves for improving the situation for their implementation, and as well due to which this should be carried out. Thus, 77.8 % of the principles were implemented at a low level, the rest (22.2 %) – at a very low level, so there are significant reserves to improve the situation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Veronica PRISACARU, Tatiana SEVCIUC, Grigore BALTAG

The main purpose of this paper was to use the analysis of the animal husbandry sector of the Republic of Moldova as a tool for predicting skills to be improved in related professional education programs. In order to achieve the proposed goal, the general trends in the evolution of the sector in the Republic of Moldova were evaluated; these trends were compared to those of the European Union level. The general problems of the sector were identified and, on this basis, the skills to be improved were deduced within the professional education programs of agricultural profile. The research resulted in the recommendations to improve skills in related professional education programs so as to create prerequisites for a higher quality educational service and, respectively, to optimize the contribution of professional education in increasing the performance of the animal husbandry sector.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Luxita Georgiana STAIC, Marius VLADU

This article aims to analyze the evolution of the LEADER approach from the pilot project stage to the present. The article aims to the stages of the LEADER approach and their particularities from the timid beginnings of LEADER in Europe and emphasize the relevant aspects of this innovative approach: principles, eligible territory, added value. LEADER has emerged as a necessity of rural development policies regarding the objective of their interventions, interventions aimed at revitalizing rural areas and creating jobs. It follows the evolution of the relevant indicators of the LEADER approach in Europe and in Romania such: covered territorial area, allocated amounts. Also, some data are presented to highlight the LEADER financial allocation compared to the rest of the EAFRD budget allocated to that country. For the first stage LEADER the financial allocation was 442 million euros distributed to a number of 217 local action groups, the success of LEADER being proved over time by the increasing financial allocation, the covered area and the number of local action groups, respectively: 9,400 million euros and 2,784 LAGs in Europe in 2014 – 2020. In Romania, there are 239 LAGs that have financial allocation of 563.50 million euros and an eligible territory of 228,754 km2.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Daniel Valeriu ULIU, Liviu OLARU, Marius VLADU2

Through the National Rural Development Program (NRDP), applicants have the opportunity to create or develop a business, with public support of up to 100% of the project value, depending on the type of investment and beneficiary. The projects submitted online on the Agency for Financing Rural Investments (AFRI) website will be selected based on the “Regulation on the organization and functioning (ROF) of the process of selection and verification of appeals for projects related to the measures of the National Rural Development Program (NRDP) 2014–2020. The application for funding will be declared eligible without funding, ineligible or withdrawn by the beneficiary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the situation of submitted and unfunded projects through sub-measure 4.2 of NRDP 2014-2020, in the analysis period 2015-2019, in the field of meat processing. An analysis will be made from the point of view of the number of unfunded projects, their eligible value and their public value, and in order to have an overview, the connection between the consulting companies and the number of unfunded projects in this field will be obvious. In the period 2015-2019, 96 projects in the field of meat processing were submitted and unfunded, in which 73 were eligible without funding, 15 ineligible and 8 withdrawn projects, with a total eligible value of 76,060,938 euros (public value 40,558,548). From the correlations between the number of consulting firms and the number of unfunded projects, it results that the projects were submitted randomly, independently of the consulting firms from each county of the respective regions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Mariana DUMITRU

In a modern agricultural farm, efficient management of power used in the farm is fully as important as efficient management of machinery. This paper studied the importance of using one or other type of fuels in the final result, which is the efficiency of the engine used by a tractor or other machinery used in the farm. The fuels considered are diesel oil, hydrogen, liquified petroleum gas, premium gasoline, propane, methanol and ethanol. The manager decision of using one or another fuel is based on each fuel energy value, combustion characteristics and economy. The farm manager also must consider the adjustments that must be made to tractor engine if using one or another fuel.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Andreea Lidia JURJESCU, Anca NAN, Teodor MATEOC, Cristina BACĂU, Nicoleta MATEOC –SÎRB

Romanian land resources are immense, but certain land-ownership laws have caused a fragmentation of agricultural areas. Romania suffers from fragmentation of agricultural properties. Compared to other Member States of the European Union, Romania has an average farm size similar to that of Malta or Cyprus, island countries with much less agricultural land than Romania. Almost 75% of farms in Romania have less than 20 ha, and the share of farms under 10 ha represents about 98% of the total number and 38% of the total agricultural area used. In this paper, the authors analyse the situation of cultivated areas and productions in the main crops in Romania under the current conditions. Romania is one of the European countries with the most favourable soil and climate conditions for agriculture. Romania’s natural conditions indicate that more than 60% of the total area of our country can be used for agriculture. The role of agriculture is an extremely important one for today’s society because it can provide the necessary production of food for the population, raw materials for different industries, as well as production for export. Agriculture is one of the sectors where the Member States of the European Union have agreed to share both public funding and responsibilities. Studies carried out for this paper show that Romania is one of the main agricultural producers at European level and that it ranks among the countries of the European Union in terms of the area under cultivation and production of the main agricultural crops. The authors of the paper conclude that Romania is also one of the top ten exporters of wheat and maize in the world. Analyses show that agriculture is one of the few branches of the economy that have ranked Romania in the European top of the first places in the production of cereals and oilseeds obtained each year.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Liviu MARCUTA, Alina MARCUTA, Agatha POPESCU, Cristina TINDECHE, Valentina TUDOR, Dragos SMEDESCU

Today the world faces a lot of problems: an unstable economy that leads to joblessness, population growth, but also to a poor population in some areas of the world, environmental degradation, political instability, etc. All these problems could be alleviated in some countries, and they could be further alleviated through the income generated by tourism development. One form of tourism that does not necessarily require high investments is adventure tourism, which must be practiced responsibly precisely because it is close to nature and because we do not want to destroy this nature that is already in imbalance. This requires responsible behavior and government policies that ensure sustainable tourism. In this paper we intend to analyze the place that adventure tourism occupies among developed countries and developing countries starting from the existing data for the period 2010-2018. We will analyze how this ranking has changed over time, but also the ways in which Romania could develop adventure tourism. The working methodology involved the revision of the specialized literature on the definition of adventure tourism and the way of calculating the Adventure Tourism Development Index, the collection of data from various international databases, their processing, so that based on the analysis we could draw conclusions regarding the development stage of adventure tourism in Romania and its development prospects.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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