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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Saeid HAJIHASSANIASL

The agricultural sector, especially in developing countries, is defined as one of the most important sectors in terms of wealth and market creation, foreign exchange return and economic growth, In this study, technical efficiency and technology gap ratios in the agricultural sectors of developing countries are discussed in four different income groups for 2017 in order to see the effect of country income on sector performance. In the study, input-oriented model is estimated with the assumption of variable return to scale using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with one output and three input variables. According to the results, while the production gap was 4% in high-income countries, this gap was 86.1% in low-income countries, and therefore, it was revealed that the per capita income of countries affected the technological gap ratios and technology that they use in the agricultural sector.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Mariana CARAMAN, Larisa CREMENEAC, Roman MOSCALIC

The paper presents the results of research on the impact of organic fertilizers, obtained from poultry manure with and without pro prebiotic PoultryStarRmeEU, on the microbiological and biochemical quality of soil and corn productivity. For this purpose, initially, an experiment was organized in the practical conditions of the individual poultry enterprise "GT Nicolaescu V." from village Fagureni, district Straseni, in which material for the study was used the probiotic PoultryStarRmeEU, and the object of research were broiler chickens ROSS 308. Subsequently, the manure obtained was subjected to traditional composting, and after 9 months, it was were injected into the soil. As a result of research, it was found that organic fertilizers have improved the microbiological and biochemical quality of the soil by increasing 10 times the amount of beneficial microorganisms, the content of organic matter - by 48.02% - 114.81% and humus - by 15.14% - 10.56%, thus stimulating the physiological development (height) of the plants by 7.69% - 10.53% and increasing the corn grain harvest by 5.98% and by 17.45% the amount of straw (organic matter) compared to the control group.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Aurelia LITVIN, Dumitru TRACI

The paper studied the impact of the evolution of macroeconomic indicators on the sustainable development of enterprises from Republic of Moldova. The article discusses factors, conditions, indicators and features of the development process. At the same time, structural changes and features of socio-economic development at the level of macroeconomic indicators and sectors of the national economic system were analyzed and highlighted. The research in question has demonstrated the dependence of sustainable development on the evolution of macroeconomic indicators. The paper used a quantitative and qualitative analysis using the correlation coefficient to assess the impact on sustainable development of enterprises in the Republic of Moldova, and especially those in the Transnistrian region. The data on the evolution of macroeconomic indicators are from the database of the national statistical office of the Republic of Moldova and the Transnistrian region.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Iuliana ANTONIE

The melliferous potential consists in the capacity of a certain areal to provide food (nectar, pollen, manna) for the bee’s families to ob the beekeeping products. The knowledge of this resource is important in the beekeeping practice, being the success key to obtain a rich production of quality. The purpose of the study is the identification of the flora with a melliferous potential in Gura Râului countrysideSibiu county). To achieve the purpose, it was important to analyze the specialized literature, the direct field research, the examination,taking photos, collecting botanical material and its identification in the laboratory. The study is finalized by drawing up a list with 47species with a melliferous potential that belong to 22 botanical families.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Elena DERUNOVA, Natal’ya KIREEVA, Olesya PRUSCHAK

With regard to the agri-food system, the theoretical and methodological basis for the study of inclusive development has been substantiated. The study reveals the concept of inclusive development of the agri-food system, substantiates criteria and indicators, and proposes assessment methods. New risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed in the development of the agro-food system, which has aggravated the existing systemic problems and negatively affected the quality of life of Russians. A comparative analysis of the quality of inclusive development of the agri-food systems of the Saratov region and Russia in the context of the main blocks: growth and development, the fairness of distribution of public goods between all strata and groups of the population, the involvement of all forms of management, food security, environmental sustainability. An integral indicator of the level and quality of inclusive development of the agri-food system of Russia and the Saratov region was calculated. Measures are formulated to facilitate the transition of the agri-food system to an inclusive development model and overcome negative trends in the post-pandemic economy.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Mirela CĂRĂTUȘ STANCIU

