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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 4
Written by Dorel MIHAI, Ion DONA

The paper studied the rural human resources efficiency at regional level by using the DEA nonparametric method (Data Envelopment Analysis). The application of this cutting edge method enables the calculation of efficiency scores based on a series of inputs (occupied population in agriculture, industry and construction) and outputs (gross value added in agriculture, industry and construction). The data regarding the rural human resources are retrieved from the Amigo data base, the regional GVA from Tempo online data base and the analysis is performed by MAXDATA 6.3 Beta program. The results revealed that the majority of the regions reach performance with the current input structure, with the exception of the North-East and North-West regions which need to reduce the number of workers in agriculture and increase the GVA from industry and constructions to support real economic growth.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 4
Written by Cristina STANCĂ-MOISE

The impact on forest ecosystems caused by insect has two components, one ecological and one socio-economical. Ecological component relates to the effects of environmental parameters overview of the stands, with direct results in time on individual trees, as on the other components of ecosystems. The socio-economical component of the impact shows how these effects influence the forest resources including the productive ones and the aesthetic recreational ones. While the socio-economic value is expressed in units of currency/unit area (euro/ha), the environmental impact can be expressed in terms like: modifying the composition stands, reducing density, reducing annual growth rate or period etc. Each of these two components of the impact can be treated after the effect of time on the ecosystem, namely: long or short. At the level of forest ecosystems, with a complexity and objectives of management different, the concept of short or long term, is quite relative, so that below will not be explicit reference to the mode of action in time of the defoliators effects but only on each component of the forest ecosystem.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 2
Written by Agatha POPESCU, Toma Adrian DINU, Elena STOIAN

The analysis of the dynamics of the rural population and its structure in Romania in the period 2007-2016 was based on various demographic and economic criteria, the empirical data provided by the National Institute of Statistics, and corresponding processing methods. In 2016, Romania had 9,120,865 inhabitants in the rural areas, representing 46.2 % of the total population. The decline of 3.26 % of the rural population is explained by the low birth rate, high mortality rate, and migration mainly from rural to urban and urban to rural, and also to other countries (46 % of the rural population). The rural population is aging, proved by the unbalanced ratio between the people of 60 years and older (23.03 %) and the people of 0-14 years, (16.04%). About 4 million persons, i.e. 44.73 % of the country active population is in the rural space. Also, the elder age groups have a higher share in the economically active rural population. The rural employment accounts for 3.74 million people, i.e. 44.55% of the employment in Romania. The extreme age categories have the highest share in total employment, attesting the aging of the rural employment. Also, the low training level is reflected by the low share of rural people with high education: 6.52 % tertiary, 1.51 % post high school, 33.89 % high school, and 21.90 % vocational. About 40.54 % of the rural employment is represented by farmers and skilled workers, of whom 76 % are of 35 years and over and also most of them have a low training level. About 86 % of the rural population is part-time employed, and only 41 % is full time. Also, other disparities compared to the urban area, regard the average monthly income per household which accounted for Lei 2,447.02 in 2016, the higher income belonging to the employees. The agriculturists' income was Lei 2.163.31/household, by 12 % less than the average income in the rural area. Therefore, the rural population is an important human resource in the economy, but its living standard is very low. This situation will be changed by the implementation of the National Programme of Rural Development 2014-2020, whose measures will improve education level, farm technologies and efficiency, resource utilization, infrastructure in the rural space, social inclusion, and living standard of the rural population.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 3
Written by Zbigniew GOLAS

The main purpose of this work is to analyse the changes in work profitability in Polish agriculture. The analysis is based on the Economic Accounts for Agriculture, i.e. the applicable in the EU harmonised financial statement, which enables the analysis of the economic situation in agriculture according to uniform rules. The basis for the research have been the proposed systems of work profitability indicators and factor analysis (the logarithm method). The research has proven that in the post-accession period work profitability in agriculture increased in real terms on annual average by about 4,47%, and in 2013 in comparison to 2004, work profitability was higher in real terms by almost 60%. In the light of the factor analysis the main determinant of changes in work profitability in the domestic agriculture was the increase in work productivity and production subsidies.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 3
Written by Ogbonnaya Ukeh OTEH, Etomchi Maria-stella, NJOKU

Competition is necessary for enhanced customer welfare and efficiency. This study focused on marketing efficiency of packaged water in Imo state Nigeria. It specifically examined the socio-economic profile of the respondents; levels of marketing efficiency of packaged water and its determinants. The study employed purposive and multistage sampling technique in the selection of location and respondents respectively from whom information were elicited. Analytically, descriptive statistics, schematic diagram and OLS multiple regression models were used. Results showed that the respondents were predominantly married male adults, with average household size of 7 persons. They were fairly educated and experienced in the business. The study further revealed that age, education, household size and income were the major determinants of marketing efficiency of packaged water marketing in the area. The result also showed that net income, marketing cost, and marketing margin were higher in urban area, which implies that marketer in semi-urban areas were operating below optimum efficiency levels. This study therefore suggested the need to incorporate integrated logistics management and marketing strategies as a measure to reduce unnecessary marketing costs; capacity enhancement programmes for marketers and improvement in infrastructural development as a means of addressing marketing efficiency and customer welfare.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 15 ISSUE 4
Written by Chigozirim Ndubuisi ONWUSIRIBE, Chibuzo Ikechukwu OKPOKIRI

