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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 2
Written by Emilia DAN, Ion DONA

Generally, rural development, as most known concept, is associated with Rural Development Program and its implication. However, in our opinion, the rural development can be stimulated thought other types of EU funding as well. Currently, 46% of the Romania’s population lives in rural areas and the majority of them are involved in subsistence or semi-subsistence agriculture associated with informal employment or unpaid family work, low productivity and poverty. For the rural areas, the human capital is a very important resource and in order to increase economic growth in these areas it is necessary to invest in the education and the development of the rural population. Development of the rural population can be stimulated trough a set of supporting actions which implies changes and full support of the individuals or groups. Therefore, policies and programs designed especially for development of human resources can greatly help on educating and opening new opportunities for the rural population and in this way improving the quality of rural life. Through this paper we aim to analyze the Sectorial Operational Program Human Resources Development (SOP HRD) projects implemented in rural areas and for the rural area population and to highlight the importance of this type of projects for the development of the addressed areas.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 1
Written by Daniela SIMTION

In order to obtain quality products, it is necessary to approach the components of plant culture systems in a unitary way. The methodology proposed in this paper takes into account the influence of all factors and the interaction between them, the solutions obtained comprising both elements that characterize the system of culture as a whole and elements that characterize its component parts. The strategy concept to be proposed is based on the realization of the concentration and specialization of agricultural production on the dimensions of a rational exploitation of the land under the conditions of real privatization. In fact, strategy is a therapy that, if operated in a sick social - economic environment like our current agriculture, can have catastrophic effects, without prior diagnosis or misdiagnosis, or on the contrary it proves to be beneficial when it is being fundamentally administered. Human decisions that engage the future cannot be inspired by a single methodology or mathematical calculus; in this sense Keynes said: We assume perfect predictions in analysis. But we know that the forecast is actually imperfect according to Keynes.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 2
Written by Angela SHESTACOVSCAIA

This article examines the development of leasing in the Republic of Moldova in the last nine years. According to statistic data, the author has examined the evolution of the value of fixed assets transmitted in lease for three consecutive periods, each including 3 years. There was analyzed the value and structure of fixed assets transmitted in leasing in terms of categories of fixed assets, the period of payment and benefits. There are presented the most powerful leasing companies, which are in the top of carried out leasing activities. Following the analysis performed, there can be made the conclusion that in the last decade, the value of leased fixed assets is increasing if we have a look at the development of this indicator, expressed in national value. At the same time, the same indicator expressed in US dollars shows that there is no real growth. Transport means have a large share (about 90%) in the structure of leased fixed assets. The share of machinery and equipment, and special buildings and structures is approximately equal, being around 3.5 to 5.7%. Examination of the value and structure of leased fixed assets in terms of the payment deadline demonstrates that in the practice of leasing there are preferred businesses with payment term up to three years. This situation comes as a reaction to economic instability, which is very pronounced in the last 3 years. The study of beneficiaries of leased fixed assets shows that a large share belongs to individuals (about 56% in recent years), followed by the category of companies and organizations (about 33%). These indicators confirm that in the Republic of Moldova, leasing has a consumption character and finance through leasing of the economic entities has economic development capabilities.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 3
Written by Mayie AMER, Andrew TYLER, Tarek FOUDA, Peter HUNTER, Adel ELMETWALLI, Clare WILSON, Mario VALLEJO-MARIN

