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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Elena TIMOFTI, Veronica MOVILEANU, Aliona ȘARGO

In this paper, the authors revealed the concepts of development and economic growth, economic sustainability and quality of life. The authors determined and analyzed in dynamics the period 2010-2018, the trend of changing indicators, development and economic growth at the macroeconomic level such as: the value of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), GDP per capita, and the dynamics of the average monthly nominal salary of an employee per economy, disposable incomes per person, their structure and socio-economic indicators that characterize the quality level of the age of the population in the Republic of Moldova. Although there are modest increases in the number of nominated indicators, the authors consider that there are still a number of issues that need to be addressed, solved and complied with EU and other international standards. The research contains data that will surely be of interest to those concerned with the quality of life of the population. In essence, research in the field of quality of life aims at creating a complex image of quality of life, by analyzing different components of population’s life. The following research procedures and methods have been applied in the research process: observation method, comparison, graphical method, table method, chronological series method, etc.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Jamiu Ayomide HUSSAYN, Dominic Midawa GULAK, Kazeem Oriyomi ABOABA, Oluwadayo Olusola KESHINRO

Transforming the subsistence-oriented cassava production system into a market-oriented production system as a way of increasing the smallholder farmers' income, reducing poverty and thus increasing their welfare has been a policy focus in Nigeria. The study examined the effects of agricultural commercialization on poverty status of smallholder cassava farming households. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 189 households; data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire and analysed with the use of household commercialization index, FGT index, ordered probit model and logistic regression model. The result of household commercialization index revealed that larger proportion of the farmers commercialize at a high level. Level of education, farming experience, farm income, quantity of cassava produced and extension visits influenced commercialization. The results further showed that 37.28% of smallholder cassava farming household were poor. Sex, level of education, farming experience, quantity of cassava produced, farm income, level of commercialization and extension visit significantly influenced poverty status. The study concludes that most cassava farmers have a high level of commercialization which has a positive influence on the farmers’ welfare. The study recommends farmers’ education, effective policy intervention and programmes on commercialization and access to credit to improve farmers welfare.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Hunor VASS, Teodor MATEOC, Tabita ADAMOV, Dora ORBOI, Nicoleta MATEOC-SÎRB

The preliminary determination of the article is to investigate the effects of pollution and climate change. In this regard, the authors want to highlight that this real and critical issue must take seriously because each of us contributes to pollution and climate change, which is very real, and which will be aggravated by not taking action. Global warming currently involves two major problems for humanity: on the one hand, the need to dramatically diminish greenhouse gas emissions to stabilize the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere to prevent anthropogenic influence on the climate system and enable ecosystems, contrastingly the need to accommodate to the consequence of climate change, given that these effects are already visible and inevitable due to the activity of the climate system, regardless of the outcome of emission reduction actions. The main problem with pollution is air quality, which has fallen considerably, especially in urban areas. The" World Health Organization" approximates, more than seven million people die each year from air pollution. The authors also conducted a case study on the local effects of climate change - Timișoara and its peri-urban area. Therefore, we concluded that if Timișoara is successful in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, this will create a test market for Romania's ecological technologies and help the environmental industries to locate in Timișoara.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Eduard Alexandru DUMITRU, Rozi Liliana BEREVOIANU, Adriana MUSCALU, Cătălina TUDORA

Medicinal plants have an important economic potential but which is not capitalized at fair value, so farmers choose certain crops that have reliable market. The paper analyzes from the point of view of economic efficiency, basil, thyme, lavender and hyssop crops. In this regard, the budget of revenues and expenditures for 2020 for these crops was estimated. For this study it was used the technical-economic analysis, determining the main economic indicators: value of production, total costs, variable costs, indirect costs, income, production cost, predictable domestic market price.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Obunwa Rosemary EZE, Hemen Emmanuel JIJINGI, Kodak Udemgba EMERSON, Ijasini John TEKWA

Information about effects of agricultural land uses on soil properties is essential for sustainable utilization of soil resources and conservation of the ecosystem. This study was carried out to assess the impact of agricultural land use types on selected quality indicators of some soils of Amalla in Nsukka, South-East Nigeria. A total of 15 composite soil samples were collected each from cassava farm, maize farm and oil-palm plantation farm at 0-15 cm soil depths in 5 different study locations. Three farms practicing each of the land use type at each location were taken as replicates. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done following the generalized linear model of Statistix 9.1 laid in a Completely Randomized Block Design. The results shows that the mean values of sand, silt and clay contents ranged from 74.60−80.80%, 11.00−14.00% and 7.39−11.40% in the farm locations, respectively. The mean soil bulk density ranged from 1.18−2.05 g/cm3 and was significantly (P<0.05) different among the land use types, except at Ibagwa farm. The sand and silt contents of the soils did not differ significantly (P<0.05) among the land use types in most of the study locations. The clay content differed significantly across all land use types in all the sampled locations, and was significantly higher under the oil palm compared to both cassava and maize farming systems. The significantly (P<0.05) higher soil organic carbon (OC) content was found under the oil palm land use, while the lowest organic carbon of 0.34% was found in the cassava farm locations. Soil organic matter (OM) was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in the oil palm (2.1% – 2.9%) and lowest under the cassava farm (0.59%−1.3%). Generally, the OC content (0.34%−1.34%) recorded under the various land use types was well below the bench mark for most crop requirements, and soil's structural stability might fail. The soils are thus, predisposed to greater risk of low fertility and water erosion. More detailed studies on environmental and economic aspects of these land uses are strongly recommended.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Alina CARADJA