This study analyzed the determinants of palm oil output supply in Nigeria. A time series data, from the period of 1970-2014 were collected from the Food and Agricultural Organization data base and other sources. Trend analysis, ADF unit root test, co-integration test and error correction model were used to analyze the data. The trend in the output supply of palm oil shows significant growth rate based on the coefficient of the time trend (b1). The unit root test using Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF) shows that all the variables have constant mean except for palm oil yield which led to the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration test which reveals the presence of long run relationship existing between the variables and short run relationships with error correction term. Imports of palm oil has negative significant short run and long run impacts on the output supply of palm oil while in the short run palm oil exports has a significant negative impact on the palm oil output supply and a significant positive impact in the long run. The error correction model (ECM) suggests a high speed of adjustment of the dependent variable to changes in the independent variables. The import of palm products affects the output supply of palm oil negatively as this impedes the local production of palm oil. Export of palm oil was positively signed indicating that export of palm oil encourages the farmers to increase their output supply. This study therefore, recommends the promotion of export and formulation of export promotion policies to stimulate international market for our palm oil and encourage our farmers to boost their output.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 18 ISSUE 2
Written by Maria COJOCARU, Tatiana DIACONU

The aim of the research is to identify the determinants of the evolution of the export of agri-food products from the Republic of Moldova. The study has led to the development of a multifactorial econometric model, which can be a useful tool for managers and decision-makers in governmental structures. The various tests performed to assess the quality (validity) of the econometric model obtained lead to important conclusions. Firstly, exports are very vulnerable to exchange rate fluctuations and inflation, uncontrollable factors by business managers. It follows that the state must come with policies to support and protect agricultural producers and food industry.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 4
Written by Nnanna Mba AGWU, Cynthia Ijeoma ANYANWU, Okezie ORIUWA

This study has it objectives as to describe the types of crops marketed by the women; to determine the factors that influence women participation in marketing of food crops in the study area and make recommendations based on the findings. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed in the study. First, two Local Government Areas were selected from each of the three agricultural zones, this was followed by the random selection of twenty respondents from the selected Local Government Areas, bringing the total number of respondents to a hundred and twenty. Descriptive statistics and the probit model were used in analyzing the data collected from a set of questionnaire administered on the respondents selected. The results of the analysis showed that cassava, maize, water yam, sweet potatoes and cocoyam were the major food crops marketed by the women. The probit results indicate that age, experience, output, source of capital and source of labour were significant at different probability levels and with different signs. The study recommended that sources of income whether formal or informal sources should be made more accessible to women, amongst other things.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 16 ISSUE 3
Written by Abdulhameed A. GIREI, E.G. ONUK

This paper determined women participation in livestock Production in Mangu local government area of Plateau State, Nigeria. Simple random sampling was used to select 90 women livestock farmers. Descriptive statistics, Participation Index and Multiple Regression Analysis were employed to analyse the data. The regression results revealed that extension contact was significant (p<0.01) and positive, while age and education (p<0.01) and years of experience (p<.0.05) were significant factors influencing women participation in livestock production although negative. Poultry, swine and goat production raked first, second and third respectively. The result further shows that the coefficient of multiple determinations (R2) was 0.554, this indicates that 55.4% of the variation in women participation is accounted for by the explanatory variables included in the model. The study recommends that the women should be more capacitated in terms of support through engaging them more meaningfully on economic activities of not only the family but in decision making on matters affecting women. Also the training need of women participation in livestock production should be identified and also soft capital should be provided at the affordable and right time.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and rural development", Vol. 14 ISSUE 3
Written by Chidozie Onyedikachi ANYIRO, Paschal Nnaemeka AJUKA,Christopher Ogbonna EMEROLE, Ijeoma Esther ORJI

This research analyzed determinants of women’s participation in self help group-led micro-financing of farms in Isuikwuato Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to; determine the level of women’s participation in self help group led micro financing of farms; determine the factors that influence women’s participation in self help group micro financing of farms; identify constraints of women participation in self help group micro financing of farms in the study area. Multistage random sampling technique was employed in collecting data from one hundred and twenty (120) members of women self help group using structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, likert scale type and probit regression analysis. The research revealed that the women (respondents) actively participated in self help group meetings ( = 3.07), financial and material contributions (= 3.33), self help group project (= 3.36) and recruitment of fresh members (= 3.16), because their calculated means were greater than the critical midpoint mean score (3.0). The study also showed that the women did not participate in committee membership ( = 2.54) and holding of official executive position (= 2.53) in self help group since the midpoint score (3.0) was greater than their calculated mean values. The result of probit regression analysis showed that women’s participation in self help group led micro financing of farms was influenced by household size, years of membership experience, access to credit, primary occupation, mode of entry and annual contribution. The model predicted 94.69 per cent of the sample correctly and posted a log likelihood value of -33.54958, a pseudo R2value of 0.3013 and a goodness of fit chi-square value of 32.10 which is statistically significant at 1.0% level. Meanwhile irregular monthly contribution and loan default were the major constraints of women’s participation in self help group led micro financing of farms. It was recommended that leadership positions within self help groups should be made to rotate among the broad spectrum of longer serving members. This will ensure greater commitment to group success and sustenance by a greater number of members.

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Vol. 24 - Issue 4

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© 2019 To be cited: Scientific Papers. Series “Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development“.

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