ISSN 2284-7995, ISSN Online 2285-3952
 

Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Elena Alexandrovna ALESHINA, Anna Alexandrovna LEKSINA

The promotion of a healthy lifestyle and objective necessity stimulate a significant growth in demand for organic products around the world. Despite the relevance, demand, and a large number of theoretical and applied research, the opportunities and resource potential of the Russian Federation in this area of agribusiness have not yet been fully identified. As part of our research, was formed interdisciplinary fundamental platform for developing the theory of organic food market. As a result, we determined the elements of scientific methodology (theories, principles, factors, methods) of its functioning, which allowed justifying the potential capacity of the consumer market of organic food in Russia. The calculation was made taking into account dietary intake of food that meet the present-day requirements of healthy nutrition, heterogeneity of consumer preferences, price gap for the staple conventional and organic products in retail and price variance for the latter. Our research is addressed to the world business community operating in the organic food market and industry research institutions.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Rositsa BELUHOVA-UZUNOVA, Dobri DUNCHEV

The industrialization and mechanization of the agriculture in the 20th century led to an increase in productivity and efficiency and development of large-scale farms. The environmental concerns and resource scarcity transform the models of agricultural production. The implementation of new technologies and digitalization led to evolution of precision farming. The aim of the study is to analyse the economic efficiency of precision technologies in soft fruit production and discuss the possibility of their implementation. The survey focuses on case studies analysis and presents the economic benefits of precision technologies. Opportunities for adoption of innovation in Bulgaria are also outlined. The methodological framework is based on the “Case study” approach. The survey shows positive economic effect of precision technologies on agriculture. On the other hand, the analysis indicated that there are significant differences in total costs and especially in the investment costs. This in many cases this is the main reason related to the limited implementation of innovations by farmers. The application of precision technologies is concentrated mainly in extensive production with larger holdings. It is necessary to encourage their application in high value-added sectors and benefit from the EU funds in the field of innovation.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Yuri PREOBRAZHENSKIY, Anna FIRSOVA

The paper studied the issues of the balanced spatial development of agro innovation systems of Russian regions using the main indicators of agricultural innovation for 2015-2019: innovative products in crop and livestock production, agricultural machinery, as well as graduates of agricultural universities and employed in the agricultural sector. The degree of concentration of these indicators was determined using the Herfindahl-Hirschman index for the regions of Russia. The results reveal a high of concentration of costs of technological innovations in the agro production, when from 50% to 90% of the costs of the technological innovation in the crop and livestock sectors are concentrated in only 2-3 Russian regions, as well as the absence of dependence on the production of innovative agricultural products on the degree of concentration of indicators and a balanced ratio in the labor market of agricultural specialists in the regions of Russia. To ensure progressive structural changes and enhance innovative activity in regional AIS and increase the efficiency of agriculture, measures are proposed to enhance the balance of AIS components and spillover effects of innovations, resulting in an increase in the efficiency of agro innovation systems functioning.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Olubunmi Olanike ALAWODE, Stephen Olubusoye AJAGBE

Challenges, risks and constraints are intrinsic part of any business; fish farming is not an exception. These limit the potential and expected profit of the business. This study analysed the profitability and the challenges limiting the profitability of catfish production in Southwest Nigeria. A 2-stage random sampling procedure was used to select 400 catfish farmers in four randomly selected states in Southwest Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was designed to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Gross margin analysis, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Expense Structure Ratio (ESR) were used to analyse data. The results show that on the average, size of catfish at harvest was 1.02Kg, production period was 4.37 months, market price was ₦645.45 and the breakeven price was ₦474.43. Also, the total revenue was ₦1,269,961.60, total cost was ₦933,467.98, profit was ₦336,493.62, BCR was 1.36 and ESR was 0.05. Although catfish farming is profitable in Southwest Nigeria, five categories of challenges limiting the profitability of catfish production were identified; profitability, weather, fish diseases and predators, security, and fish marketing challenges. Lack of technical know-how on the part of fish farmers contribute to the severity of business risks and challenges. These challenges have to be thoroughly analysed and adequate plans have to be made to reduce or eliminate their effects on the expected profit and success of the business. Fish farmers should prepare their business plans, analyze the market and evaluate their strengths and opportunities to minimize or eliminate the weaknesses and threats against the success and profitability in catfish business.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Jamiu Ayomide HUSSAYN, Dominic Midawa GULAK

Achieving a resilient food system through the Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) greatly depends on how informed farmers and subscribers are to the benefits associated with it. The study examined the role of Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) on organic farmers. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 130 respondents; data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire and analysed through the use of descriptive statistics. The results of the socio-economic characteristics revealed that majority of the respondents are male, middle-aged, married and had tertiary education. The result also characterizes respondents as organic-based crop farmers, fewer adopters of community supported agriculture and inadequate access to extension agents. Also, “increasing food security for the population” was perceived as the most (Mean=4.56) important about community supported agriculture and “effecting change through awareness-raising and encouraging sustainable behaviour" was perceived as the greatest (Mean=4.39) effect of community supported agriculture. The study concludes that community supported agriculture helps consumers, producers, and the environment build connections together through a local food network. The study recommends the need for policy and popularization that would encourage community supported agriculture. Also, extension agents and other relevant stakeholders need to be supported and strengthened in order to disseminate agricultural innovations to farmers in rural communities.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Umair TALIB, Robert AGUNGA, Han HONGYUN