The main objective of this article was to assess the quality of skills held by graduates of agricultural specialties in the Republic of Moldova in terms of contribution to the tasks of sustainable development of the rural environment. For this purpose, an empirical study was conduct on the contribution of managers and specialists in the agricultural field in order to solve the tasks of sustainable development of economic units in which they operate based on their own perception. Starting from this premise, an opinion poll was conduct on a total sample of 157 specialists, graduates of various vocational education programs with an agricultural profile of levels 4-7 ECTS. As result of the data processing, a number of problems were deduced regarding the transfer of the quality of the outputs of the vocational education system with an agricultural profile in the performance of the agricultural production sector and, implicitly, the sustainable development at enterprise level.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Sorin STANCIU, Gabriela POPESCU, Elena PEȚ, Carmen DUMITRESCU

The European Union is famous for its safe, nutritious and high-quality food and drinks. Trying to achieve sustainability on food production, at European level are considered also the traditional production methods which contribute together with the standard production methods to assure quality and diversity. The aim of the paper is to underline the evolution of geographical indication based on eAmbrosia. Different regulation at European level, laws, reports and data were used for the paper and the research methods included using statistical methods. The variation of geographical indications can be linked to the European Union’ states agricultural potential, to the supporting measures and their cultural and gastronomic inheritance.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Cristina TINDECHE, Adelaida HONTUS, Alina MARCUTA, Liviu MARCUTA, Carmen ANGELESCU

The paper analyzed the trends and relationships in the EU ewes and goats livestock and milk output in the period 2010-2018 based on Eurostat Data using the fixed basis index, descriptive statistics, average yearly growth rate, Bravais- Pearson correlation coefficients, determination coefficient and regression models. The results attested the important contribution given by the two species to the EU milk sector in order to diversify cheese varieties and stimulate consumption and export. While sheep livestock declined in general, and the goats population increased, ewes and goats' milk delivered to dairy industry increased. In the decreasing order, the main EU countries raising sheep are Spain, Romania, Greece, Italy and France, and the main countries growing goats are Greece, Spain, Romania, France, Italy and Netherlands. Raw milk production increased in case of the both species in many countries. Ewe milk is mainly produced in Greece, Spain, Italy and France, while goat milk is especially produced in France, Spain, Netherlands and Greece. The diverse policies, management and marketing and production performance from a country to another pointed out the need to improve farmers skills in resources, livestock and production management, to encourage them to join in associations to benefit of low-price inputs and a direct access to market. The coupled aids financed by the EU are incentives to sustain sheep and goat farming and dairy sector, farmers' income, the valorization of the natural resources, the development of the disadvantaged rural and periurban areas, animal health and welfare, environment quality and biodiversity, and the offer of organic dairy products to consumers.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 3
Written by Berna TÜRKEKUL, Canan ABAY

Agriculture contributes to Turkish economic development by manufacturing essential agricultural products, utilizing a huge portion of the population, trading of agricultural products, making intermediate goods for the other sectors. However, poverty along with deepening gap between input and output prices caused by Turkish agricultural policies implemented in the recent years has pushed farmers to quit farming. As a matter of fact, in 2017 5.4 million worked in agricultural sector, which were 7.7 million people in 2000. Therefore, object of this study was to investigate the factors affecting farmers’ likelihood to quit agriculture. The data was collected by a questionnaire conducted in the selected districts of Izmir and totally 195 farmers are calculated as sample size. Logit regression model was used to determine the factors affecting quitting agriculture. The results show that agricultural subsidy, tenure, education and the size of the farm are the important factors for quitting decision. The question of who will make agricultural production in the future will be on the agenda as long as agriculture loses attractiveness for young people. The situation is no different in a country with a high young population country like Turkey. Hence, agriculture should be encouraged especially for young people with high education and entrepreneurship ability.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 20 ISSUE 4
Written by Mihaela GEORGIEVA

This article examines the state of rural areas in the South Central region of Bulgaria. A spatial assessment of the territorial and socio-economic development of the South Central region has been made. Based on statistical assessment, geographical analysis and socio-economic characteristics, the trends in the development of rural areas in the South Central Planning Region are derived. The article assesses the demographic condition of the population and the general condition of the settlements. Based on the presented overview of the rural areas in the South Central region, we can conclude that they lag behind in the pace of socio-economic development compared to the urban areas in the region. A more targeted regional policy is needed, including through the impact of European Union Funds to address regional disparities in rural areas in the South Central Planning Region.

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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