The paper presents the main features of agriculture and rural development in the Central Region. The Central Region consisting of 6 counties covers 14.3% of the country's territory. Mureș and Covasna counties have the largest share of rural space (over 87%). The agricultural area of the region (1,900.4 thousand ha) represents 13% of the existing area at national level. It has the following categories of use: arable 40%, pastures 34%, hayfields 25.3%, vineyards 0.5%, orchards 0.5%. In the Central Region there are approx. 394 thousand agricultural holdings. In 2018, the 56 thousand sheep farms in the region, owned 22.76% of the existing sheep farms nationwide. The 72 thousand cattle farms in the region owned 17.48% of the national cattle herd. Agriculture in the Central Region has an important and diversified natural potential. The share of the rural population in the region is 42.4%. The share of the population employed in agriculture and forestry in 2018 was 16.8% of the regional labor force. As at national level, the population employed in agriculture is aging and has a low level of education (96.4% of people in agriculture have only practical experience). Mureș County has the largest share in the value of regional agricultural production (24.2%). In 2019, four food products made in the Central Region out of the seven existing at national level were registered on the European quality schemes (PGI and PDO). The agri-food sector in the region is boosted by professional training courses for farmers, IT platforms that connect small farmers and buyers, the organization of fairs, exhibitions, culinary and agricultural festivals.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Kamen PETROV

This article is dedicated to the problems of rural areas in Bulgaria. The article focuses on municipalities that need to implement regional policies in rural areas. Reducing the rural population is a serious challenge to the potential of the rural labor force. Labor supply restrictions apply to municipalities with an unfavorable demographic structure and a growing population over working age. Social problems are related to the aging population and vulnerable social groups. In order to identify groups of problems close to other countries in Southeast Europe, we need to take a closer look at rural development in Bulgaria.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Teodora STOEVA, Violeta DIRIMANOVA

The impact of the institutional changes on the land relations in Bulgaria over the last 30 years is in response to the number of processes and changes that have taken place before and after the accession of the country to the European Union. The Ownership and Use of Agricultural Land Act, logically, has undergone the most changes (more than 70 changes by 2020). This dynamic of the Ownership and Use of Agricultural Land Act reveals the existence of real issues in the socio-economic system of agriculture and the need to solve them. The existence of favourable soil and climatic conditions, long-standing traditions, rich practical experience, availability and development of new technological solutions and market-oriented innovations, use of modern varieties with improved biological potential, as well as the changes in the Land Act, clarifying the use of agricultural land, outline the future trends for the development of vegetable production in Bulgaria related to the harmonization of the institutional framework in compliance with the requirements of the EU – regulatory framework, strategies and programmes related to land market regulation. The purpose of this article is to analyse the changes in the new Agricultural Land Act, by assessing their impact on the status and dynamic of the vegetable sector, which is one of the most vulnerable sectors in the agricultural industry, as well as the complex processes of fragmentation of agricultural land in Bulgaria. The methodical framework of the study provides a summary overview of the main changes in the new Agricultural Land Act, as well as the degree of fragmentation of the land, which has a direct connection to the position of both parties in negotiation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Adewale Isaac OLUTUMISE

The study assessed the nexus between the transportation system and output market participation among yam producers in Southwest region of Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 180 respondents for the study. Multinomial logit (MNL), Market Participation Index (MPI) and Double-hurdle Regression model were employed for the analysis of data. The MPI result showed that about 87% of the respondents participated in yam market in the area. The most commonly subscribed modes of transportation were pick-up van (55%), motor cycle (26%) and head porterage (7%). The results of the MNL showed that farming experience, extension services, distance, household size and market participation were the factors influencing the preference for the mode of transportation used by the farmers. Again, the results from the double-hurdle regression identified membership of cooperative society, farming experience, access to market information and mode of transportation as the factors that determine the decision to participate and the rate of participating in yam market. Therefore, the study concludes that there is a synergy between transportation system and output market participation which has significant impact on the production and availability of food (yam) in the market.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Deniz SARICA, Lionel HUBBARD, Philip DAWSON

This paper adopts panel cointegration methods to estimate a gravity model of Turkish agricultural exports to 30 Euro-Mediterranean countries. Results show the conventional variables of economic size and distance to importing markets along with relative factor endowments are significant determinants of agricultural exports. Conversely, similarity of economic size, bilateral free trade agreements with Euro-Mediterranean countries, religious commonality, and the expatriate Turkish population in importing countries are found to be insignificant. Whilst a focus on exporting to large and near neighbouring countries is sensible, Turkey also needs to pay careful attention to the competing demands on its agricultural land from urbanisation and tourism. We speculate that recent changes in Turkey’s domestic agricultural policy may impact adversely on exports.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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