Pakistan is blessed with different seasons making it favorable for production of variety of crops, fruits and vegetables. Globally, it has a considerable share in crop production especially in quality rice and cotton production. It has been many years that country is experiencing decline in rice and cotton production due to natural and farmers associated factors. Therefore, the present study has been designed to identify damages caused by environmental degradation and what strategies have been used by farmers to cope these damages. Two well known districts having maximum rice and cotton growers were selected as a study population. The respondents of the research were limited to 120 (60 from each district) due to unavailability of sufficient funds. Interview and Focus Group Discussion were used for data collection from the selected respondents. The collected data were then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings indicate that majority of the farmers were lacking information in appropriate seed selection followed by maintenance of plant populations of selected crops. Meanwhile, a positive relationship was found among farming experience and annual income of the respondents.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Cristina STERIE, Eduard Alexandru DUMITRU

Rural space is an important social component for each country. Phenomena such as ageing population and migration of young people to large urban centres or outside Romania's borders have led to the depopulation of these areas. This paper is identify from the point of view of legislation, how to classify holdings according to agricultural activity, but how they are classified according to economic size. The aim of the work is to identify the evolution of the number of holdings influenced by various factors, but also to determine the position that Romania must have with regard to agricultural holdings in relation to other countries of the European Union. The quantitative and qualitative method of data analysis was used in this paper. Also, the analyzed data show that the methods of subsidizing and financing agricultural holdings have contributed to the decrease in the total number of agricultural holdings (mergers) in Romania.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Mirela CĂRĂTUȘ STANCIU

The paper is based on the study of various reports and different type of articles regarding the EU sheep meat production and sheep meat’s quality. In order to determine the Romanian consumers' perception regarding the quality of sheep meat, a questionnaire was prepared which was completed during April-June 2020 by 118 students from Sibiu and Bucharest. Sheep meat is consumed throughout the year in the families of the young people investigated (27.9). It is purchased mainly fresh (85.6%) and comes from their own farm or from other farmers (77.2%).The most well-known and consumed sheep meat preparations are lamb steak (75.4%) and pastrami (67.8). Sheep is cooked at home, in the family (85%). The young generation believes that the most effective way to promote the consumption of sheep meat is the advertising made from person to person..The data on the composition of sheep meat are generally known. The biggest influence on the consumption of sheep meat had on the respondents their family (74.6%). Promoting the consumption of sheep meat among young people contributes to the development of the sheep sector in particular and to sustainable rural development in general.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Andrea FEHER, Sorin STANCIU, Gabriela POPESCU, Tabita ADAMOV

The reason of this study stems from the need to know how to shape the future common agricultural policy to be valid for the next seven years, between 2021 and 2027. The article examines the reform package of post-2020 Common Agricultural Policy, the proposed objectives, the directions of action, the financial support for the two pillars (agriculture and rural development), and the payment schemes that Member States will be able to implement starting with 2021. A comparative situation is also presented to EU Member States regarding the level of direct payments related to one hectare of utilized agricultural area during three financial years, the present one, the past and the future one, in order to draw conclusions regarding the level of support and its possible effects. The primary data used in the elaboration of this paper were taken from national and international statistics, communications of European Union Council, releases of the European Commission and the ministries of resort, various national and international publications in the field, on the basis of which the authors formulated conclusions and recommendations in the field. The main conclusions of the study relate to the need to simplify the CAP, to make it more efficient and to achieve convergence between Member States, so that the distribution of payments is made fairly without further distorting the market for agricultural products with public money.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Alina MARCUTA, Liviu MARCUTA, Cristina TINDECHE, Adelaida HONTUS, Daniela PLESOIANU

The purpose of the paper was the analysis of the tourism dynamics in Romania's seaside resorts in the period 2010-2019 in order to identify the main trends and characteristics of tourism in this destination. Based on fixed indices and regression models, the results proved that the seaside resorts are high attraction destinations for spending holidays especially in the summer season and also in extra-season. In 2019, tourist arrivals reached 1,153.7 thousands and the overnight stays accounted for 4,658 thousands, being higher than in 2010 by +64.2%, and, respectively, by +58.75%. The use rate of accommodation units in the seaside resorts increased from 33.8% in 2010 to 51.01% in 2019 being much higher than at the national level. More than 97% tourists on the seashore are Romanians. A number of 816.6 thousands tourists, meaning 10 times more than in 2010, took part to one-day trips organized in the proximity of the seaside by the local travel agencies. Even in the pandemic of covid-19, the Romanian seaside resorts were among the most preferred destinations. The main characteristics of Romania's seaside tourism are: the higher attraction for Romanian tourists than for foreigners, the seasonality and also extra-seasonality of offer and demand, the disruption between the decline of the accommodation capacity (units and places) and the increased number of tourists, the large variety of tourism forms for spending time in an active (heliomarine cure, balneary procedures, nautical sports, fishing, entertainment, gastronomic, wine tasting, cultural-historical etc). The seaside resorts have to continue their efforts to offer a modern and comfortable infrastructure, a large range of opportunities for spending vacations and safe stays in order to increase the number of tourists and incomes.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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