Plants would the start with step of a metal's pathway starting with the dirt on heterotrophic creatures for example, such that animals and humans, thus the substance from claiming metallic follow components for eatable parts of a plant representable accessible load of these metals that might enter those natural way of life through plants. Around metal elements, Cu and Zn would micro nutrients as they are essential in trace concentrations for physiological processes in plants. Furthermore consequently would a critical part from the soil–plant–food continuum. Therefor this study aimed to analysing the performance of multivariate hyperspectral vegetation indices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in estimating the accumulation of these elements in plant dry mutter and the final product of Egyptian wheat crop irrigated with high concentrations of Zn and Cu. We applied five concentrations for each element (0.05, 20, 40, 100, and 150 ppm of Zn) and (0.02, 8, 10, 12, and 15 ppm of Cu) to a controlled greenhouse experiment to examine the effect of these concentrations on plant spectral characteristics and study the possibility of using spectroradiometry measurements for identifying the grain content of these metals. The results demonstrated that The hyperspectral vegetation indices had a potential for monitoring Zn concentration in the plant dry matter. NPCI and PSSR had a highest correlation with Cu phytoaccumulation into the grains with highest significant level (P-Value < 0.01) and (r) values (-0.39, -0.42).

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 4
Written by Maria Mihaela ANTOFIE, Camelia SAVA SAND

To maintain food security, the conservation and sustainable use of all plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) is essential under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Plant Treaty) adopted in 2005 based on the Convention on biological diversity signed in 1992. Both Conventions have been ratified by Romania and the conservation and sustainable use of domesticated crops and edible wild plant species needs to be addressed in near future. The scope of this article is to analyse two onion landraces for evaluating their status of conservation and furthermore, to propose some measures for their further conservation and sustainable use based on the needs of local communities. We underline that onion is mentioned on the Annex of the Plant Treaty as a PEGFRA. Red onion landraces 'de Turda’ was officially recognized in 1952 and 'de Buzău’ in 1977, based on the analysis of Official Catalogues. If, the landrace 'de Turda’ was erased from the Official Catalogue after 1990, 'de Buzău’ continues to be recognized at the official level. Both landraces have been assessed against the UPOV Standard TG/46/7, to find solutions for further recognition of 'de Turda’ onion as an important plant genetic resources for food based on the provisions of Directives 2008/62 / EC, 2009/145 / EC and 2010/60 / EU. The analysis of our results reveals that 'de Buzău’ is producing large size bulbs and 'de Turda’ is producing medium size bulbs and both are distinct, uniform and stable based on Standard TG/46/7 requirements. The consistent results of our analysis further support the need for on farm conservation of these two genetic resources in their agro-ecosystems of origin that is important for food security maintenance in local communities.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 17 ISSUE 3
Written by Jakub GOŁAŚ

The main aim of the article was to present basic data concerning the issue of state aid schemes for small-scale agriculture in Poland under current Rural Development Programme for the period 2014-2020. The research concerns such issues as: definition of small farms, structure of agricultural holdings in Poland by area group of agricultural land and economic size classes or basic state aid schemes designed for small-scale agriculture. Firstly, it should be highlighted here that there is no uniform definition of small farms under Polish legal system and different researchers propose various definitions. In terms of structural issues, it should be noted that smaller agricultural holdings are dominant group of farms in Poland. Such regularity may be also observed in case of economic size classes, where majority of farms represented lower economic size classes. Finally, it is worth noting that the State offers various aid schemes that are designed to foster, promote and stimulate development of small-scale agriculture in Poland.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 1
Written by Sergiu Erich PALCU, Claudia MUREŞAN, Radiana-Maria TAMBA-BEREHOIU, Ciprian Nicolae POPA

The aim of the paper was to determine the effects of environmental factors and soil fertilizers (Universol Blue and Ferticare I, applied for 3 weeks), upon production parameters of garden pea (Pisum sativum). In this regard, there were analysed: soil pH and soil temperature at the moment of sowing. The garden pea, Bördi variety, was randomly sown in early April, on 18 plots, which formed 6 experimental variants (three plots on variant). First variant V1 was the control. Variants V2, V3 and V4 have been fertilised with Universol Blue (337.5g; 421.875g; 506.25 g/variant), and V5, V6 have been fertilised with Ferticare I (540g; 607.5g/variant). After harvesting, there were determined the statistical estimates of the peashells number/variant, estimates of total peashells weight/variant and individual peashells weight/variant. The results showed that soil pH values were in the weak acid range, pH of variants V2, V3 and V4 being slightly more acidic (6.59) than pH of V5 and V6. Soil temperatures was between 6° and 7° C all over the plots. The number of peashells was increased in all variants, relative to the control (control and V3 exhibited a high variability 26.12%, respectively 21.77%). Ferticare I fertilizer was more effective than Universol Blue (938.17 vs. 907.89 peashells). The t values were insignificant between variants, concerning most parameters. The evolution of pH to alkaline domain and the increase in soil temperature, favored the increase in the total weight of peashells (r=0.789*, respectively r=0.882*). Fertilization have reduced the variability, caused by environmental conditions. The application of fertilizers did not increase the weight of peashells, but increased the total number of peashells.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 2
Written by Deniz SARICA, Vecdi DEMİRCAN, Hacer CELİK ATES, Barina TURAN, Sevgi CETINKAYA

Women do housework in rural areas and at the same time are involved in agricultural production outside home. For this reason, in agriculture which is a labour-intensive sector, the work load of women is higher than men in the sector. However, jobs done by men are socially more prestigious and more profitable. It is the fact that women's activities are mostly part-time, often free and more home-based. Women work with hourly, daily or unit-based wages as unpaid family workers during the production and harvesting stages of agricultural products (cotton, hazelnut, tea, rose, etc.). In this study, it was aimed to determine the life and working conditions and problems of agricultural female workers in rose production, which is one of the most important agricultural products in Isparta province. The sample size was calculated by simple random sampling method and a questionnaire study was conducted with 147 women. The vast majority of women interviewed are primary school graduates, and most of the women have no social security. It was found that the interviewed women were not effective in making decisions in general and did not have control over their income.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 3
Written by Emy SAELAN, Tuti WIDJASTUTI, Iwan SETIAWAN, Hendi SETIYATWAN

The implementation of ration product from steam technology at Padjadjaran local ducks on the metabolizable energy, digestible organic matter and protein ration value have been done in cage experiment and poultry production laboratory, while the metabolic and digestible test at Ruminant Nutrition and Chemical Feed, Faculty of Animal Husbandry Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang-West Java. The objective of the research is to have the metabolic energy, organic matter digestibility and protein ration value. The experiment has been conducted by using 20 birds local ducks Padjadjaran 18 weeks which birds obtained from Batujajar people farm area, West Java. The research methods used Student's t-test with two treatments and 10 replications, where R0 = ration without steam (control), and R1 = steam ration (Steel and Torrie, 1991). The metabolizable energy of steam ration (2684.64 kcal/kg) was significantly different (P<0.05) more highly significant than without steam (2075.60 kcal/kg). The Organic digestibility matter (95.43%) was significantly different (P<0.05) more highly than without steam (90.86%). The average of protein value digestibility which come from steam ration (71.19%) was significantly different (P<0.05) more highly than without steam (64.07%)

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 4
Written by Mariana GRODEA

A main challenge for the players on the world dairy market is to efficiently respond to the changes of the local markets characteristics, in the context of an increasingly fierce competition for the raw milk obtained on the farms. From the analysis, it results that the performance of the Romanian milk sector is seriously affected by the excessive fragmentation of supply, which reveals the subsistence and semi-subsistence phenomenon that persists in the milk sector, as the main factor that constrains competitiveness growth. In reference to the volume of investments in the dairy processing sector, it results that this had a slow growth rate in the investigated period, the share in total investments in the food sector ranging from 7.8% (2000) to 16.9% (2011). The investments in agriculture in total investments accounted for 4.9% in the year 2012. In order to adapt to the competition on the European Single Market, the Romanian sector has to receive support through investments, in the conditions in which there is a favourable global conjuncture for the consumption of dairy products, in which their prices are expected to raise on the basis of the increasing demand of the development regions.

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Vol. 24 - Issue 4

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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